Cognition - Lecture 2 - Is face processing special? Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is particularly important in Face recognition?
Facial Configuration [i.e., the spatial relations between features]
What may help us to recognise an individual face?
The amount it deviates from an internal representation of the ‘average face’.
Who did work using photographs of Gary Lineker and Paul Gascoigne in 1987?
Young et al. (1987)
According to Young et al, participants recognise the … faces in the composite image more often than in the … case than in the … case
Individual; Misaligned; Aligned
When the upper and lower parts of the two faces are … our brain appears to percieve a … facial configuration and this … recognition of the individual faces
Aligned; Novel; Impedes
Which researcher came up with the Face … effect?
the face superiority effect; (Tanaka & Farah, 1993)
The Face superiority effect tasks involved …
A learning phase and 3 recognition phases [1. feature only; 2. feature within face; 3. feature within scrambled face]
Another Face effect which has been studied is called the …
Face Inversion Effect
Tanaka & Farah (1993) found two interesting things with the FSE…
- Configuration is important for recognition
2. Features alone are hard to recognise
What happens to normal proficiency when faces are inverted?
There is a LOSS of normal proficiency at face perception when faces are inverted!!
in the FIE loss of proficiency is measured by …
By recognition accuracy for recently learned faces, (Yin, ‘69) reported 90% accuracy [Upright] and 60% accuracy [Inverted].
What is interesting about the Face Inversion effect is that …
Similar decrement in performance is not found for other objects!!
There are different processes used to perceive upright and inverted faces. These are …
- ‘configural’ processing = upright
2. ‘Local’ processing = inverted
An illusion which demonstrates the Face … effects is the … illusion (Thompson, 1980)
Face inversion effect; THATCHER illusion (Thompson, 1980)
Upside down faces are hard to recognise because … ?
Face recognition relies on percieving the configuration of faces (Diamond & Carey, 1986)
The race effect (other race effect) in face perception suggests that people are … accurate in recognizing faces from another … group than from their … group
Less; racial; own
Who conducted a meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 693 black and 753 white participants???
What was found?
Brigham (1986)
The detriment in cross-race recognition was the same for both blacks + whites
What do composite-face effect + face superiority effect suggest for face recognition??
That face recognition is based on configural processing (that is, ‘integration of various object features into a comprehensive, global configuration’)
What is prosopagnosia??
The inability to recognise faces!!!
What do the face inversion effect + thatcher illusion suggest??
That configural processing (integration of object features into global configuration) operates at UPRIGHT orientations !
What do the caricature effects + race effects suggest about configuration???
That we configure with respect to an INTERNAL AVERAGE (!)
What may help us understand the other race effect (ORE)??
‘Average face’ - this represents the type of face exposure we are used to, therefore, it is important to recognising and discriminating people from THAT group. Being good at own group may lead to being bad at another!!
What do Diamond + Carey (1986) propose about face configuration?? [Hint: distinct]
To do with configuration of features in a face
What is configural processing??
Integration of various object features into a comprehensive, global configuration.
