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US History 2 Final > cold war > Flashcards

cold war Flashcards

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1
Q

foreign policy

A

dictates how a country will act with respedct to other countries politically, socially, economically, and militarily

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2
Q

goal of us foreign policy

A

to promote our own self interests

to create a more secure, democratic, and propserous world for the benefit of the american people and the international community

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3
Q

what countries are we concerned about

A

germany and poland because they’re under russian control

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4
Q

how did the relationship between us and russia switch

A

allies to rivals

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5
Q

ussr

A

union of soviet socialist republics, made up of 15 nations with russia as the central nation

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6
Q

how is germany split

A

us takes germany from the west and russia takes the east

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7
Q

bolshevik revoluton

A

During the Russian Revolution, the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, seized power and destroyed the tradition of czarist rule. The Bolsheviks would later become the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

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8
Q

what is the cold war

A

rivalry between 2 most powerful allies from ww2

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9
Q

when was the cold war

A

1945-1989

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10
Q

when did the ussr dissolve

A

1991

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11
Q

what was the centerpiece of us foreign policy during the this time period

A

russian relations and the cold war

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12
Q

what is A cold war

A

a rivalry fought out diplomatically, economically, propagandistically

they do not directly engage in military combat

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13
Q

why is the cold war cold and not hot

A

because of nuclear weapons, didnt want to start a nuclear war

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14
Q

what are the 2 indirect/proxy wars we fight with russia

A

korea 1950-53
vietnam (french indo china)

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15
Q

roots of the cold war (4)

A
  • ingrained mutual distrust
  • national security
  • conflicting ideologies
  • arms race (nuclear weapons)
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16
Q

socialism states

A

owns production and distribution of goods

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17
Q

why do we care about the russian economy

A

they have a closed market so we can’t trade with tehm

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18
Q

who created communism

A

karl marx

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19
Q

if it’s a perfect world why is communism great

A

because everyone is created equal and there’s a board of people who equally distribute resources to everyone

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20
Q

world revolution

A

once you become communist get the other countries communist so all the countries and eventually the whole world is communist

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21
Q

eastern buffer zone

A

Despite the promises made by Stalin at the Yalta Conference to allow free elections, he had in fact started turning Eastern Europe into a buffer zone. between the USSR and Western Europe. Stalin feared that Eastern Europe could be the doorway for an attack on the USSR by the West

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22
Q

why did stalin feel like he was owed the eastern buffer zone`

A

because he lost 20 mil lives and infrastructure in ww2 vs us lost 400 thousand lives and had no infrastructure damage

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23
Q

what did truman think of the eastern buffer zone

A

despite the inequality in ww2 losses, russia joined the allied forces and agreed to the war aims designed by the us and british consequently

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24
Q

atlantic charter 1941

A

said stuff about uk and us war aims like they were not planning to gain any territory and other stuff like that

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25
yalta conference 1945
the Big Three leaders finalized their plans for defeating Germany and the assigning of Occupation Zones in Germany to be controlled by the victorious powers ❖ The USSR wanted Germany to pay high reparations; Britain and the USA disagreed. ❖ Britain and the USA wanted Germany to recover, whereas the USSR wanted to keep Germany weak
26
self determination
the process by which a country determines its own statehood and forms its own allegiances and government
27
iron curtain speech
kinda a propoganda thing where churchill (good reputability so people believed him) came to us to say that russia and communism bad and were threat to peace and security
28
how did soviet union respond to nato
they created the warsaw pact
29
warsaw pact
The Warsaw Pact provided for a unified military command and the systematic ability to strengthen the Soviet hold over the other participating countries
30
george f kennan
George F. Kennan authored the concept of containment, according to which the United States should "contain" Soviet expansionism but should not use, or threaten to use, force to remove the communist regime worried that soviet union would overthrow some western countries
31
containment
wanted to contain russia's power and the spread of communism
32
how was containment enforced
with nato
33
truman doctrine
we should give support to people threatened by soviets or communism
34
marshall plan
proposed that the United States provide economic assistance to restore the economic infrastructure of postwar Europe
35
nato
north atlantic treaty organization created to provide security against the soviet union
36
what is the order of these three events: nato, truman doctrine, marshall plan
truman doctrine marshall plan nato
37
where was the targeted region of marshall plan
western europe
38
what two countries was truman doctrine geared towards
greece and turkey
39
do we offer the marshall plan to russia
yes and even though they need the money they decline it because of their big fat egos
40
why does russia not agree with the atlantic charter
because they do want to get more land
41
what controversial people to we employ to spy on russia
nazis
42
kgb
like russian cia
43
berlin airlift
airlifting food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in western Germany. The crisis ended on May 12, 1949, when Soviet forces lifted the blockade on land access to western Berlin.
44
mao zedong
communist leader of china
45
what was the berlin airlift in response to
the blockade
46
what side was us backing in korean war
south korea
47
what side was ussr backing in korean war
north korea
48
who did us send to korea
general macarthur, but through nato so not direct involvement
49
who did russia send to korea
russian troops
50
macarthur
the guy who was in korea and kinda made a major oopsies he also put down the bonus march from a wee bit ago
51
what booboo does macarthur make
so we're like winning but macathur is like i'm going up further north and truman is like no hold your ground but he goes anyways, all the way up to the yaloo river and then the chinese are like wtf man and we're pushed right back to the 38th parallel so all of our effeort was wasted
52
truman loyalty program
signed the executive order to root out communists in da govt
53
loyalty review board
A board established under President Truman that investigated government employees and dismissed those who were found to be disloyal to the U.S. government
54
huac
house of unamerican activities committee investigate alleged disloyalty and rebel activities on the part of private citizens, public employees and organizations suspected of having Communist ties
55
subversion
the undermining of the power and authority of an established system or institution.
56
alger hiss and whittaker chambers
Whittaker Chambers, a former US Communist Party member, testified under subpoena before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) that Hiss had secretly been a communist while in federal service. Hiss categorically denied the charge and subsequently sued Chambers for libel hiss was convicted and sent to prison
57
pumpkin papers
so basically alger hiss had handcopied state department documents with important information on them and then whittaker chambers is like they're in a pumpkin and they actually were
58
julius and ethel rosenberg
a married couple that gave russians atomic bomb secrets allegedly. julius most likely did but ethel probably didnt sentenced to death american civilians sentenced to death for espionage
59
what was the effect of the rosenbergs
reinforced the public's fear of communist infiltration
60
who brought down the rosenbergs
her brother greenglass
61
how did conservative politicians use fear of communism to their advantage
painted all social changes as a communist threat
62
what were some things viewed as communist threats
sexual freedom homosexuality civil rights subversive textbooks
63
why were the pumplin papers important to nixon
because he was only a california congressman and this kinda propelled him
64
joseph mccarthy
republican senator from wisconsin who was like i have a list of 205 names of communists in the government and he kinda just ran off that
65
why is wheeling west virginia significant
its where mccarthy had his speech
66
who does mccarthy focus on in his wheeling speech
state department, specifically dean acheson he said employed communists knowingly
67
why was it significant that mccarthy first attacked the state department
because the state department is in charge of foreign policy
68
what is significant about mccarthy's list
205 names but he never releases a single one because my guy is a class act phony
69
mccarthy is a republican, what does his party think of him
they are split majority think he's useful to attack the democrats but some think that he's driving the country apart
70
mccarythyism
baseless accusations targeting high ranking government officials and other americans of conspiracy and communism
71
what was the extent of mccarthy's power at his peak
controlled personnel policy at the state department aka he could get peeps fired
72
how did politicians view mccarthy
they were scared of him because they could lose their jobs and reputation and stuff
73
what did the public think of mccarthy
they approved of his crusade because they thought he was a legit guy
74
what did eisenhower say about mccarthy
nothing. he was silent on mccarthy's irresponsible accusations because he's a moderate bro and appeals to both sides
75
what was the impact of mccarthy's finger pointing
a lot of asian specialists were fired which severely impacted our understanding of policies in relation to the vietnam war
76
1952 presidential election
eisenhower wins by a landslide
77
what mistake did mccarthy make
went after the army
78
army mccarthy hearings
mccarthy the idiot accused the army and so they're at court and everything is televised which makes his downfall much worse
79
fred fischer
the catalyst in maccarthy's downfall in power
80
how did tv impact public's view of mccarthy
they were able to see his callousness first hand
81
what happened to mccarthy
he was censured and later died he tried to continue his anti communist speech but it was to an empty senate
82
censure
express severe disapproval of (someone or something), especially in a formal statement.
83
john foster dulles
secretary of state more assertive us foreign oikicyicy
84
what did john foster dulles think of containment
he thought it was too passive
85
peaceful liberation
us should lead by example to attract nations to democracy and capitalism
86
an example of propoganda
radio free europer
87
3 key things to peaceful liberation
money, protection, propoganda
88
radio free europe
radio broadcasting organization created by the United States government in 1950 to provide information and political commentary to the people of communist eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. In the absence of unbiased media in the communist countries, Radio Free Europe provided its estimated 35 million listeners with news from around the world and, more important, from their own countries. Because of its largely successful efforts to outwit communist censors and reach its listeners on a daily basis, Radio Free Europe is credited with having contributed significantly to the demise of communist regimes throughout eastern Europe.
89
did soviet govt like radio free europe
no they constantly tried to jam it
90
who was in charge of radio free europe
us congress through the cia
91
u2 spy incident
so we have these intelligence planes and pilots are supposed to commit suicide when they know they're going to be caught so all the information stays safe but this one guy doesn't as the ussr gets all this info and it makes us look extra bad because we were like what horrible people you soviets are shooting down this innocent weather plane and the soviets were like my guy we have evidence and then we were like ... anyways
92
khrushchev
in charge after stalin died
93
brinkmanship
if us got face to face with the enemy the us should not flinch, tell other nations to back down or feel the force of our military might. we wanna be more aggressive and shake up the status quo in favor of the west. people scared by our nuclear bombs boom boom
94
what's significant about developing nations
especially in the latin america and africa there are a lot of developing nations who are deciding what model of government they like and the us is like we gotta go in and convince them democracy is just the heehaw so russia doesn't get them
95
domino theory
if us allows a communist nation to turn their neighborr to communism then that country's neighbor will turn and they'll all fall like dominos
96
1960 election
jfk vs nixon kennedy wins electoral map shows jfk had the eastern states and nixon had the western kennedy wins electoral votes
97
impact of tv on the 1960 election
first televised election and 70 mil people tune in 4 million votes are decided by this debate nixon sounds better but kennedy looks better on canera
98
were northern people voting democratic or republican in 1960
democratic
99

US History 2 Final (6 decks)

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