Common classes of enzymes Flashcards
Very basic bits to remember to aid complex learning.
What is the general function of hydrolases?
Enzymes that catalyze a hydrolytic cleavage reaction.
Which enzyme class breaks down nucleic acids by hydrolyzing bonds between nucleotides?
Nucleases.
What is the function of proteases?
They break down proteins by hydrolyzing peptide bonds between amino acids.
Which enzyme class joins two molecules together, such as DNA strands?
Ligases.
What does an isomerase do?
Catalyzes the rearrangement of bonds within a single molecule.
Which enzyme catalyzes polymerization reactions like DNA and RNA synthesis?
Polymerases.
What is the role of a kinase?
Catalyzes the addition of phosphate groups to molecules, including proteins.
Which enzyme catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a molecule?
Phosphatase.
What is the general function of oxido-reductases?
Catalyzes reactions where one molecule is oxidized, and another is reduced.
Name a type of enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP and is involved in energy harnessing, such as in motor proteins or membrane transport proteins.
ATPases.
