Coasts case studies Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the average annual rate of erosion at Holderness?
Around 2m per year.
What human cause contributes to coastal erosion at Holderness?
Sediment starvation due to coastal defenses in other places.
What physical causes contribute to coastal erosion at Holderness?
Strong prevailing winds and soft boulder clay.
How much faster does boulder clay erode compared to chalk cliffs?
10 times as fast.
What is the fetch distance that contributes to storm conditions affecting Holderness?
1,500 km from the north Norwegian coast.
In which location in Ghana is coastal erosion occurring?
Accra, the capital.
What is the estimated annual rate of coastal erosion in Accra, Ghana?
1.13m per year.
What are some human causes of coastal erosion in Ghana?
Inadequate coastal management, sand mining, modification of ecosystems.
What are some physical causes of coastal erosion in Ghana?
Sea level rise, weathering, and transport.
Which site is a World Heritage Site located on the English Channel coast?
Jurassic Coast.
What type of coastline is Durdle Door characterized by?
Concordant coastline.
What geological material forms the cliffs at Lulworth Cove?
Resistant Portland stone.
What caused the 2004 tsunami?
An underwater earthquake of magnitude 9 on the Richter scale.
What were some social impacts of the 2004 tsunami?
1,000 German and Swedish tourists killed, destruction in fish population.
What economic impact did the 2004 tsunami have?
Farmlands permanently flooded or contaminated by seawater.
What environmental impacts did the 2004 tsunami have?
Uplifted shorelines destroyed coral reefs and mangroves.
What caused the storm surges in the North Sea in 1953?
Severe European windstorm and high spring tide.
What management strategies were implemented post-1953 for the North Sea?
A large increase in sea walls and the Thames barrier constructed.
What was a significant impact of the storm surges in the North Sea in 2013?
Severe coastal flooding.
What geographical feature contributes to storm surges in Bangladesh?
Very low-lying river delta.
What is the predicted annual economic loss for the Philippines due to coastal flooding?
$6.5 billion.
What is the predicted sea level rise per year affecting Kiribati?
3.3m per year.
What policy has the government of Kiribati launched to address climate change?
Migration with dignity policy.
What coastal management strategy was employed at Holderness in 1991?
Management scheme costing £2.1 million supported by EU funding.
