common derm Flashcards
acne
causes: hormones, environment, meds, irritants
dx - clinical. comedones (white and blackheads) must be present
closed comedones - noninflam (white head)
open comodone - black head
tx - topical retinoid (non-inflam)!!! benzoyl peroxide!!! then topical antibiotics (inflam), oral abx (systemic), isotretinoin (cystic), anti-androgens, spironolactone
rosacea
inflammatory condition of skin in predisposed individuals
papules and pustules on cheeks and chin and forehead
dx - clinical
tx - ID triggers, metronidazole, sunscreen, NO steroids. systemic - PO abx (minocycline or doxy)
seborrheic dermatitis
erythematous scaling patches in nasolabial folds, scalp, face, eyelids, eyebrows
tx - ketoconazole, topical steroids if ineffective, therapeutic shampoo
actinic keratosis
sun-induced damage to epidermal cells
precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
s/s - skin colored macules with a dry, rough scale on an erythematous base
tx - cryotherapy w liquid nitrogen, shave biopsy for suspected SCC
basal cell carcinoma
most common cutaneous malignancy
RF - sun exposure, radiation
dx - skin biopsy
s/s - pink pearly papule with overlying telangiectasia, slight central depression, mild ulceration, may be pigmented
tx - removal (burning, scraping, Mohs’), Aldara for superficial, sun precautions, follow up
squamous cell carcinoma
may develop from actinic keratosis
increased risk in immunosuppressed
s/s - pink/red, scaling patch/plaque, overlying crusts
tx - mohs for face, excision, sun precautions, follow up
malignant melanoma
70% new lesion in adults
most common cancer in young white females
ABC rule
ABCD rule of malignant melanoma
Asymmetry of border
Border irregularly
Color variation
Diameter >6 mm
Evolution or change in time (size, shape, color)
spider hemangiomas
network of dilated capillaries
blanch on palpation
tx - not necessary, electrocautery if desired
cherry angiomas
bright-red to purple domed vascular lesions
tx - not necessary, electrocautery if desired
cherry angiomas
bright-red to purple domed vascular lesions
tx - not necessary
dermatofibroma
firm, dermal papules
flesh colored to pink or brown
asymptomatic but may be tender
tx - punch excision for chronic irritation
molluscum contagious
pox virus caused irritation
can be STI or viral infection
tx - watch and wait, cryotherapy
keratosis pilaris
autosomal dominant
upper arms irritation, benign
s/s - perifolicular papules
tx - topical retinoids, cream
acrochordon
skin tag
s/s - soft, skin-colored brown pedunculate growths
tx - excision or cryotherapy
