Collecting and interpreting data 1: Collecting data

Question 1

Define target population

Answer 1

is all the members of a population you would like to get the information from

Question 2

Define census

Answer 2

is a survey that is carried out every 10 years and gives a picture of all the people and households in England and Wales

Question 3

Define sample

Answer 3

is a small part or quantity which is used to represent the whole population

Question 4

define x̄

Answer 4

sample mean

Question 5

define s

Answer 5

Sample standard deviation

Question 6

Define bias

Answer 6

• is a systematic error
• we would like the sample to be representative of the target population so we need to eliminate bias

Question 7

Define sampling frame

Answer 7

is a list of the target population

Question 8

Types of sampling

Answer 8

• simple random
• stratified
• quota
• systematic
• opportunity
• cluster
• self-selected

Question 9

Describe simple random sampling

Answer 9

every possible sample of given size is equally likely to selected

Question 10

Describe cluster sampling

Answer 10

the target population is divided into naturally occurring subgroups

Question 11

Describe systematic sampling

Answer 11

choose a starting point at random then systematically pick objects at a certain number apart

Question 12

Describe stratified sampling

Answer 12

• the target population is divided into groups based on some characteristic
• these groups are called strata

Question 13

Describe quota sampling

Answer 13

split into strata (groups) as for stratified sampling

Question 14

Describe opportunity sampling

Answer 14

• uses people from the target population available at the time and willing to take part
• opportunity sample is obtained by asking members of the population if they would like to take part in your research

Question 15

Describe self-selecting sampling

Answer 15

• is when the individuals have volunteered to take part in the survey
• sample of people have chosen to be in the sample