COMMON GI MEDICATIONS

Question 1

Single Antibiotic Regimen Low Risk Community Aquired Intraabominal Infections

Answer 1

Pip-Tazo 3.375 g IV q 6 hrs

Question 2

Dual Antibiotic regimen low risk Community Aquired Intraabominal Infections

Answer 2

Ceftriaxone 1 - 2 g IV q 24 hrs AND Flagyl 500 mg IV bid or tid

Ciprofloxacin 400 mg IV bid AND Flagyl 500 mg IV bid or tid

Question 3

Antibiotics for Severe, life threatening infections

Answer 3

Meropenem 1 g IV q 8 hr

Pip-Taz 4.5 g IV q 8 hr

Question 4

Ondansetron: trade name, class, dosing, MOA, side effects

Answer 4

Zofran
Seratonin (5-HT3) antagonist: Anti-emetic
4-8 mg PO/IV q 8 hrs PRN
Highly selective competitive antagonsist of the serotonin receptor
Effect is central, possibly in the area postrema of the brainstem
QT prolongation

Question 5

Metaclopramide: trade name, class, indications, dose, side effects

Answer 5

Motilin
Serotonin Receptor 5-HT4 agonist: Prokinetic, Antiemetic
Nausea / Vomiting, Gastroparesis, Dyspepsia, Hiccups
N/V: 10 mg PO qid PRN, 10 mg IV x 1
CNS depression, Extrapyramidal side effects (acute dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia), hyperprolactinemia

Question 6

Psyllium: trade name, class, PRN dose, MOA, side effects

Answer 6

Metamucil
Bulking agent
1 teaspoon tid
Increases stool bulking, transit time, increases gut motility
Bloating Flatulence

Question 7

Bisacodyl: trade name, class, dosing, MOA, side effects

Answer 7

Dulcolax
Stimulant
10 mg PR tid
Stimulates myenteric plexus -> increasing intestinal motility
Incontinence, rectal burning

Question 8

Magnesium: trade name, class, dose, MOA, side effects

Answer 8

Milk of Magnesia
Saline Laxative
15-30 ml bid
Decreases colonic transition time
Magnesium toxicity, especially in renal insufficiency

Question 9

Glycerin Suppository: trade name, class, dose, MOA, side effects

Answer 9

Glycerin Suppository
Suppository
1 PR daily
Local rectal stimulation
Rectal irritation

Question 10

PEG 3350: trade name, class, dose, MOA, side effects

Answer 10

Miralax
Hyperosmolar Agent
17 gm daily
Osmotically active non absorbable sugars pull fluid into the gut
Nausea, cramping, anal irritation

Question 11

Lactulose & Sorbitol: trade name, class, dose, MOA, side effects

Answer 11

Lactulose & Sorbitol
Hyperosmolar Agent
15-30 ml daily / bid
Osmotically active non absorbable sugars pull fluid into the gut
Cramps, flatulence

Question 12

Soap suds: trade name, class, dosing, MOA, side effects

Answer 12

Soad suds
Enema
1500 ml PR
Colonic distension -> encourages evacuation
Local trauma

Question 13

Mineral oil: trade name, class, dosing, MOA, side effects

Answer 13

Mineral oil
Enema
100-250 ml PR
Colonic distension -> encourages evacuation
Local trauma

Question 14

Tap water

Answer 14

Tap water
Enema
500 ml PR
Colonic distension -> encourages evacuation
Local trauma