Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiological optics and Binocular Vision > COLOR VISION > Flashcards

COLOR VISION Flashcards

(87 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

that aspect of things that is caused by differing qualities of the light reflected or emitted by an object, definable in terms of the observer.

A

Colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

-Science of Color
-the perception of color by the human eye and brain, the origin of color in
materials, and the physics of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range

A

Chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

range of wavelength in which the human eye can perceive

A

within 390 nm to 700 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a color that is evoked by a single wavelength of light in the visible spectrum,
or by a relatively narrow band of wavelengths

A

Spectral Colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a process that allows the brain to recognize a familiar object as being consistent color regardless of the amount of light reflecting from it at a given moment

A

Color constancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

He suggests that both the eye and the brain are involve in
color constancy

A

Edwin H Land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The ability of the human eye to distinguish colors is based upon the varying sensitivity of
photoreceptors in the retina particularly the cones to light of different wavelengths.

A

Trichromatic Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Found the Trichromatic Theory

A

Thomas young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most responsive to light that we perceive as blue
or blue-violet, with wavelengths around 450 nm

A

Short-wavelength cones, S cones, or blue cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

most sensitive to light perceived as green,
with wavelengths around 540 nm

A

middle-wavelength cones, M cones, or green cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most sensitive with wavelengths around
570 nm.

A

long-wavelength cones, L cones, or red cones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

values in which For each location in the visual field, the three types of cones yield three signals based on the
extent to which each is stimulated.

A

tristimulus values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

region of luminance levels and color temperatures that is considered pleasing

A

middle region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

region of luminance levels and color temperatures that is considered cold and dim

A

lower region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

region of luminance levels and color temperatures that are warm and colorful

A

upper region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

As luminance decreases, the visual system switches from cone-dominated vision to rod-
dominated

A

purkinje phenomenon/effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the ability to discriminate light on the basis of wavelength composition

A

COLOR VISION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Theory that says the retina has 3 types of cones responsible for color vision
each cone is named according to the wavelength they are sensitive with

A

TRICHROMACY THEORY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Reduced or complete loss of color discrimination

A

ACHROMATOPSIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  • perceive everything just in shades of gray
  • more commonly referred to as total color blindness
A

Monochromacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the condition of having only a single type of cone in the retina

(incomplete achromatopsia)

A

Cone monochromacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

all types of cones are either non functional or missing

(complete achromatopsia)

A

Rod monochromacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

symptoms of rod monochromacy

A
  • completely unable to distinguish colors
  • reduced VA
  • Hemeralopia (severe light sensitivity)
  • nystagmus
  • central scotoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

an uknown number of women may perceive millions of colors invisible to the rest of us

A

Tetrachromacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
theory suggests that there are three opponent channels: red versus green, blue versus yellow, and black versus white
Opponent theory of colors
26
Japanese ophthalmologist who created the Ishihara color test to detect colour blindness.
Dr. Shinobu Ishihara
27
in this ishihara plate, individuals with color vision defect should see a different figure from individuals with color vision
Transformation plates
28
in this ishihara plate, only individuals with normal color vision could recognize the figure
Vanishing plates
29
in this ishihara plate, only individuals with **color vision defec**t could recognize the figure
Hidden digit plates
30
in this ishihara plate, intended to determine the type of color vision defect and the severity of it
Diagnostic plates
31
this test was first produced in 1954 and can be used to classify all 3 different forms of color vision deficiency
Hardy-Rand-Rittler test
32
* test to classify color vision defects by using a set of discs * each set contains a reference disc and 15 numbered discs which make up an incomplete color circle
Farnsworth d15 Dichotomous test
33
* accomplished by the arrangement of unsaturated colored discs * this test is not appropriate for patients who already failed the Farnsworth D15 test * specially designed to simulate signals and are most often used as vocational test * allows testing the required ability of patients directly * they have high practical value * it doesn't reveal the nature and severity of the color vision defect
Lanthony Desaturated D15
34
* this lantern includes two different green, two red and a white light * lights are show in pairs of two, low or high brightness, either vertically or horizontally aligned * the test person is asked to name the colors
Holmes-wright Lanterns
35
* the standard test in the US. * specially designed to pass people with mild form of color vision deficiency
Farnsworth Lantern (Falant)
36
provides the most accurate way to test the severity of color blindness and distinguish between dichromats and anomalous trichromats
Anomaloscope
37
test wherein a mixture of red and green light sources has to be matched with a yellow light source
Rayleigh Match
38
(blue-green) to test for tritan defects
Moreland Match
39
channels of opponent theory of colors
* red-green channel * blue-yellow channel * black-white channel
40
perceiving letters or numbers leads to experience of seeing colors
grapheme-color synesthesia
41
hearing musical sounds will lead to the unusual additional experiences of seeing colors
music-color synesthesia
42
• Is the first and fundamental quality of all colors • Determined by the wavelength and therefore gives rise to the characteristic series of sensation when we view the specturm
Hue or Tone
43
In the Solar Spectrum, there are a number of Dark Lines known as the?
FRAUNHOFER Lines
44
the minimum stimulus necessary to cause a sensation of lights (or the minimum visible of scotopic vision) is called?
GENERAL OR ACHROMATIC LIGHT THRESHOLD
45
the minimum intensity of light which is needed to make the color discernable is known as the
SPECIFIC OR CHROMATIC LIGHT THRESHOLD.
46
the interval between achromatic and chromatic light threshold is called the?
PHOTOCHROMATIC INTERVAL
47
* purity of colors * freedom from a mixture with light *
Saturation
48
term used to describe **color that is less than saturated**, color that has been dulled down.
desaturated color
49
color that contains one wavelength of high intensity
Saturated color
50
* is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiation or reflecting light * luminance
Brightness
51
* mixing of colors generally involves mixing colors of light * in the absence of color results to black * if all three primary colors are present the result is white * used in television and computer monitors to produce a wide range of colors using only three primary colors
Additive color mixing
52
* done by selectively removing certain colors * the absence of color is white and the presence of all three primary colors is black * used to create a variety of colors when printing on paper by combining a small number of ink colors, and also when painting
Subtractive color mixing
53
numbers of rods in eye
130 million
54
numbers of cones in eye
6-7 million
55
visual cell wherein pick of absorption is more on longer wavelength
cones
56
visual cell wherein pick of absorption is more on the shorter wavelength
Rods
57
damage in this area caused yellow-blue anomalies
Lesion in Choroid
58
damage in this area caused yellow-blue and red-green anomalies
Lesion in the Retina
59
damage in this area caused red-green anomalies
Lesion in optic nerve
60
Tests for color vision
* Pseudo-isochromatic plates * arrangement tests * Lantern tests * anomaloscope
61
other term for rhodopsin
Visual Purple
62
other term for photopsin
Visual yellow or iodopsin
63
the observer perceives apple as red because?
* erythrolabe are stimulated * blue and green are absorbed
64
a green mango is perceived green because?
chlorolabe are stimulated
65
an observer perceives the sky blue because?
cyanolabe are stimulated
66
using the additive method of color mixing, red + green results to?
yellow
67
using the additive color mixing, green + blue results to?
cyan
68
using the additive method of color mixing, red + blue + green results to?
white
69
when the blue-yellow compound undergo anabolic change, the result is?
blue
70
when the red-green compound undergo anabolic change, the result is?
green
71
when the black-white compound undergo anabolic change, the result is?
black
72
using the subtractive method of color mixing, yellow + magenta results to?
red
73
using the subtractive method of color mixing, cyan + yellow results to?
green
74
using the subtractive method of color mixing, cyan + magenta results to?
blue
75
when the blue-yellow compound undergo ketabolic change, the result is?
yellow
76
when the black-white compound undergo ketabolic change, the result is?
white
77
when the red-green compound undergo ketabolic change, the result is?
red
78
if light stimulates erythrolabe, the resulting sensation is?
red
79
if light stimulates chlorolabe, the resulting sensation is?
green
80
if light stimulates cyanolabe, the resulting sensation is?
blue
81
physiological method of color mixing is based upon?
Positive and Negative AFTER IMAGE
82
this color characteristic refers to its purity
hue
83
this color characteristic refers to its luminosity
Intensity
84
in the COLOR WHEEL, combining red and yellow will result to?
Orange
85
in the color wheel, combining yellow and blue results to?
green
86
in the COLOR WHEEL, combining red and blue will result to?
violet
87
Tertiary color is
mixture of 1 primary and 1 secondary colors

Physiological optics and Binocular Vision (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions