Coffee

Question 1

Coffee producing countries

Answer 1

Brazil, Mexico, Vietnam, Ethiopia, Colombia and Indonesia

Question 2

Coffee importing countries

Answer 2

USA, UK, Spain, France, Japan, Russia, Canada

Question 3

Coffee growing latitudes

Answer 3

Close to the Equator, where the climate is hot and wet

Question 4

Largest import of coffee in the world- 20% of the world’s coffee

Answer 4

USA

Question 5

Main types of coffee beans

Answer 5

Arabic and robusta

Question 6

Arabic

Answer 6

-High quality
-expensive to produce
-Mainly grown in South America and Eastern Africa
-It makes up 70% of global coffee production

Question 7

Robusta

Answer 7

-Cheaper to produce
- Mainly produced in Western Africa and Asia

Question 8

Coffee diseases

Answer 8

Bacterial blight and coffee leaf rust.
Coffee Berry diseases cause dark spots to appear on coffee beans and destroy them in days

Question 9

Coffee pests

Answer 9

Black Twig Borer- an insect native to Asia- tunnels into the branches of coffee plants, destroying the plant

Question 10

Fertilisers and pesticides

Answer 10

Have to be imported so can be expensive

Question 11

LICs (developing countries )

Answer 11

Produce coffee

Question 12

HICs (developed countries)

Answer 12

Consume coffee

Question 13

Brazil

Answer 13

Largest coffee producer- a third of global coffee

Question 14

How much coffee did Brazil produce in 2022?

Answer 14

3.5 million tonnes

Question 15

Race to the Bottom

Answer 15

Coffee-producing countries compete with each other to cut wages, labour regulations and environmental protection in order to attract TNCs

Question 16

TNCs

Answer 16

Make the most profit on the coffee by buying the raw beans and then roasting them, and selling them to consumers

Question 17

Economic leakage

Answer 17

Profits return to the country of origin of the TNCs (usually HICs)

Question 18

Farmers

Answer 18

small-scale (smallholdings) with little land, little power to dictate prices

Question 19

Coffee TNCs

Answer 19

ECOM, Louis Dreyfus, Neumann and VOLCAFE- control 40% of global coffee exports

Question 20

Fairtrade

Answer 20

When producers in LICs are given a better price for the goods they produce, the better price improves income and reduces exploitation

Question 21

Fairtrade Minimum price

Answer 21

The minimum price a coffee butter has to pay the producer organisation to cover all of the farmers’ costs. prevents coffee farmers from going out of business or falling into poverty

Question 22

Fairtrade Premium

Answer 22

Investments into the local ‘Community”