Common and chemical agents use in microbial control

Question 1

it hydrolyzes and coagulates proteins

Answer 1

acid and alkali solutions

Question 2

first widely used antiseptic and disinfectant, it is effective even in the presence of organics and it remains active for a long period when applied on surfaces

Answer 2

Phenol and phenolic compounds (tuberculocidal)

Question 3

examples of Phenol and phenolic compounds

Answer 3

cresols, xylenols, lysol

Question 4

is is used both as an antispetic and disinfectant- bactericidal and fungicidal

Answer 4

Alcohol (non-sporicidal)

Question 5

most ideal to denature microorganisms

Answer 5

70% alcohol

Question 6

disadvantage of alcohol

Answer 6

it has a poor activity against nonenveloped viruses

Question 7

it destroys microorganisms by oxidation mechanism

Answer 7

Halogen

Question 8

effective antiseptics

Answer 8

tincture of iodine and iodophor

Question 9

contains chloride and used to disinfect drinking water

Answer 9

Halozone (parasulfone dichloroaminobenzoic acid)

Question 10

effective bleach

Answer 10

1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL)

Question 11

is more stable than iodine in its pure form and is a combination of iodine and neutral polymer (detergent)

Answer 11

Iodophor

Question 12

Antibacterial effect of iodophor

Answer 12

oxidative effects of molecular iodine and hypoiodic acid

Question 13

degrades microbial cell walls, cytoplasm, denatures enzymes and coagulates chromosomal material

Answer 13

Free iodine

Question 14

for handwashing, surgical hand scrub, and preoperative skin preparation

Answer 14

5-10% povidine-iodine

Question 15

is used in the form of hypochlorite

Answer 15

chlorine

Question 16

antibacterial effect of chlorine

Answer 16

oxidative effects of hypochlorous acid (formed when chloride ions are dissolved in water)

Question 17

recommended by CDC’s for cleaning blood spills

Answer 17

1:10 dilution of 5.25% solution

Question 18

contact time of chlorine

Answer 18

2 minutes ( longer in the presence of organic material)
10-30 minutes = mycobacteria

Question 19

are both antiseptic and disinfectant

Answer 19

iodophor and alcohol

Question 20

tincture of iodine contains

Answer 20

2% iodine and 70% alcohol

Question 21

is the most common form of skin disinfection before drawing blood for culture or surgery

Answer 21

70% alcohol followed by an iodophor

Question 22

it destroys microorganisms by inactivation and precipitation of cell proteins

Answer 22

salts of heavy metals

Question 23

eye drop solution

Answer 23

AgNO3

Question 24

algicide

Answer 24

CuSO4

Question 25

antiseptic

Answer 25

mercuric chloride

Question 26

2 components of QUATS

Answer 26

detergent and phenolics

Question 27

it is used as surface-active agents

Answer 27

detergent (nontuberculocidal and nonsporicidal)

Question 28

antibacterial effect of detergent

Answer 28

it disrupts cell membrane, resulting in leakage of cell contents

Question 29

use of detergent

Answer 29

lab bench tops and floors

Question 30

resistant to quats

Answer 30

P. aeruginosa

Question 31

are molecules of phenol that have been substituted by halogens and are stable, biodegradable, and active in the presence of organic material

Answer 31

phenolics (nonsporicidal)

Question 32

antibacterial effect of phenolics

Answer 32

disruption of cell cell walls

Question 33

use of phenolics

Answer 33

hospital floors and surroundings

Question 34

antibacterial effect of aldehydes

Answer 34

inactivation of proteins and nucleic acids

Question 35

use of aldehydes

Answer 35

sterilize medical instruments

Question 36

example of aldehydes

Answer 36

aldehyde fomaldehyde (8%) and glutaraldehyde (2%)

Question 37

it is generally used as formalin

Answer 37

formaldehyde (37 aqeuous solution or HCHO gas)

Question 38

how many percent of HCHO

Answer 38

3-8% with a contact time of 30 minutes (mycobacteria)

Question 39

use of formaldehyde

Answer 39

to sterilize HEPA filters in biological safety cabinets (formaldehyde vapor