comm skills

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and
attitudes from one person to another

Question 2

Characteristics of Communication

Answer 2

1. Communication involves the sharing of information using a code.
2. Communication occurs between people and sometimes animals
3. Communication is irreversible: once one has communicated something it
   cannot be recalled back.
4. Communication is a system
5. Communication must have the elements of communication

Question 3

Functions of communication

Answer 3

1. Entertain
2. Educate
3. Establish relationships
4. Inform
5. Solve problems
6. Make orders
7. Give directions

Question 4

Forms of Communicating

Answer 4

verbal and non verbal

Question 5

Verbal communication

Answer 5

Verbal communication of the vocal category includes spoken language, while non-vocal verbal communication involves written communication as well as communication
that is transmitted through transmitted through sign language, finger spelling,
Braille, or other similar alternatives to verbal language

Question 6

Para-verbal/paralinguistic/ paralanguage features

Answer 6

Paralinguistic or paralanguage features are the aspects of spoken communication
that do not involve words. They add emphasis or shades of meaning to what people
say.Examples of
paralinguistic features include pitch, rate, quality of voice and amplitude

Question 7

Non-Verbal

Answer 7

Non-verbal communication is a type of communication that employs gestures and
body language

Question 8

Examples of non-verbal communication

Answer 8

Non-verbal communication includes:
POSTURES & GESTURES
EYE CONTACT
ORIENTATION
PRESENTATION
LOOKS
EPRESSIONS OF EMOTION

Question 9

Levels of communication

Answer 9

1. Intrapersonal (Within a person)
2. Interpersonal (Face to face)
3. Group communication
4. Mass communication
5. Inter country/ Development

Question 10

Communication Barriers

Answer 10

1. Physiological Barriers
2. Physical Barriers
3. Cultural Barriers
4. Language Barriers
5. Interpersonal Barriers
6. Psychological Barriers

Question 11

Physiological Barriers

Answer 11

Physiological barriers may result from individuals’ personal discomfort, caused, for
example, by ill health, poor eye sight, or hearing difficulties

Question 12

Physical Barriers

Answer 12

Physical barriers include:
 Office doors, barrier screens, separate areas for people of different status
 Large working areas or working in one unit that is physically separate from
others.
 Distance

Question 13

Interpersonal Barriers

Answer 13

Withdrawal is an absence of interpersonal contact. It is both refusals to be in touch with others

Question 14

Psychological Barriers

Answer 14

There are 3 types of psychological barriers would be discussed as they are the
most common ones.
a. Perceptual barriers
b. Emotional Barriers, and
c. Experiential barriers

Question 15

Perceptual barriers

Answer 15

The problem with communicating with others is that we all see the world
differently. A bad experience would perceptually block out unpleasant things. This
could be in the shape of avoiding it and if that is not possible by altering the
behaviors i.e., response types in different ways

Question 16

Emotional barriers

Answer 16

One of the other chief psychological barriers to open and free communication is
the emotional barrier. It is comprised mainly of fear, mistrust, and suspicion

Question 17

Experiential barriers

Answer 17

Experiential barriers on the other hand become barriers by virtue of not having
experienced them leading to altered interpretation and comprehension.

Question 18

Elements of Communication

Answer 18

the sender, the receiver, the message, the channel and feedback.

Question 18

How to be a good communicator

Answer 18

a) Express own reflections and ideas clearly
b) Develop relationships
c) Provide feedback (answers, reacts)
d) Be open to others’ feedback (accept others answer without prejudice,
references etc.
e) Respect attitudes and opinions of others
f) Be tolerant to different customs and cultures

Question 19

Encoding

Answer 19

the process of putting ones thoughts into words

Question 20

Encoder

Answer 20

is the person who translates his/her thoughts into meaningful words

Question 21

Decoding

Answer 21

Decoding is the process of giving meaning to the encoded message

Question 22

The 7 Cs of Communication

Answer 22

 Clear.
 Concise.
 Concrete.
 Correct.
 Coherent.
 Complete.
 Courteous.

Question 22

Components of active listening

Answer 22

Hearing: The physiological process of receiving sound and/or other stimuli.
 Attending: The conscious and unconscious process of focusing attention on
external stimuli.
 Interpreting: The process of decoding the symbols or behavior attended to.
 Evaluating: The process of deciding the value of the information to the
receiver
Remembering: The process of placing the appropriate information into
short-term or long-term storage.
 Responding: The process of giving feedback to the source and/or other
receivers

Question 23

Listening

Answer 23

Listening is paying attention to what other people are saying

Question 24

Barriers to Listening

Answer 24

Noise Hearing impediments Distance Distractions Lack of trust Power imbalance Language barriers Accent

Question 24

Reading

Answer 24

CONSTRUCT MEANING FROM TEXT.

Question 25

How to improve your comprehension during reading

Answer 25

1. Begin from what you already know (activating prior knowledge). 2. Always try to make sense of what you are reading (context). 3. Ask yourself questions; before, during and after reading. 4. Predict and think about what will happen next in the text, or how your questions will be answered. 5. Read with a purpose. Know why you are reading and what you are reading to find out. 1. Begin from what you already know (activating prior knowledge). 2. Always try to make sense of what you are reading (context). 3. Ask yourself questions; before, during and after reading. 4. Predict and think about what will happen next in the text, or how your questions will be answered. 5. Read with a purpose. Know why you are reading and what you are reading to find out.

Question 26

The SQ4R Method of reading effectively

Answer 26

SURVEY (S) QUESTIONS (Q) READ (1R) WRITE(2R) RECITE (3R) REVIEW (4R)

Question 27

Study tips

Answer 27

Draw up a study timetable (see . Work out your most effective study times. When do you study best? Morning, afternoon or evening? 3. Consider: Which subjects need the most study and revision? Estimate how many hours you think you need for each subject and try to match this with the hours available in your weekly planner. 4. Block in some study times, preferably 2-4 hours at a time, with 5-10 minutes’ break every 40-50 minutes. 6. You may want to plan in detail for each study session. 7. If you have some smaller amounts of time available for study, consider how they could be used.eg Travel time on public transport can also be used for reading.