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Over the counter medication > Common cold > Flashcards

Common cold Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms

A

Blocked/runny nose
Sore throat
Cough
Mild headache or body aches
Sneezing
General Malaise.

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1
Q

Causes

A

Sinusitis
Influenza
COVID - 19
Pneumonia
Epiglottitis
Tonsillitis
Bronchiolitis
Allergic Rhinitis

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2
Q

Sinustitis

A

Thick yellow-greenish nasal discharge
Pain/swelling/pressure around eyes, cheeks nose foreheads
Aching of upper jaw/teeth
Reduced sense of smell/taste
Halitosis
Ear pressure
Fever

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3
Q

Influenza

A

Fever
Chills
Sweating
Severe muscle aches

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4
Q

COVID-19

A

Fevers
Chills
Loss of smell/taste
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhoea
Skin Rash

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5
Q

Pneumonia

A

Chest pain
Dyspnoea
Fever

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6
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Dysphagia
Drooling
Inspiratory Stridor
Dyspnoea
Fever
Restlesness

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7
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Red swollen tonsils with exudate
Fever
Enlarged lymph nodes
Dysphaga
Muffled voice
Halitosis
Muffled voice
GI upset

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8
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Respiratory dizziness
wheezing
Fever
Lethargy, increasing as infection progresses

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9
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Respiratory distress
Wheezing
Fever
Lethargy, increasing as infection progresses

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10
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

Itching (nose, eyes mouth)
Sneezing
Conjunctivitis
Frontal headache
coughing/wheezing

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11
Q

Pain reduce

A

Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Naproxen, Aspirin

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12
Q

Sedating antihistamines

A

Dry respiratory secretion
Brompheniramine
Chlorphenamine
Diphenhydramine
Doxylamine
Promethazine

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13
Q

Oral decongestants

A

Phenylephrine
Pseudoephedrine

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14
Q

Topical Nasal decongestants

A

Oxymetazoline
Phenylephrine
Tramazoline
Xylometazoline

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15
Q

Intranasal saline

A

Relieves nasal congestion.

16
Q

When to refer (adult)

A

Fever higher than 39 degrees
Fever for more than 5 days
Dehydration

17
Q

When to refer (children)

A

Fever over 38 degrees
fever last or rising for more than 2 days
No improvement in symptoms
Ear pain
Excessive irritability
Lack of appetite or poor feeding
Bulging fontanelle
Drowsiness/lack of energy

18
Q

Non-pharmacological

A

Rest
Drink plenty of fluid
Avoid respiratory irritants
Humidify the air
Throat lozenges or ice to relieve sore throat and cough.

19
Q

Paracetamol

A

Immediate release: 0.5-1g 4-6 hours a day, no more than 8 tablets a day
Safe for pregnancy and breastfeeding

20
Q

Polaramine/dexchlorpheniramine

A

Adult 1 tablet (2mg) 4 times daily
6-12 Child half a tablet 4 times daily
2-6 child 1.25-2ml 3-4 times daily
Pregnancy - safe
Breastfeeding - Appears safe

21
Q

Sudafed PE / Phenylephrine

A

Adult - 1 tablet every 4 hours
6> 2.5-5mg every 4 ours
Pregnancy - Avoid, especially in first trimester
Breastfeeding - safe but may reduce blood supply

22
Q

Demazin/Phenylephrine

A

Adult 1 spray into each nose every 4 hours
Do not use for more than 5 days

Over the counter medication (8 decks)

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