Cogntive And Social Models Flashcards
(16 cards)
What does the cognitive approach focus on?
Cognitive -related to thinking
It’s not the situation itself but the way we think about it that determines how we react
Maladaptive behaviour caused by unhelpful or biased interpretations of events e.g. unrealistic self standards negative processing bias
Underlying cognitive schemas
What are cognitive schemas?
Cognitive frameworks that influence how we see the world and organise patterns of thinking and behaviour
How does the cognitive model treat psychopathology?
Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
What would the cognitive model say is the formulation for depression?
Early experiences - critical parents, inconsistently available
Core beliefs - I am worthless
Assumptions / rules for living - I must earn approval, I must put my own needs last
Triggers - leaving home, struggling in job etc
Negative automatic thoughts - I am no good at anything, I have nothing to offer
What are some evaluative points for the cognitive model?
How much do cognitive models actually explain? E.g. how do dysfunctional thoughts develop
Can be difficult to box up experience in neat models
Relative neglect of social and interpersonal factors?
Could they be a result rather than a cause of mental health problems?
Do they just describe the difficulty in another way?
What are the main characteristics of the social model?
Focuses on external, social causes of mental health problems;
Adverse life events e.g. loss, trauma
Social vulnerability factors e.g. inequality, poverty, exclusion, deprivation
Mental distress as:
An expression of unresolved distress, relating to life experiences
A coping strategy
What have social psychologists found about life events predicting depression/anxiety?
Interviews assessed onset of depression/anxiety in past year and different kinds of life events
Loss and humiliation particular risk factors for depression, especially death and separation
Loss and danger particular risk factors for anxiety
In the adult psychiatric morbidity in England 2014 survey, what percentage of women and men in full time employment had a common mental disorder?
11% of men and 19% of women
In the adult psychiatric morbidity in England 2014 survey, what percentage of women and men in part time employment had a common mental disorder?
14% of men and 17% of women
In the adult psychiatric morbidity in England 2014 survey, what percentage of women and men in no employment had a common mental disorder?
24% of men and 34% of women
What is the percentage of adults who were diagnosed with depression and anxiety were accessing mental health treatment?
39% or one in three
What percentage of adults met the criteria for a common mental disorder?
17% or one in six
Were men or women more likely to have reported CMD symptoms?
Women were more likely at 19% compared to men’s 12%
Who were more likely to report severe symptoms of CMD?
Women
What are types of CMD symptoms?
Depression Anxiety Worry Depressive ideas Panic Phobias Compulsions Obsessions Irritability Fatigue Sleep problems Concentration and forgetfulness Worry about physical health
What is the textbook DSM definition of mental health?
A syndrome characterised by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behaviour.
Reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.
Usually associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational, or other important activities.
NOT an expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor or loss, such as the death of a loved one
NOT a form of socially deviant behaviour e.g. political, religious, or, sexual) or conflict that is primarily between the individual and society, unless the defiance or conflict results from a dysfunction in the individual.
