Cognition Unit

Question 1

A Condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it.

Answer 1

Blind-sight

Question 2

When an interviewer believes they have excellent interviewing skills and believes they an rely on their ability to read people as opposed to reference checking

Answer 2

Interviewer Illusion

Question 3

Tendency to attribute one’s success to personal factors and one’s failures and situational factors.

Answer 3

Self-Serving Bias

Question 4

A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgement and make solve problems efficiently

Answer 4

Heuristic

Question 5

A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.

Answer 5

Algorithm

Question 6

A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem

Answer 6

Insight

Question 7

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

Answer 7

Creativity

Question 8

A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence.

Answer 8

Confirmation Bias

Question 9

The inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set

Answer 9

Fixation

Question 10

The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving.

Answer 10

Functional Fixedness

Question 11

Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead us to ignore other relevant information

Answer 11

Representativeness Heuristic

Question 12

Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common

Answer 12

Availability Heuristic

Question 13

The tendency to be more confident than correct - to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgement

Answer 13

Overconfidence

Question 14

Clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited

Answer 14

Belief Perseverance

Question 15

The way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions an judgements

Answer 15

Framing

Question 16

Our spoken or written or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning.

Answer 16

Language

Question 17

In language, the smallest distinctive sound unit

Answer 17

Phenome

Question 18

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Answer 18

Cognition

Question 19

A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people

Answer 19

Concepts

Question 20

Thinking that doesn’t blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assess conclusions.

Answer 20

Critical Thinking

Question 21

An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning.

Answer 21

Intuition

Question 22

A mental image or best example of a category. Matching new items to a prototype provides a quick and easy method for sorting items into categories

Answer 22

Prototypes

Question 23

The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Answer 23

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 24

The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.

Answer 24

Hindsight Bias

Question 25

The perceptions of a relationship where none exists

Answer 25

Illusory Correlation

Question 26

A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past

Answer 26

Mental Set

Question 27

A moment of sudden insight and discovery

Answer 27

AHA! Moment

Question 28

A cognitive process in which a person attempts to find a single, correct answer to a problem

Answer 28

Convergent Thinking

Question 29

A cognitive process in which a person generates many unique, creative responses to a single question or problem

Answer 29

Divergent Thinking

Question 30

Believing intelligence is biologically set, and unchanging

Answer 30

Fixed Mindset

Question 31

Believing Intelligence is Changeable

Answer 31

Growth Mindset

Question 32

Awareness and Understanding of one’s own thought process

Answer 32

Meta-cognition

Question 33

The tendency to use an initial value as an “anchor”, or reference point, in making a new numerical estimate

Answer 33

Anchoring Effect