Common Drugs & Side Effects

Question 1

Describe statin MoA and an example

Answer 1

reduce LDL cholesterol interfering with blood synthesis via HMGcoA reductase enzyme
atheromatous plaque forms and bursts forming thrombus (stroke/heart attack)
Atorvastatin

Question 2

Describe the MoA of warfarin and aspirin

Answer 2

Warfarin targets factors on blood clot cascade decreasing thrombus formation

Aspirin: anti-platelet inhibiting PG synthesis

Question 3

Describe B-blockers MoA as anti-hypertensives

Answer 3

decrease sympathetic outflow effects/cardiac output/renin release

Question 4

Describe diuretic anti-hypertensive MoA

Answer 4

decreases extracellular fluid/plasma volume so lowers BP
treats oedema in heart failure

Question 5

How do thiazide diuretics work?

Answer 5

Thiazide: acts on kidney blockinh NaCl pump on apical membrane increasing NaCLK secretion - direct vasodilator

bendroflumethazide
cyclopenthiazide

Question 6

How do loop diuretucs work?

Answer 6

acts on Loop of Henle blocking NaCL/K pump increasing NaClK secretion to treat oedema (heart failure)

furosemide
bumetanide
torasemide