Coat Colors for Exam 2

Question 1

D locus

Answer 1

Dilute locus

Question 2

DD and Dd represent

Answer 2

Full color

Question 3

dd represents

Answer 3

Dilute animal (includes nose, iris, footpads)

Question 4

D locus affects what other locus?

Answer 4

B locus

Question 5

B_D_ becomes

Answer 5

blue/grey

Question 6

bbD_ becomes

Answer 6

silver/dusty

Question 7

How is the C locus different from the S locus?

Answer 7

C locus - melanocytes present but NON-functioning/cannot make pigment
S locus - melanocytes did not fully migrate/not present at certain site

Question 8

S locus

Answer 8

Spotting series

Question 9

Explain the S locus

Answer 9

Controls melanocyte survival and migration

Question 10

The S locus is an example of _____ dominance

Answer 10

Incomplete

Question 11

SS

Answer 11

Full color

Question 12

s^i

Answer 12

Irish spotting; defect in migration

Question 13

s^p

Answer 13

Piebald; more significant defect in migration than s^i

Question 14

s^w

Answer 14

Extreme white; melanocytes don’t migrate at all

Question 15

Ss^w - explain what you would see and why

Answer 15

Blend/intermediate of full color and extreme white. Would see piebald or irish spotting puppies. Incomplete dominance acts at this locus

Question 16

Cats: S locus (Describe each allele)

Answer 16

SS - all or mostly white spotting
Ss - partly white/spotting
ss - full color

Question 17

G locus

Answer 17

Early greying

Question 18

G

Answer 18

Early greying

Question 19

g

Answer 19

Normal allele

Question 20

M locus

Answer 20

Merle

Question 21

Explain the M locus

Answer 21

An insertion of SINE at intron 10, exon 11 boundary in the SILV gene. Results in gain of function that converts black to grey. A portion of the poly A tail of the SINE can deleted spontaneously, leading to somatic reversion, where the M allele converts back to the m allele (or m*). This results in some cells with the recessive genotype that then produce black pigment. This results in a grey dog with ragged black spots.

Question 22

MM

Answer 22

Defective white (all white or white with patches of blue or black); ear or eye defects

Question 23

Mm

Answer 23

merle

Question 24

M^h

Answer 24

harlequin

Question 25

mm

Answer 25

non-merle

Question 26

H locus

Answer 26

Harlequin; white dog with ragged black spots; dilutes blue-grey merle to white

Question 27

HH

Answer 27

embryonic lethal

Question 28

MmHh

Answer 28

Harlequin

Question 29

Mmhh

Answer 29

merle

Question 30

mmHh

Answer 30

full color

Question 31

Explain H locus, specifically an HhMm dog

Answer 31

Harlequin dog = white dog with black spots. The Mm would give a merle dog. Hh acts on the grey of merle to make it white. The black spots occur due to somatic reversion of the M to m, when part of the inserted SINE that creates the M allele is lost. Because Hh does not act on the black, the spots can be seen.

Question 32

T locus

Answer 32

Ticking; spots of color in white areas

Question 33

The white in the Ticking locus is due to what?

Answer 33

S locus

Question 34

TT

Answer 34

Big spots of color

Question 35

Tt

Answer 35

Small spots of color

Question 36

tt

Answer 36

no ticking

Question 37

Dalmatian will have what genotype?

Answer 37

TTs^ws^w

Question 38

I locus

Answer 38

Silver; suppresses development of pigment in less heavily pigmented areas

Question 39

I

Answer 39

silver or smoke varieties

Question 40

i

Answer 40

full color

Question 41

Tabby is now thought to be the interaction of 2 loci, They are:

Answer 41

Ticked and tabby

Question 42

Tabby involves an extra protein. What is it? Explain it.

Answer 42

EDN3 paracrine hormone protein that controls hair color in parallel to MCR1

Question 43

Ticked locus alleles

Answer 43

Ti^a - ticked; Abyssinian | Ti^+ - not ticked

Question 44

Tabby locus alleles

Answer 44

ta^b - blotched tabby (wider stripes; LOF mutation in Taqpep interrupts regular pattern) Ta^m - mackerel tabby (smaller stripes)

Question 45

What's the tabby locus' protein?

Answer 45

Taqpep (Transmembrane aminopeptidase Q)

Question 46

W locus

Answer 46

White locus in CATS; impact on the ability of the ear to transmit sound, development or formation of the ear

Question 47

W

Answer 47

removes nearly all pigment (eyes blue or yellow)

Question 48

WW

Answer 48

nearly all deaf

Question 49

Ww

Answer 49

still white, 25% deaf

Question 50

ww

Answer 50

full color

Question 51

O locus

Answer 51

Orange locus

Question 52

What is special about the O locus?

Answer 52

It is X linked

Question 53

OY

Answer 53

Orange male

Question 54

O^+Y

Answer 54

Not orange (Black) male

Question 55

OO

Answer 55

Orange female

Question 56

O^+O^+

Answer 56

Not orange (Black) female

Question 57

OO^+ss

Answer 57

Torti female

Question 58

OO^+S_

Answer 58

Calico female

Question 59

ddOO^+ss

Answer 59

Dilute torti female

Question 60

To see a solid color, a cat must be

Answer 60

Ticked (Ti^aTi^a)

Question 61

To see a tabby color, a cat must be

Answer 61

UNticked (Ti^+Ti^+)

Question 62

Smaller spots and more color indicates a/an _____ _____

Answer 62

Late x activation

Question 63

Bigger spots indicate a/an _____ _____

Answer 63

Early x activation

Question 64

Orange male

Answer 64

OY

Question 65

Black female

Answer 65

O^+O^+ Ti^aTi_