Coasts Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the 4 types of coastal erosion?
Hydraulic action
Abrasion
Attrition
Solution
What is hydraulic action?
Hydraulic action is when the water hammers against the rock and water is forced into the cracks, breaking down the rock
What is Attrition?
Attrition is when rock are flung into each other, wearing each other away and making them rounded like pebbles.
What is abrasion?
When pebbles get flung against the rock, scraping and scouring it away.
What is solution?
When the water dissolves some materials.
What are the 3 coastal processes?
Erosion
Transportation
Deposition
What is erosion?
The wearing away of the coast
What is transportation?
The movement of material
What is deposition?
The dumping of material
What is longshore drift?
Longshore drift is when materials are moved along a beach by the waves moving at an angle in a swash and moving back at a 90° angle in a backwash therefore moving along the beach
What are the purpose of groynes?
Groynes are there to stop materials and things like boats from washing away. Their placement leads to starvation and accumulation.
What is starvation and accumulation?
Starvation accumulation is when longshore drift builds up materials on one side of the groyne ‘accumulating’ leaving the other side with nothing ‘starving’
What are the 6 types of erosional landforms?
Headlands Bays Caves Arches Stacks Stumps
What is a headland?
A piece of land jutting out into the sea
What is a bay?
A broad coastal inlet often with the beach
How are caves formed?
Continue to corrasion will widen and deepen a wave cut notch into a cave.
How are stumps formed?
The base of the stack will be continually attacked by the sea over time it may become unstable it will collapse and form a stump
How are arches formed?
Went to caves are formed either side of the headland over time they may erode backwards and meet for an arch
How are stacks formed?
Continued erosion of the base of an arch will make it unstable the roof will collapse into the sea forming a stack
How are headlands and bays formed?
When the sea erodes the coast and some rock is stronger than the other the sea will wear away the soft rock (like sand or mud) forming a bay,leaving a headland made of sturdier rock (like chalk)
