Cochlear implants Flashcards
A cochlear implant is a device put directly into the cochlea to stimulate the __________ to transmit sound.
Nerve fibres of the auditory nerve
List the basic indications for cochlear implants.
- -bilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss
- -usually SNHL
- -poor speech discrimination
- -poor performance with hearing aids
The age range for receiving cochlear implants is very ____ (wide/narrow).
Wide - from less than a year to over 90 years old
3 out of _____ children are born with significant permanent hearing loss.
1000
____% of children will have temporary conductive hearing loss due to ear infections before 10 years of age.
95%
_____________ is the 3rd most common disability in older adults.
Acquired hearing loss
____% of adults who have hearing loss wear hearing aid devices.
20%
Neonatal trauma, such as _____, kernicterus, or intrauterine infections like rubella can cause deafness in newborns.
Hypoxia
________ deafness occurs before developing spoken language.
Prelingual
Because of neuroplasticity, the auditory cortex is reorganized to process __________ in adults after early onset deafness.
Visual input
List the basic auditory functions.
Sound detection Sound discrimination Sound localization Emotion identification Music appreciation
List the components of a cochlear implant and their functions.
Microphone - digitizes incoming sound, decreases noise, increases signal.
Processor - separates components of speech signal.
Transmitter - communicates to receiver via FM.
Electrode array - stimulates the auditory nerve.
List some nice qualities of newer cochlear implants.
Wireless capabilities
Splash proof
Improved data logging
Fine tuners - helpful for parents, teachers, audiologists
A cochlear implant has ___ channels, but a real cochlea has ______ ganglion cells.
22
30,000
A cochlear implant has a dB range of _____ but a real cochlea has a range of ______.
10-20 dB
100 dB
To determine candidacy for cochlear implants, you must look at 2 criteria:
- Thresholds
2. Speech perception test scores
For children between 25 months and 17 years old, one of the criteria for cochlear implant candidacy is that they show a score of _________________ on open set speech perception testing (Multi Lexical Neighbourhood test or Lexical Neighbourhood Test)
30% correct or less
For adults 18+, candidacy for cochlear implants includes the criterion of a score of _________ on the implant ear, and a score of _______ on the non-implant ear, on the AzBio _________ test.
50% or less
60% or less
sentence recognition
True or false: A person who wants their primary language to be a spoken language are more suitable candidates for cochlear implants than those who prefer a visual language.
True
List some of the exclusion criteria for cochlear implants.
- No air-bone gap greater than 15 dB
- No progressive hearing loss
- No autoimmune disease
- No hearing loss from meningitis, otosclerosis, ossification
- No malformations of the cochlea
- No external ear contraindications to using amplification devices
- Word scores of 60%+ at 65 dBSPL
List some of the contraindications for cochlear implants.
- Lack of oral communication experience for age
- Lack of auditory nerve (narrow meatus)
- Mastoid cavity can be a contraindication
- Lack of commitment or support
- Unable to undergo anesthetic
What are some reasons to choose one ear to implant (or implant first) over the other?
- It’s the better hearing or more recently deafened ear
- It has the worse vestibular function
- It hasn’t been operated on before (e.g. mastoidectomy)
- Patient preference
- Patient does not wear a hearing aid in that ear
CI stimulation provides the most benefit when implants are provided between _____ years.
2-4
A longer time difference between implanting the first and the second CI in bilateral users can lead to…
greater difference in speech perception between ears, depending on the hearing in the non-implanted ear (kids with poorer non-implanted ears may do better)
