Cold War

Question 1

What were the main purposes of the wartime conferences held by the Allies?

Answer 1

To discuss wartime strategies, devise peaceful post-war settlements, improve collective security measures, and plan the post-war international order.

Question 2

What event in 1946 marked significant discussions about post-war settlements?

Answer 2

The calling of the Paris peace conference.

Question 3

What were the consequences of the wartime conferences among the Allies?

Answer 3

Increased disagreements and distrust among the Allies, leading to the rise of the Cold War.

Question 4

What did the peace treaty with Italy entail?

Answer 4

Ceding of territories to France, Greece, and Yugoslavia, giving up overseas colonies, limitation of armaments, and trials for war criminals.

Question 5

What was the territorial arrangement for Germany post-WWII?

Answer 5

Germany and its capital Berlin were divided and occupied separately by the US, Britain, France, and the USSR.

Question 6

What was the goal of denazification in Germany?

Answer 6

To root out Nazism and reform the education system.

Question 7

What reparations were demanded from Germany?

Answer 7

Reparations in kind, including raw materials and industrial products.

Question 8

What was the Treaty of San Francisco?

Answer 8

A treaty that renounced Japan’s colonial rule over Korea, recognized Korean independence, and returned privileges in China.

Question 9

What significant political change did Austria undergo after WWII?

Answer 9

Austria resumed its sovereignty and became a neutral state.

Question 10

What was one of the major political consequences of the two world wars?

Answer 10

The decline of Europe and the rise of the US as an international leader.

Question 11

Which empires collapsed after WWI?

Answer 11

The Russian, German, Ottoman, and Austro-Hungarian empires.

Question 12

What economic difficulties did France and Britain face after WWII?

Answer 12

Severe economic difficulties, decreased exports, and increased foreign debts.

Question 13

What was the significance of the Cold War?

Answer 13

The division of the world into capitalist and communist blocs, leading to ideological and military confrontations.

Question 14

What was the containment policy implemented by the US?

Answer 14

A strategy to prevent the spread of communism globally.

Question 15

What was the Marshall Plan?

Answer 15

An economic recovery plan proposed by the US to aid Western and Eastern Europe to contain communism.

Question 16

What was the impact of the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 16

Provided military and economic assistance to countries resisting communism, notably Greece and Turkey.

Question 17

What did the Iron Curtain symbolize?

Answer 17

The division between the communist East and the capitalist West during the Cold War.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The _______ was a military alliance formed by the US and its allies during the Cold War.

Answer 18

NATO

Question 19

True or False: The USSR was invited to join the League of Nations after WWI.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What were the two opposing military alliances during the Cold War?

Answer 20

NATO and the Warsaw Pact.

Question 21

What was a major consequence of the Korean War?

Answer 21

It solidified the division of Korea into North and South.

Question 22

What was the significance of the Nuremberg military tribunals?

Answer 22

They held Nazi war criminals accountable for their actions during WWII.

Question 23

What was the primary goal of the United Nations established after WWII?

Answer 23

To maintain world peace and promote international cooperation.

Question 24

What was the US strategy in the Middle East post-WWII?

Answer 24

To extend its sphere of influence and counter the USSR’s influence.

Question 25

What was the outcome of the Greek civil war?

Answer 25

The pro-US government successfully contained the communist insurgency.

Question 26

What was the USSR's response to the US dropping atomic bombs on Japan?

Answer 26

Increased discontent and distrust towards the US.

Question 27

What was the role of propaganda during the Cold War?

Answer 27

To promote each bloc's political ideas and discredit the opposing side.

Question 28

What was one of the main aims of US foreign policy during the Cold War?

Answer 28

To support democratic forces and contain communism.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The _______ was the US intelligence agency formed during the Cold War.

Answer 29

CIA

Question 30

What was the economic impact of the Cold War on the US?

Answer 30

Rapid industrial growth and increased global influence.

Question 31

What was the USSR's approach to industrial development post-WWII?

Answer 31

Focused on heavy industry through five-year plans.

Question 32

What was the main purpose of the Marshall Plan?

Answer 32

Economic recovery in Eastern Europe and Western Europe to contain the spread of communism ## Footnote Proposed by George Marshall, the plan aimed to provide significant economic assistance to both eastern and western European countries.

Question 33

Who proposed the Marshall Plan?

Answer 33

George Marshall ## Footnote He was the US Secretary of State at the time.

Question 34

What was the Molotov Plan?

Answer 34

An economic assistance plan by the USSR for Eastern European countries in response to the Marshall Plan ## Footnote It aimed to strengthen the communist bloc against Western influence.

Question 35

What significant event did the Berlin Blockade lead to?

Answer 35

The Berlin Airlift ## Footnote The US, Britain, and France airlifted supplies to West Berlin after the USSR blocked all land routes.

Question 36

What was the outcome of the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 36

The USSR lifted the blockade after the airlift ## Footnote It solidified the split of Germany into East and West.

Question 37

What was the result of the Chinese Civil War?

Answer 37

The founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and the retreat of the KMT to Taiwan ## Footnote The CPC defeated the KMT to establish communist rule in China.

Question 38

What was the Korean War's impact on the Cold War?

Answer 38

It was the first 'hot war' of the Cold War period, involving direct military conflict ## Footnote It solidified the division of Korea into North and South.

Question 39

What theory did US President Eisenhower introduce in 1953?

Answer 39

The domino theory ## Footnote This theory suggested that the spread of communism in one country could lead to its spread in neighboring countries.

Question 40

What was the Warsaw Pact?

Answer 40

A military alliance formed by the USSR and seven other communist countries in 1955 ## Footnote It was a response to West Germany joining NATO.

Question 41

What incident led to the suspension of the Paris Summit in 1960?

Answer 41

The U-2 incident ## Footnote An American spy plane was shot down over Soviet territory, leading to increased tensions.

Question 42

What was the significance of the construction of the Berlin Wall?

Answer 42

It formally terminated communication between East and West Berlin ## Footnote The wall symbolized the division of Europe during the Cold War.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The Vietnam War led to the realization of the _______.

Answer 43

domino theory ## Footnote It resulted in neighboring countries like Cambodia and Laos becoming communist.

Question 44

What was a major consequence of the Vietnam War for the United States?

Answer 44

Huge deficit and inflation, leading to an economic recession ## Footnote The war caused significant casualties and increased military expenses.

Question 45

What was the US's response towards Taiwan after the establishment of the PRC?

Answer 45

Continual support to the KMT government in Taiwan ## Footnote This included material, financial, and military support.

Question 46

True or False: The US and USSR had a cooperative relationship during the Cold War.

Answer 46

False ## Footnote The Cold War was characterized by rivalry and conflict between the two superpowers.

Question 47

What was the outcome of the Geneva Summit?

Answer 47

No concrete solutions were achieved ## Footnote It was an attempt to break the stalemate between the US and the USSR.

Question 48

What was the impact of the Sino-Soviet treaty of friendship?

Answer 48

Strengthened cooperation between the USSR and the PRC ## Footnote It marked the PRC's adoption of pro-Soviet policies.