Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries Deck (23)
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1
Q

<p>Fine sand is found on what degree of beaches?</p>

A

<p>1-3 degrees</p>

2
Q

<p>Coarse sand is found on beaches of what degree?</p>

A

<p>4-9 degrees</p>

3
Q

<p>What type of particle is found on beaches from 10-24 degrees?</p>

A

<p>Pebbles</p>

4
Q

<p>What is the main mineral found on white sandy beaches?</p>

A

<p>Calcium Carbonate</p>

5
Q

<p>What is the site called where the sea mixes with fresh water?</p>

A

<p>Estuary</p>

6
Q

<p>What is a form of estuary produced by glaciers?</p>

A

<p>Fjord</p>

7
Q

<p>Water on the Fjord floor is?</p>

A

<p>Deoxygenated and cold</p>

8
Q

<p>The conditions on the fjord floor are similar to?</p>

A

<p>Parts of the deep sea</p>

9
Q

<p>A coast is where</p>

A

<p>the land meets the ocean</p>

10
Q

<p>Residence time is</p>

A

<p>the average length of time that a particle spends in a defined part of the ocean (often an estuary)</p>

11
Q

<p>What type of estuary is formed when rising sea level floods the mouth of a river?</p>

A

<p>Coastal plain estuary (or a drowned river valley)</p>

12
Q

<p>What type of estuary is formed when a bar or spit isolates a bay from the ocean?
</p>

A

<p>Bar-built estuary</p>

13
Q

<p>An indentation of coastline that forms a bay is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. </p>

A

<p>Coastal embayment</p>

14
Q

<p>Mangrove forests are found: </p>

A

<p>In the intertidal zone within the tropics and subtropics. </p>

15
Q

<p>Mangroves serve these purposes:</p>

A

<p> Coastal protection (from waves and storm surges), nursery for juvenile fishes, timber products, and carbon sequestration.</p>

16
Q

<p>What is a pneumatophore?</p>

A

<p>Root of a mangrove tree; sticks up into the air and allows the tree to absorb gases directly from the atmosphere.</p>

17
Q

<p>What is a stilt root?</p>

A

<p>Root of a mangrove tree; grows from the main trunk and burrows underground (sometimes through water) with a smaller network of roots. Provides stability for the mangrove and habitat for juvenile fishes.</p>

18
Q

<p>Mangrove trees are adapted to high salinity. How?</p>

A

<p>By limiting water loss through stomata regulation and expelling salt through salt glands</p>

19
Q

<p>In mangroves, what are aerenchyma?</p>

A

<p>Specialized cells in the roots that have air spaces for oxygen transport.</p>

20
Q

What are the different types of mangroves?

A
Buttonwood Mangrove (Conocarpus erectus)
White Mangrove (Lagunculxaria racemes)
Black Mangrove (Avicenna germinans)
Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle)
Grey Mangrove (Avecennia)
21
Q

<p>Buttonwood mangroves are used extensively for what? Why?</p>

A

<p>Landscaping, bonsai, and decorative purposes, due to the silvery hairs on their leaves. </p>

22
Q

Which country has the third-largest area of mangroves in the world?

A

Australia

23
Q
A