Combining Forms: A - L Flashcards
1
Q
abdomin/o
A
abdomen
2
Q
abort/o
A
premature expulsion of a nonviable fetus
3
Q
abrad/o, abras/o
A
rub or scrape off
4
Q
abrupt/o
A
broken away from
5
Q
abscess/o
A
collection of pus, going away
6
Q
absorpt/o
A
suck up, suck in
7
Q
acanth/o
A
spiny, thorny
8
Q
acetabul/o
A
acetabulum (hip socket)
9
Q
acne/o
A
point or peak
10
Q
acous/o, acoust/o
A
hearing, sound
11
Q
acquir/o
A
get, obtain
12
Q
acr/o
A
extremities (hands and feet), top, extreme point
13
Q
acromi/o
A
acromion, point of shoulder blade
14
Q
actin/o
A
light
15
Q
acu/o
A
sharp, severe, sudden
16
Q
acuit/o, acut/o
A
sharp, sharpness
17
Q
acust/o
A
hearing, sense of hearing
18
Q
aden/o
A
gland
19
Q
adenoid/o
A
adenoids
20
Q
adhes/o
A
stick to, cling to
21
Q
adip/o
A
fat
22
Q
adnex/o
A
bound to
23
Q
adren/o, adrenal/o
A
adrenal glands
24
Q
aer/o
A
air, gas
25
aesthet/o
sensation, sense of perception
26
affect/o
exert influence on
27
agglutin/o
clumping, stick together
28
aggress/o
attack, step forward
29
agor/a
marketplace
30
alb/i, alb/o, albin/o
white
31
albumin/o
albumin, protein
32
alg/e, algi/o, alg/o, algesi/o
relationship to pain
33
align/o
bring into line or correct position
34
aliment/o
to nourish
35
all/o
other, different from normal, reversal
36
alopec/o
baldness, mangy
37
alveol/o
alveolus, air sac, small sac
38
ambly/o
dull, dim
39
ambul/o, ambulat/o
walk
40
ametr/o
out of proportion
41
amni/o
amnion, fetal membrane
42
amput/o, amputat/o
cut away, cut off a part of the body
43
amyl/o
starch
44
an/o
anus, ring
45
andr/o
male, masculine
46
aneurysm/o
aneurysm
47
angi/o
blood or lymph vessel
48
angin/o
angina, choking, strangling
49
anis/o
unequal
50
ankyl/o
crooked, bent, stiff
51
anomal/o
irregularity
52
anter/o
before, front
53
anthrac/o
coal, coal dust
54
anxi/o, anxiet/o
anxiety, anxious, uneasy
55
aort/o
aorta
56
aphth/o
ulcer
57
apic/o
apex
58
aplast/o
defective development, lack of development
59
aponeur/o
aponeurosis (type of tendon)
60
apoplect/o
a stroke
61
append/o, appendic/o
appendix
62
aqu/i, aqu/o, aque/o
water
63
arachn/o
spiderweb, spider
64
arc/o
bow, arc, or arch
65
areat/o
occuring in patches or circumscribed areas
66
areol/o
little open space
67
arrect/o
upright, lifted up, raised
68
arter/o, arteri/o
artery
69
arthr/o
joint
70
articul/o
joint
71
asbest/o
asbestos
72
aspir/o, aspirat/o
to breathe in
73
asthmat/o
gasping, choking
74
astr/o
star, star-shaped
75
atel/o
incomplete, imperfect
76
ather/o
plaque, fatty substance
77
athet/o
uncontrolled
78
atop/o
strange, out of place
79
atres/i
without an opening
80
atri/o
atrium
81
attenuat/o
diluted, weakened
82
audi/o, audit/o
ear, hearing, the sense of hearing
83
aur/i, aur/o
ear, hearing
84
auscult/a, auscult/o
listen
85
aut/o
self
86
ax/o
axis, main stem
87
axill/o
armpit
88
bacill/o
rod-shaped bacterium
89
bacteri/o
bacteria
90
balan/o
glans penis
91
bar/o
pressure, weight
92
bartholin/o
bartholin's gland
93
bas/o
base, opposite of acid
94
bi/o
life
95
bifid/o
split, divided into two parts
96
bifurcat/o
divide or fork into two branches
97
bil/i
bile, gall
98
bilirubin/o
bilirubin
99
blephar/o
eyelid
100
borborygm/o
rumbling sound
101
brachi/o
arm
102
brev/i, brev/o
short
103
bronch/i, bronchi/o, bronch/o
bronchial tube, bronchus
104
bronchiol/o
bronchiole, bronchiolus
105
brux/o
grind
106
bucc/o
cheek
107
burs/o
bursa, sac of fluid near joint
108
cadaver/o
dead body, corpse
109
calcane/o
calcaneus, heel bone
110
calc/i
calcium, lime, the heel
111
calc/i, calc/o
calcium
112
calcul/o
stone, little stone
113
cali/o, calic/o
cup, callyx
114
call/i, callos/o
hard, hardened and thickened
115
calor/i
heat
116
canalicul/o
little canal or duct
117
canth/o
corner of the eye
118
capill/o
hair
119
capit/o
head
120
capn/o
carbon dioxide, sooty or smoky appearance
121
capsul/o
little box
122
carb/o
carbon
123
carbuncl/o
carbuncle
124
carcin/o
cancerous
125
cardi/o, card/o
heart
126
cari/o
rottenness, decay
127
carot/o
stupor, sleep
128
carp/o
wrist bones
129
cartilag/o
cartilage, gristle
130
caruncul/o
bit of flesh
131
catabol/o
a breaking down
132
cathart/o
cleansing, purging
133
cathet/o
insert, send down
134
caud/o
lower part of body, tail
135
caus/o, caust/o
burning, burn
136
cauter/o, caut/o
heat, burn
137
cav/i, cav/o
hollow, cave
138
cavern/o
containing hollow spaces
139
cec/o
cecum
140
celi/o, cel/o
abdomen, belly
141
cement/o
cementum, a rough stone
142
cephal/o
head
143
cerebell/o
cerebellum
144
cerebr/o
cerebrum, brain
145
cerumin/o
cerumen, earwax
146
cervic/o
neck, cervix (neck of uterus)
147
cheil/o
lip or lips
148
cheir/o
hand
149
chem/i, chem/o, chemic/o
drug, chemical
150
chir/o
hand
151
chlor/o
green
152
chlorhydr/o
hydrochloric acid
153
chol/e
bile, gall
154
cholangi/o
bile duct
155
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
156
choledoch/o
common bile duct
157
cholesterol/o
cholesterol
158
chondr/i, chondr/o
cartilage
159
chord/o
spinal cord, cord
160
chori/o, chorion/o
chorion, membrane
161
choroid/o
choroid layer of eye
162
chrom/o, chromat/o
color
163
chron/o
time
164
chym/o
to pour, juice
165
cib/o
meal
166
cicatric/o
scar
167
cili/o
eyelashes, microscopic hair-like projections
168
circ/i
ring or circle
169
circulat/o
circulate, go around in a circle
170
circumcis/o
cutting around
171
circumscrib/o
confined, limited space
172
cirrh/o
orange-yellow, tawny
173
cis/o
cut
174
claudicat/o
limping
175
claustr/o
barrier
176
clav/i
key
177
clavicul/o, cleid/o
clavicle, collar bone
178
clitor/o
clitoris
179
clus/o
shut or close
180
coagul/o, coagulat/o
clotting, coagulation
181
coarct/o, coarctat/o
press together, narrow
182
cocc/i, cocc/o
spherical bacteria
183
coccyg/o
coccyx, tailbone
184
cochle/o
spiral, snail, snail shell
185
coher/o, cohes/o
cling, stick together
186
coit/o
a coming together
187
col/o
colon, large intestine
188
colp/o
vagina
189
column/o
pillar
190
comat/o
deep sleep
191
comminut/o
break into pieces
192
communic/o
share, to make common
193
compatibil/o
sympathize with
194
concav/o
hollow
195
concentr/o
condense, intensify, remove excess water
196
concept/o
become pregnant
197
conch/o
shell
198
concuss/o
shaken, together, violently agitated
199
condyl/o
knuckle, knob
200
confus/o
confusion, disorder
201
coni/o
dust
202
conjunctiv/o
conjunctiva, joined together, connected
203
consci/o
aware, awareness
204
consolid/o
become firm or solid
205
constipat/o
pressed together, crowded together
206
constrict/o
draw tightly together
207
contact/o
touched, infected
208
contagi/o
infection, unclean, touching of something
209
contaminat/o
render unclean by contact, pollute
210
contine/o, continent/o
keep in, contain, hold back, restrain
211
contracept/o
prevention of conception
212
contus/o
bruise
213
convalesc/o
recover, become strong
214
convex/o
arched, vaulted
215
convolut/o
coiled, twisted
216
convuls/o
pull together
217
copi/o
plentiful
218
copulat/o
joining together, linking
219
cor/o
pupil
220
cord/o
cord, spinal cord
221
cordi/o
heart
222
core/o
pupil
223
cori/o
skin, leather
224
corne/o
cornea
225
coron/o
coronary, crown, heart
226
corp/u, corpor/o
body
227
corpuscul/o
little body
228
cortic/o
cortex, outer region
229
cost/o
rib
230
cox/o
hip, hip joint
231
crani/o
skull
232
creatin/o
creatinine
233
crepit/o, crepitat/o
crackling, rattling
234
crin/o,
secrete
235
cris/o, critic/o
turning point
236
cry/o
cold
237
crypt/o
hidden
238
cubit/o
elbow
239
culd/o
cul-de-sac, blind pouch
240
cult/o
cultivate
241
cusp/i
point, pointed flap
242
cutane/o
skin
243
cyan/o
blue
244
cycl/o
ciliary body of eye, cycle
245
cyst/o
urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid
246
cyt/o
cell
247
dacry/o
tear, lacrimal duct (tear duct)
248
dacryocyst/o
lacrimal sac (tear sac)
249
dactyl/o
fingers, toes
250
debrid/e
open a wound
251
decidu/o
shedding, falling off
252
decubit/o
lying down
253
defec/o, defecat/o
to free from waste, clear
254
defer/o
carrying down or out
255
degenerat/o
gradual impairment, breakdown, diminished function
256
deglutit/o
swallow
257
deliri/o
wandering of the mind
258
delt/o
Greek letter delta, triangular shape
259
delus/o
delude, mock, cheat
260
dem/i, dem/o
people, population
261
dendr/o
branching, resembling a tree
262
dent/i, dent/o
tooth, teeth
263
depilate/o
hair removal
264
depress/o
press down, lower, pressed or sunk down
265
dermat/o, derm/o
skin
266
desic/o
drying
267
deteriorat/o
worsening or gradual impairment
268
dextr/o
right side
269
diaphor/o
sweat
270
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm, wall across
271
diastole/o
standing apart, expansion
272
didym/o
testes, twins, double
273
diffus/o
pour out, spread apart
274
digest/o
divide, distribute
275
digit/o
finger or toe
276
dilat/o, dilatat/o
spread out, expand
277
dilut/o
dissolve, separate
278
diphther/o
membrane
279
dipl/o
double
280
dips/o
thirst
281
dislocat/o
displacement
282
dissect/o
cutting apart
283
disseminat/o
widely scattered
284
dist/o
far
285
distend/o, distent/o
stretch apart, expand
286
diur/o, diuret/o
tending to increase urine output
287
divert/i
turning aside
288
domin/o
controlling, ruling
289
don/o
give
290
dors/i, dors/o
back of body
291
duct/o
to lead, carry
292
duoden/i, duoden/o
duodenum, first part of small intestine
293
ecchym/o
pouring out of juice
294
ech/o
sound
295
eclamps/o, eclampt/o
flashing or shining forth
296
eczemat/o
eruption
297
edemat/o
swelling, fluid, tumor
298
edentul/o
without teeth
299
effect/o
bring about a response, activate
300
effus/o
pouring out
301
ejaculat/o
throw or hurl out
302
electr/o
electricity, electric
303
elliminat/o
expel from the body
304
emaciat/o
wasted by disease
305
embol/o
something inserted or thrown in
306
embry/o
fertilized ovum, embryo
307
emet/o
vomit
308
emmetr/o
in proper measure
309
emolli/o
make soften, soften
310
encephal/o
brain
311
endocrin/o
secrete within
312
enem/o
end in, inject
313
enter/o
small intestine
314
epidemi/o
among the people, an epidemic
315
epididym/o
epididymis
316
epiglott/o
epiglottis
317
episi/o
vulva
318
epithel/i, epitheli/o
epithelium
319
equin/o
pertaining to a horse
320
erect/o
upright
321
erg/o
work
322
erot/o
sexual love
323
eruct/o, eructat/o
belch forth
324
erupt/o
break out, burst forth
325
erythem/o, erythemat/o
flushed, redness
326
erythr/o
red
327
esophag/o
esophagus
328
esthesi/o
sensation, feeling
329
esthet/o
feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception
330
estr/o
female
331
ethm/o
sieve
332
eti/o
cause
333
evacu/o, evacuat/o
empty out
334
exacerbat/o
aggravate, irritate
335
exanthemat/o
rash
336
excis/o
cutting out
337
excori/o, excoriat/o
abrade or scratch
338
excret/o
separate, discharge
339
excruciat/o
intense pain, agony
340
exhal/o, exhalat/o
breathe out
341
exocrin/o
secrete out of
342
expector/o
cough up
343
expir/o, expirat/o
breathe out
344
exstroph/o
turned or twisted out
345
extern/o
outside, outer
346
extreme/o, extremit/o
extremity, outermost
347
extrins/o
from the outside, contained outside
348
exud/o, exudat/o
to sweat out
349
faci/o
face, form
350
fasci/o
fascia, fibrous band
351
fascicul/o
little bundle
352
fatal/o
pertaining to fate, death
353
fauc/i
narrow pass, throat
354
febr/i
fever
355
fec/i, fec/o
dregs, sediment, waste
356
femor/o
femur, thigh bone
357
fenestr/a
window
358
fer/o
bear, carry
359
fertil/o
fertile, fruitful, productive
360
fet/i, fet/o
fetus, unborn child
361
fibr/o
fibrous tissue, fiber
362
fibrill/o
muscular twitching
363
fibrin/o
fibrin, fibers, threads of a clot
364
fibros/o
fibrous connective tissue
365
fibul/o
fibula
366
fic/o
making, producing, forming
367
filtr/o, filtrat/o
filter, to strain through
368
fimbri/o
fringe
369
fiss/o, fissur/o
crack, split, cleft
370
fistul/o
tube or pipe
371
flat/o
flatus, breaking wind, rectal ras
372
flex/o
bend
373
flu/o
flow
374
fluor/o
glowing, luminous
375
foc/o
focus, point
376
foll/i
bag, sac
377
follicul/o
follicle, small sac
378
foramin/o
opening, foramen
379
form/o
resembling, in the shape of
380
fove/o
pit
381
fract/o
break, broken
382
frigid/o
cold
383
front/o
forehead, brow
384
funct/o, function/o
perform, function
385
fund/o
bottom, base, ground
386
fung/i
fungus
387
furc/o
forking, branching
388
furuncul/o
furunculus, a boil, an infection
389
galact/o
milk
390
gamet/o
wife or husband, egg or sperm
391
gangli/o, ganglion/o
ganglion
392
gangren/o
eating sore, gangrene
393
gastr/o
stomach, belly
394
gastrocnemi/o
gastrocnemius, calf muscle
395
gemin/o
twin, double
396
gen/o
producing, forming
397
genit/o
produced by, birth, reproductive organs
398
ger/i
old age
399
germin/o
bud, sprout, germ
400
geront/o
old age
401
gest/o, gestat/o
bear, carrying young or offspring
402
gigant/o
giant, very large
403
gingiv/o
gingival tissue, gums
404
glauc/o
gray
405
glen/o
socket or pit
406
gli/o
neurologic tissue, supportive tissue or nervous system
407
globin/o
protein
408
globul/o
little ball
409
glomerul/o
glomerulus
410
glott/i, glott/o
back of the tongue
411
gluc/o
sugar
412
glute/o
buttocks
413
glyc/o, glycos/o
glucose, sugar
414
glycer/o
sweet
415
glycogen/o
glycogen, animal starch
416
goitr/o
goiter, enlargement of the thyroid
417
gon/e, gon/o
seed
418
gonad/o
gonad, sex glands
419
goni/o
angle
420
grad/i
move, go, step, walk
421
granul/o
granule(s)
422
gravid/o
pregnancy
423
gynec/o
woman, female
424
gyr/o
turning, folding
425
hal/o, halit/o
breath
426
hallucin/o
hallucination, to wander in the mind
427
hem/e
deep red iron-containing pigment
428
hem/o, hemat/o
blood, relating to the blood
429
hemoglobin/o
hemoglobin
430
hepat/o
liver
431
hered/o, heredit/o
inherited, inheritance
432
herni/o
hernia
433
herpet/o
creeping
434
hiat/o
opening
435
hidr/o
sweat
436
hirsut/o
hair, rough
437
hist/o, histi/o
tissue
438
hom/o
same, like, alike
439
home/o
sameness, unchanging, constant
440
hormon/o
hormone
441
humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
442
hygien/o
healthy
443
hymen/o
a membrane, hymen
444
hypn/o
sleep
445
hyster/o
uterus
446
iatr/o
physician, treatment
447
ichthy/o
dry, scaly
448
icter/o
jaundice
449
idi/o
peculiar to the individual or organ, one, distinct
450
ile/o
ileum, small intestine
451
ili/o
ilium, hip bone
452
illusi/o
deception
453
immun/o
immune, protection, safe
454
impact/o
pushed against, wedged against, packed
455
impress/o
pressing into
456
impuls/o
pressure or pushing force, drive, urging on
457
incis/o
cutting into
458
incubat/o
incubation, hatch
459
indurat/o
hardened
460
infarct/o
filled in, stuffed
461
infect/o
infected, tainted
462
infer/o
below, beneath
463
infest/o
attack, assail, molest
464
inflammat/o
flame within, set on fire
465
infundibul/o
funnel
466
ingest/o
carry or pour in
467
inguin/o
groin
468
inhal/o, inhalat/o
breathe in
469
inject/o
to force or throw in
470
innominat/o
unnamed, nameless
471
inocul/o
implant, introduce
472
insipid/o
tasteless
473
inspir/o, inspirat/o
breathe in
474
insul/o
island
475
insulin/o
insulin
476
intact/o
untouched, whole
477
intermitt/o
not continuous
478
intern/o
within, inner
479
interstiti/o
the space between things
480
intestin/o
intestine
481
intim/o
innermost
482
intoxic/o
put poison in
483
intrins/o
contained within
484
introit/o
extrance or passage
485
intussuscept/o
take up or receive within
486
involut/o
rolled up, curled inward
487
iod/o
iodine
488
ion/o
ion, to wander
489
ir/i, ir/o, irid/o, irit/o
iris, colored part of eye
490
is/o
same, equal
491
isch/o
to hold back
492
ischi/o
ischium
493
jejun/o
jejunum
494
jugal/o
throat
495
kary/o
nuclues, nut
496
kel/o
growth, tumor
497
kerat/o
horny, hard, cornea
498
ket/o, keton/o
ketones, acetones
499
kines/o, kinesi/o
movement
500
klept/o
to steal
501
koil/o
hollow or concave
502
kraur/o
dry
503
kyph/o
bent, hump
504
labi/o
lip
505
labyrinth/o
maze, labyrinth, the inner ear
506
lacer/o, lacerat/o
torn, mangled
507
lacrim/o
tear, tear duct, lacrimal duct
508
lact/i, lact/o
milk
509
lactat/o
secrete milk
510
lamin/o
lamina
511
lapar/o
abdomen, abdominal wall
512
laps/o
slip, fall, slide
513
laryng/o
larynx, throat
514
lat/i, lat/o
broad
515
later/o
side
516
lav/o, lavat/o
wash, bath
517
lax/o, laxat/o
loosen, relax
518
leiomy/o
smooth (visceral) muscle
519
lent/i
the lens of the eye
520
lenticul/o
shaped like a lens; pertaining to a lens
521
lept/o
thin, slender
522
letharg/o
drowsiness, oblivion
523
leuk/o
white
524
lev/o, levat/o
raise, lift up
525
lex/o
word phrase
526
libid/o, libidin/o
sexual drive, desire, passion
527
ligament/o
ligament
528
ligat/o
binding or tying off
529
lingu/o
tongue
530
lipid/o, lip/o
fat
531
lith/o
stone, calculus
532
lob/i, lob/o
lobe, well-defined part of an organ
533
loc/o
location
534
loch/i
childbirth, confinement
535
longev/o
long-lived, long life
536
lord/o
curve, swayback, bent
537
lumb/o
lower back, loin
538
lumin/o
light
539
lun/o, lunat/o
moon
540
lunul/o
crescent
541
lup/i, lup/o
wolf
542
lute/o
yellow
543
lux/o
to slide
544
lymph/o
lymph lymphatic tissue
545
lymphaden/o
lymph node or gland
546
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
