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Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the 2 superpowers in the Cold War

A

USSR and USA

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2
Q

Which was a communism and which was a democracy

A

USSR- communism, USA- democracy

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3
Q

What is MAD

A

Mutually Assured Destruction

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4
Q

What brought on MAD

A

Both superpowers had many many nuclear bombs so if they were to go to war they would destroy each other

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5
Q

How did the two superpowers fight

A

Proxy wars

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6
Q

What were the main parts of communism (5)

A

Shared equally, fair starting points, benefits, corruption, less productive

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7
Q

What were the main parts of Capitalism

A

Meritocratic, allowed to keep assets, inheritance, no government help

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8
Q

What happened in 1917 that led to the formation of communism

A

Russian Revolution led Lenin

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9
Q

What were the 3 conferences and when were they

A

Tehran (1943), Yalta (1945), Potsdam (1945)

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10
Q

What was agreed at the Tehran conference (4)

A

Britain and US to open 2nd front, USSR to wage war with Japan after Germany, UN set up, Poland to be a part of USSR

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11
Q

What was agreed at Yalta (7)

A

Soviet to wage war with Japan after Germany, divide Germany and Berlin into 4 zones, Hunt Nazi war criminals, allow free liberation and elections, join UN, Eastern Europe to be under USSR sphere of influence

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12
Q

What was agreed at Potsdam (7)

A

Germany and Berlin into 4 zones, Germany demilitarised, democracy in Germany, Germany to pay reparations, nazi party banned, participation in UN, polands frontier moved westward

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13
Q

What disagreements were at Potsdam (2)

A

1) Stalin wanted Germany to cripple, Truman refused
2) Truman wanted democracy, Stalin wanted Dictatorship. Truman creates the Truman Doctrine

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14
Q

Who was the British leader at Yalta

A

Attlee

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15
Q

What was the name for people poisoned by the A bomb

A

Hibakusha

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16
Q

When was the Long Telegram

A

Feb 1946

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17
Q

When was the Novikov Telegram

A

Sep 46

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18
Q

What is PINT of P

A

Policy change, International relations, Nature of warfare, Turning point, Prestige

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19
Q

When did Churchill deliver his Iron Curtain speech

A

46

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20
Q

Where was the speech held

A

Fulton

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21
Q

What is the definition of a satellite state

A

Countries who’s government seems independent but are actually controlled by another stronger country

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22
Q

Describe the Truman Doctrine in one word

A

Containment

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23
Q

What was the Marshal Plan

A

The economic aid given to European countries to bribe them out of communism

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24
Q

What was Cominform

A

The Soviet response to the Truman Doctrine

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25
What was Comecon
It was st up by the USSR to control the economies of the satellite states
26
What was the Brain Drain
Clever and well educated East Berliners defecting to West Berlin to be paid and treated better
27
When was Trizonia created
Early 48
28
What date did the Berlin blockade begin
24 June 1948
29
What was formed in response to the blockade
NATO
30
What was the new currency in East Germany
Deutschmark
31
What were the 6 satellite states
Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, East Germany, Czechoslovakia
32
Which 2 countries in Eastern Europe were communist but weren’t satellite states
Yugoslavia and Albania
33
How much more powerful was the H bomb
1000x
34
When was the first H bomb developed
1952
35
When was Sputnik launched
1957
36
When did Yuri Gagarin go to space
1961
37
When was the Tzar bomb detonated
1961
38
What was created in 1955 that was like NATO
The Warsaw Pact
39
When did Stalin die
1953
40
Who was the new leader of the USSR after Stalin
Nikita Khrushchev
41
When was the Hungarian Uprising
1956
42
Who was the Hungarian dictator in 56
Rakosi
43
Who took over from Rakosi
Nagy
44
How was the Hungarian uprising stopped
USSR invaded
45
When did Khrushchev give the Berlin ultimatum
November 1958
46
When was the Vienna summit
1961
47
Who were the two leaders at the Vienna summit
Khrushchev and Kennedy
48
Which country had recently become communist prior to the Vienna Summit
Cuba
49
What date was the Berlin wall formed
13 August 1961
50
How many people died trying to cross the Wall in the first year it was up
42
51
What happened on the 28 October 1961 and where
There was a stand off at checkpoint Charlie
52
What famous phrase did Kennedy say at his speech on the 26 June 1963
‘Ich bin ein Berliner’
53
When did Fidel Castro take control of Cuba
2 January 1959
54
What happened in April 61 that heavily embarrassed America and lead to the missile crisis
Bay of Pigs invasion
55
When were missiles first moved to Cuba
Summer 1962
56
When did Kennedy find out about the missiles in Cuba
14 October
57
When was DEFCON 3 reached
22 October 1962
58
When was DEFCON 2 reached
24 October 1962
59
How was the Cuban Missile Crisis averted
The USSR agreed they would take away their missiles from Cuba if the US removed theirs from Turkey
60
Who ‘won’ the Cuban Missile Crisis
America as it seemed they made no sacrifice and that the USSR removed their missiles as they were scared or America had pushed them too much
61
What was created between the Kremlin and the White House after the Cuban Missile Crisis
The ‘hotline’
62
Who lead Czechoslovakia before the Prague Spring
Novōtny
63
Who took over from Novōtny in 1968
Dubček
64
What reforms did Dubček introduce
People could run their own businesses Freedom of speech and press Free travel Trade
65
What did Dubček promise he would stay a part of
The Warsaw Pact
66
Who became the Soviet leader in 1964
Leonard Brezhnev
67
How was the Prague Spring stopped
Invasion on 20 August 1968
68
Why were people and Soviet soldiers angry after the Prague Spring
As the USSR had said the Czechoslovakian people had asked for the invasion
69
What was the Brezhnev Doctrine and when
November 68- the idea that anyone who tried to make communism look weak in the Warsaw Pact would be invaded and be ‘put right’
70
What was the period of friendlier relations in the 70s known as
Détente
71
What was the Nixon Doctrine
The belief that the US would still be a part of NATO but would not supply troops in foreign affairs
72
What was agreed in Helsinki
Freedom of speech, press religion and movement The West formally recognising the borders of Eastern Europe Closer scientific and economic cooperation
73
Who are dissidents
People objecting to the government
74
When was SALT I signed
1972
75
What was agreed in SALT I
Restriction of anti-ballistic missile sites
76
What agreement had been ‘agreed’ in 1979
SALT II
77
Why was Afghanistan important to the USSR
Geopolitics
78
What was the guerrilla group in Afghanistancalled
Mujahideen
79
On what day did the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan begin
25 December 1979
80
What excuse did Brezhnev give for staying in Afghanistan
The invasion would restore order to an unstable situation
81
Why did Détente end
The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
82
What Olympic Games did 62 countries boycott
Moscow 1980
83
Which Olympic Games did the eastern bloc boycott
LA 1984
84
When did Ronald Reagan come to power
November 1980
85
What type of weapon did Reagan attempt to build
The Neutron Bomb
86
What was the SDI
Aimed to create a system that could detect and destroy incoming missiles using technology
87
When did Gorbachev come to power
1985
88
What was Gorbachevs new ideas
Glasnost and Perestroika
89
What is Glasnost and its aim
Openness. Aimed to end government corruption and freedom
90
What is Perestroika and its aim
Restructuring. Aimed to change the economy and make it stronger
91
Who’s Doctrine was abandoned by Gorbachev
Brezhnev
92
What was agreed at Geneva and when
November 85- both countries agree to reduce supplies by 50%
93
What was agreed in Iceland and when
October 1986- Soviet troops would be removed but SDI wouldn’t be abandoned
94
What was agreed in Washington in 1987 (Cold War)
Both sides would get rid of all their non-long range weapons
95
How many tanks and troops were used to invade Hungary
6k tanks and 200k troops
96
Who was the East German leader who ordered the construction of the wall
Walter Ulbricht

History (12 decks)

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