Colonial Colonization Flashcards
(153 cards)
0
Q
Native American rituals and ceremonies frequently refer to and/or reenact
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Myths
1
Q
In NA, culture myths play the role of
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Articulating religious experience and organizing ethical, moral, and social behavior
2
Q
Myths also have an
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Educational function
3
Q
Myths might be best understood as resembling
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Dramatic performances
4
Q
The performance of oral literature can be expected to vary with the
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Narrator, audience, setting, and time period
5
Q
The Eskimo creation account mostly likely came from the
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Bering Strait
6
Q
The heart of her Bering Sea Eskimo Life and culture was
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Spiritual transformation with his maker, Raven
7
Q
Man needed to deal respectfully with
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Animals and objects so as not to displease their inuas
8
Q
What’s the story of The Time There Was No People on the Earth plain?
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Man comes up from the pea pod, drank some water because of his stomach, raven comes up in the form of a man, and tells him to go to the high ground, gave him some berries, used clay to form mountain sheep, man cries out for pleasure, put on the high cliffs, so the mountain sheep couldn’t be found or killed, tame reindeer scare, wild reindeer plentiful, and raven gave man a companion women, raven continues for several days teaching them about the animals
9
Q
Seneca belonged to the
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Iroquois confederacy
10
Q
The Story telling Stone
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Payeshaon grew up to be a hunter and returned the birds to his mother, then a stone talks to him and tells him stories at the cost of his birds, women wonders why he doesn’t come with so many birds, advisor comes and hears the stories with Poyeshaon, two more come, and then whole village. Finish stories, tell the among generations, Seneca- people of the stone
11
Q
Skraeling means
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Savage or barbarians
12
Q
What did Throvland want to call this new land?
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Kjalarness
13
Q
The savages then started shooting at them after they fall asleep, and
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Throvland gets shot and land to be called Krossaness
14
Q
The best known eyewitness of the expedition is made by
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Bernal Díaz
15
Q
Motezuma was both
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Astonished and terrified by their report, and the description of food astonished them
16
Q
What was their description of a cannon?
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A ball of stone comes out of its entrails, it comes out with sparks and raining fire
17
Q
Their dogs are …
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Enormous with flat ears and long tongues. The color of their eyes was a burning yellow
18
Q
The Aztecs were conquered by
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Despair
19
Q
What was the point of firing the cannon?
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To show how powerful they were
20
Q
In order that they should see the shot, Cortés pretended that he
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Wished to speak to them and some other chiefs again, just before the cannon was fired
21
Q
Why did then want to see the helmet?
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So they could put on the head of their god Huichilobos
22
Q
Tendile was the most
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Active of Motezuma’s servants. Cortés belongings astonished him
23
Q
What is the Book of Chilam Balan of Chumayel?
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It says there was once no sin, and once the Europeans arrived, and at their death, everything shall be revealed
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Who was Doña Maria?
She was the translator who proved invaluable to the conquerers. She also said that Cortès might be their returning God Quetzalcoatl.
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What was the plan for the Spanish's enemies?
That the Mexicans and Cholulans would attack the Spanish that night, and none should be left alive except those taken blind to Mexico.
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For now, as you see, the Spaniards (demons)
Are on the watch, and would hear us
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The captain ordered the old women to be
Brought before them, questioned her about these acts of treason, and she told the same exact story as the papas. She could then not escape
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Giovanni de Verrazono met with the
Wampanoags
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Once the Indians saw the dazzling items of the Europeans,
They let out a loud cry in which to show they were joyful, we threw little trinkets, who they laughed at, and cane on board ship
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The Native Americans, according to Verrazono, were the
Most beautiful and have the most civil customs, they are bronze color, their eyes are black and alert. The women were shapely and beautiful, their customs and behavior followed womanly custom as far as befits human nature
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What are the colors that the Indians worship?
Red and blue, and vote gold as one of the most worthless, they prized copper, and were most iterated in little bells, blue crystals, and to put around the ear and neck
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The Indians did not posses any of the
True metals, steel and iron, they merely examined the workmanship
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They are very generous
For what they have and made Great friends with them. They painted their faces as a sign of happiness and brought us some of their food
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After Estevan has left the friars, he
Tried to get all the fame and reputation himself, for if he discovered those famous settlements, he would be considered bold and courageous
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But the people in the country were much more intelligent than
The ones following Extevan
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For three days, Estevan was questioned and how did it turn out?
Estevan started talking how he was sent by a great lord, who knew about the things in the sky, and how they were coming to instruct him in a divine manner made them think he must be a spy from a nation who wished to conquer them, they thought it was unreasonable to say that his people were white, he being black
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They thought it was tough for Estevan to ask him for turquoises and women, so they
Decided to kill him
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The friars were told about the sad news and, they
Were so frightened that they would not trust even the people who went with him
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They returned from here by double
Marches, without seeing anymore of the country except what the Indians told them
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A brief and true report of the new found land of Virginia is the
First published book about A Erica written in English, by and English eyewitness
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When we left the town,the people began
To die very fast and many in a short space
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The Indians were persuaded that their deaths were
The result of Our God that we will kill them who were defenseless
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The Indians could not tell if they were
Gods or men
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What were the invisible bullets?
Supposedly invisible marks that the English used to kill the Indians for God. (Disease)
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The first information of Christopher Columbus's voyages come from
Bartolome de Las Casas
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The second voyage proved
Economically disastrous as there was no food or silver
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What was supposedly on the top of the pear shaped earth?
The Garden of Eden
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The Indians were a people who could better be
Freed and converted to the Holy Faith by love than by force.
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The Indians traded everything they had with
Good will, but these people were poor in everything.
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The Indians cut themselves through
Ignorance
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They believed they would easily become Christians as they seemed
To belong to no religion
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What is the important with (wonderfully made)?
They were wonderfully made because they could stick in one piece, as the Indians inability to stick in one piece proves to be on of their greatest weaknesses
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Why were the Indians giving thanks to God?
They brought the Europeans goods, and it seemed they had come from the sky
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What was the reception of the voyages by the people of the Canary Islands?
They were firing cannons of joy,
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Why was the first called Santo Domingo?
Because it was discovered on The Lord's Day
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The second island was named
Santa Maria la Gallante, out of love for his ship
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The men were unable to find their way in the woods because
The forests were so thick
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The 200 men returned with great difficultly and
The men were assumed dead. Fire was found, and old lays shows way back with gestures
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The genital member was cut off to their belly because
To keep them from mixing with their women it at least to fatten them up and then eat them
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The island of the cannibals was called
Santa Maria di Guadolope.
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The girls and boys were picked
So that they can be an exhibit to Spai.
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Because these islands were closely adjourning, the admiral called them
The Eleven Thousand Virgins, because the Cannibals had abandoned their houses, Santa Croce
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One Cannibal was wounded, playing dead. When the Europeans saw him swimming away,
Hit him with a long hook, and then cut his head off with an axe
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At the end, Christopher Columbus and a Cannibal girl
Got along so well (in sexual matters) it seemed she had studied at a school for whores
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Cape of the Arrow because
Of the man who was killed by the arrow
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What happened to the 38 men who were sent out?
Found dead with their eyes plucked out
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Because of the strangeness of the North Star,
This little space the sky changes so much
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Why did Columbus think that the world wasn't spherical?
Eclipses of the moon are made from right to left, while the elevation of the North Star was north to south
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Christopher believes that the claims of Ptolmely are incorrect because
They has no information of the other hemisphere
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Because of the very mild temperatures,
He asserted that the land was closer to the sky and not spherical
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Holy Scripture testifies that
The Lord created the Terrestrial Paradise , planted the tree of life, and that a fountain sprang upon it, the four major rivers were created (Ganges, Tigris, Euphrates, and the Nile)
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Others have found that
There in no evidence that they are higher in the sky. It was understood it was there and the waters of the flood has penetrates them
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English colonists reluctantly followed the rules of the Virginia royal counci to
To crown Powhatan a subject king to James I as a gesture of recognition, friendship, and peace. Powhatan refused and this started a bad relationship with the Algonquians and English
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Powhatan rebukes Smith for what?
To conquer more than to trade, and for their excess in dealing with the Native Americans
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Smith's best estimate of
What Powhatan said, or what he hoped he had said
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What did the Letter to John Smith say!
Why should you destroy us when we gave you food? You must come in a friendly manner, and not with swords and guns, to invade an enemy. Guns and swords are the causes of all our jealously and uneasiness
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John Smith tried to keep a
Quarrelsome and inept party I raft
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For the country to them was
Misery, a ruin, a death, a hell
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Smith's failure to mention this dramatic episode of Pocahontas
As a mere fabricated afterthought. Wanted to omit any material that might scare colonists
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The barbarians kept him prisoner and
The savages admired him for than their belonging
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What did they give Opechancanough?
A round ivory compass. When they demonstrates such things as the roundness of the earth, and the sun chased around the earth continually, they all stood amazed
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They tied him to a tree, prepared to shoot him, and
Remembering the compass, they all laid down their bows and arrows
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To defend Smith from the cold, in requital of some beads and toys, gave him
His gown
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In part of a book, John Smith wrote that without fail
Send him things he wrote for, and an inventory with him
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The circle of meal signified their
Country
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The circles of corn the
The bounds of the sea
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And the sticks
His country
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Powhatan, having disguised himself in the most
Fearfulest manner, brought forth to a great house in the woods and left by the fire to be alon
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Powhatan, more like a devil than a man,
Came unto him and told him ow they were friends
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But divine God had
Mollified the hearts of those stern barbarians
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John Smith shall not want
Employment in these affairs, and hoping that gain will affect which religion, charity and the common good can not
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For I am not so simple to think that every any motive than
Wealth will ever make the New Englanders to stay
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Here nature and liberty
Afford us that freely in which in England we want
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Their labors in their qualities, may be as profitable
Because there is a necessary mutual use of all.
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Fatherless children and young couples to
By their labor live exceedingly well
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It most necessary to have a
Fortress and sufficient masters to teach the apprentices
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Their masters may quickly grow rich,
These apprentices to do the like, and an incredible benefit for king and country, master and servant
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What was the Civil Body Politic?
The better ordering of fair laws and offices, they will do good for the benefit of the colony, in which they promise all submission and obedience
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What caused the wipe out of many colonists?
Scurvy and other diseases caused by e long voyage and their bad condition
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There were only six or seven
Who cared for the sick
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Who were two of the seven!
William Brewster and Myles Standish
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What was another problem besides disease?
They started to desert each other
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He would of seen him choked before
He made any more meat
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According to Bradford, every time they approached the Indians they would
Run away
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What was the piece with Squanto?
They should not injure each other the offenders will be punished, when they confronted each other, no violence allowed
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Squanto was
Special instrument sent by God for their good beyond expectation
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Who were the Pocanockets?
They had an inveterate malice towards the English, and more powerful than the savages
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What does the people demand from Pockanocket.
The richest soil and much open ground fit for English grain
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It pleased God the mortality began to
Cease amongst them, the sick recovered
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Winthrop began to consider emigration to the New World when
Political and religious conditions worsened in England
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Openly a Puritan, Winthrop lost his
Attorneyship
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It was imperative that the settlers form a commonwealth
For the mutual benefit for all, and their society will be able or withstand the scrutiny of a watchful world
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What was their purpose?
To do justify, to love mercy, to walk humbly with our God
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Anne Bradstreet became the first significant poet because she
Captured the essence life of a Puritan and as a women under colonial conditions
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Anne Bradstreet's mind was sharpened because she
Listened to household debates and discussions of a distinguished company of Puritan intellectuals in the thick of religious controversy
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Because of her housework relocations and the fact she needed to help her children makes
It astonishing that Bradstreet could write poetry at all
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The first group of Bradstreet's writings are
Scholarly and monumental and concerns such subjects as the four elements and the four humors
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The second group of Bradstreet is
That they convey her feelings about personal life in New England
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My obscure lines should not
Dim their worth
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What does the prologue by Bradstreet explain?
That as a women she probably has more important things to do, but her lines would not dim
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The world no longer let my love,
My hope and treasure lies above
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What are some explanations of witchcraft?
Economic motivations, financial insecurity, tensions within the Puritan community, as if one neighbor refused to serve another, accused of being a witch
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What context must be understood about the witchcraft trials?
That Satan sustained against his ungodly souls of the righteous
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Tituba confessed-
The devil came inside me and bid me to serve him
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What were the two points to convict witches!
Have ordinary spirit which appeared to them and wanted to christen them and some sort of Mark on their body, sometimes insensible
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What did the white cat want!
Should destroy many of his neighbors, and also they should kill a man
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What did Agnes Brown remember about her mother?
She went up and down the house calling Satan. A black dog cane and said he will have her body and soul
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What did young people do!
They did practices against The Lord, and practice with spells and other implements
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Why were some people arrested?
Because of physical marks that were supposedly inflicted from the demons of the invisible world
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What was the book?
Something they signed to be in service with the devil
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The demons would cover the most corporeal things in the world with a
Fascinating mist of invisibility
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The spectres were urging the to subscribe with their
Covenant of death
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The marks were stigmatized with them, that they
Will bear the marks until their dying day
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It would scare ever possible to convict a witch because they
Had some schemes of witchcraft which further supported them in their opinion
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Satan can take over us and we should not
Be ignorant of his devices
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It was impossible to penetrate into the whole
Meaning of why the things happened
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Giles Corey was pressed to death for
Staying mute
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I will pray to God that
The assemblies shall be blessed, and save New England from the enemies of witchcraft
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Because of all the witchcraft,
Many defended themselves from the temptation of sin
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Hutchinson is a martyr to the cause of
Freedom and religious rights
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Hutchinson put herself in the middle of the theological controversy that concerned the part human beings could
Play in preparing their hearts to receive God's grace
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Hutchinson also claimed that she received
Direct revelations from the Holy Spirit
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What was the stillborn child referred as
Devil
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Narrative was
Religious in purpose, as God would test them but ultimately redeem us
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Rowaldson's captivity seemed to be a
Reenactment of the colonists' mission towards salvation
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The Narrative is an antecedent in
Which nationalism and individualism
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If matrimony was dissolved the NAs could
Marry again
148
What is accounted as the most unpardonable of all crimes?
Infediltiy
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The manner of the Indians in which they treat their children is very strange as
They don't keep them warm at birth, but instead they dip them in cold water
150
Their chimney is
A little hole on top of their house , as they did little to keep the smoke from coming to the roof
151
Roger Williams learned the
Indian languages
152
The wars of the Indians are
Everlasting, without any peace, and any party will march a thousand miles to get revenge on their enemies
