Cognitive

Question 1

Reconstructive memory: (schemas)

Answer 1

Brewer and Treyan (1989) (Rejects) - office with odd items and they COULD remember them (should have been rationalised)

Bartlett (1932) (Support) - war on the ghosts study

Question 2

Multistore Model:

Answer 2

Clive Wearing (Support) - Retrograde amnesia and can’t form long term memories

Peterson and Peterson (Support) - Remembering Acronyms that mean nothing, could after 3 seconds, couldn’t after 18

Miller (1957) - Chunking (phone numbers)

Question 3

Working Memory Model:

Answer 3

KF (Support) - STM impairment, bad digit span, phonological store broken but visual memory was fine

Seltz and Schumann-Hengsteler (2000) (Support) - Did maths equations and disrupted by visual and sound intereference, and only sound caused impairment

Question 4

Tulving: (semantic and episodic memories)

Answer 4

KC (Support) - LTM impairment, couldn’t recall personal events but had good factual recall

HM - had hippocampus removed, drew stars every day and got BETTER, but forgot that he drew one the day before, implies that there is procedural (skill) memory

Question 5

Developmental differences in memory:

Answer 5

Smith-Spark (2010) - dyslexics had unimpaired spacial memory but bad verbal memory

McDougall (1994) - children that are good at reading have much better STM’s

Alloway (2008) - dyslexic kids have a bad phonological loop, cant hold items in the phonological store for long

Question 6

Key Question:

Answer 6

Baddely - conducted dual tasks on alzheimies, good performance when separate but bad when combined

Kenealy (1997) - people recalled more words when in same mood as when they learned them, supports Tulving’s cues