Collectivisation

Question 1

What is another name for collectivisation?

Answer 1

The great turn

Question 2

Define Sovkhozy

Answer 2

a state farm

Question 3

define Kolkhozy

Answer 3

Collective farm

Question 4

what is Symchka

Answer 4

“collaboration in society”

Question 5

Give the 6 reasons why Stalin introduced collectivisation

Answer 5

1. soviet agriculture was backwards
2. food was needed for the workers in the towns
3. NEP was failing
4. town workers were needed
5. cash crops were needed
6. kulaks opposed communism

Question 6

why did kulaks oppose communism?

Answer 6

the liked their private wealth and led peasant opinion

Question 7

How was soviet agriculture backwards?

Answer 7

it was old fashioned and inefficient

Question 8

How was NEP failing? give a statistic

Answer 8

by 1928 the USSR was 20 million tonnes of grain short to feed the towns

Question 9

Why were cash crops needed?

Answer 9

the USSR needed cash crops in order to export them and raise money to but foreign machinery and expertise

Question 10

What was stalin’s economic motivation for collectivisation?

Answer 10

Industry

Question 11

what was stalin’s ideological motivation for collectivisation?

Answer 11

Extending socialism

Question 12

what was Stalin’s political motivation for collectivisation

Answer 12

it was a method of social control

Question 13

What were the significance of the 1927, 1928 and 1929 harvests?

Answer 13

they were poor and the decrease in production forced the prices up

Question 14

how did collectivisation increase efficiency?

Answer 14

it could be accompanied by mechanisation and meant fewer people would need to work on farms meaning there would be extra manpower for industry

Question 15

when were the bad harvests?

Answer 15

1927, 1928 and 1929

Question 16

in terms of ideological factors, what had communism done little to change?

Answer 16

Russian agriculture

Question 17

how had communism done little to change Russian agriculture?

Answer 17

peasants were still using traditional farming techniques and were still only providing for themselves

Question 18

give 2 ways in which political factors motivated stalin to introduce collectivisation

Answer 18

1. the radical nature of collectivisation appealed to the left wing of the party
2. it was more appealing to introduce collectivisation than import grain

Question 19

When was the Grain Procurement Crisis ?

Answer 19

1927 to 1929

Question 20

What was the Grain procurement crisis the catalyst for?

Answer 20

the end of NEP and beginning of collectivisation

Question 21

what did Stalin call the grain procurement crisis?

Answer 21

the “kulak grain strike”

Question 22

what two things did the grain procurement crisis illustrate to Stalin?

Answer 22

that the peasants could effectively hold the government to ransom and slow down industrialisation

the peasant ideology was capitalist and conflicted with the government