Collectivisation Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is another name for collectivisation?
The great turn
Define Sovkhozy
a state farm
define Kolkhozy
Collective farm
what is Symchka
“collaboration in society”
Give the 6 reasons why Stalin introduced collectivisation
- soviet agriculture was backwards
- food was needed for the workers in the towns
- NEP was failing
- town workers were needed
- cash crops were needed
- kulaks opposed communism
why did kulaks oppose communism?
the liked their private wealth and led peasant opinion
How was soviet agriculture backwards?
it was old fashioned and inefficient
How was NEP failing? give a statistic
by 1928 the USSR was 20 million tonnes of grain short to feed the towns
Why were cash crops needed?
the USSR needed cash crops in order to export them and raise money to but foreign machinery and expertise
What was stalin’s economic motivation for collectivisation?
Industry
what was stalin’s ideological motivation for collectivisation?
Extending socialism
what was Stalin’s political motivation for collectivisation
it was a method of social control
What were the significance of the 1927, 1928 and 1929 harvests?
they were poor and the decrease in production forced the prices up
how did collectivisation increase efficiency?
it could be accompanied by mechanisation and meant fewer people would need to work on farms meaning there would be extra manpower for industry
when were the bad harvests?
1927, 1928 and 1929
in terms of ideological factors, what had communism done little to change?
Russian agriculture
how had communism done little to change Russian agriculture?
peasants were still using traditional farming techniques and were still only providing for themselves
give 2 ways in which political factors motivated stalin to introduce collectivisation
- the radical nature of collectivisation appealed to the left wing of the party
- it was more appealing to introduce collectivisation than import grain
When was the Grain Procurement Crisis ?
1927 to 1929
What was the Grain procurement crisis the catalyst for?
the end of NEP and beginning of collectivisation
what did Stalin call the grain procurement crisis?
the “kulak grain strike”
what two things did the grain procurement crisis illustrate to Stalin?
that the peasants could effectively hold the government to ransom and slow down industrialisation
the peasant ideology was capitalist and conflicted with the government
