Common Infections minus SSTI

Question 1

bugs to worry about in surgery

Answer 1

skin flora: staph, strep (gram negative only in select surgeries)

Question 2

recommended start time for pre-op surgery

Answer 2

60 min before incision

Question 3

preferred antibiotic for pre-op

Answer 3

cefazolin (clindamycin or vancomycin if allergy)

Question 4

gram negative coverage in pre-op surgery

Answer 4

metronidazole, cefotetan, cefoxitin

Question 5

common bugs in meningitis

Answer 5

neisseria meningitidis, strep pneumo, h influenzae

Question 6

when to consider listeria monocytogenes in meningitis

Answer 6

neonates, >50y, immunocompromised

Question 7

what is given with the first dose of antibiotic for tx of meningitis

Answer 7

dexamethasone to prevent neurological complications

Question 8

neonate tx meningitis

Answer 8

ampicillin + (cefotaxime OR gentamicin)

Question 9

1 month old to 50yo tx meningitis

Answer 9

(ceftriaxone or cefotaxime) + vancomycin

Question 10

why is ceftriaxone NOT given to neonates

Answer 10

hyperbilirubinemia which can cause brain damage

Question 11

meningitis patients who should receive vancomycin

Answer 11

> 1 month

Question 12

bacteria in AOM

Answer 12

strep pneumo, h influenzae, moraxella

Question 13

first line AOM antibiotics

Answer 13

amoxicillin, agumentin

Question 14

clavulanate se

Answer 14

diarrhea

Question 15

amoxicillin frequency

Answer 15

bid

Question 16

pharyngitis antibiotics

Answer 16

penicillin, amoxicillin

Question 17

sinusitus antibiotic

Answer 17

augmentin

Question 18

pertussis antibiotic treatment

Answer 18

macrolides

Question 19

COPD exacerbation symptoms

Answer 19

inc dyspnea, inc sputum volume, inc sputum purulence

Question 20

criteria to give antibiotics for acute COPD exacerbation

Answer 20

cardinal symptoms, mechanical ventilation

Question 21

why is ciprofloxacin not given for CAP?

Answer 21

no strep pneumo coverage

Question 22

CAP treatment with no comorbidities

Answer 22

beta lactam (amoxicillin)

Question 23

CAP treatment with comorbidities

Answer 23

beta lactam + macrolide or daptomycin (need atypical coverage) OR FQ alone

Question 24

CAP MRSA drugs

Answer 24

vancomycin, linezolid

Question 25

CAP Psuedomonas drugs

Answer 25

zosyn, cefepime, meropenem

Question 26

False positive PPD test can occur with receipt of which vaccine

Answer 26

BCG

Question 27

drugs used in latent TB treatment

Answer 27

INH, rifampin, rifapentine

Question 28

active TB treatment

Answer 28

intensive 2 months: RIPE, continuation 4 months: rifampin and isoniazid

Question 29

rifampin major side effects

Answer 29

inc LFTs, hemolytic anemia, orange/red secretions

Question 30

major concern for rifampin

Answer 30

many DDIs!! (protease inhibitors, anticoags)

Question 31

isoniazid BBW

Answer 31

severe hepatitis (CI in active liver disease)

Question 32

pyrazinamide contraindications

Answer 32

acute gout, severe hepatic damage

Question 33

ethambutol contraindications

Answer 33

optic neuritis, inc LFTs

Question 34

Rifampin should NOT be used with

Answer 34

Anticoags: apixaban, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, dabigatran

Question 35

which RIPE drugs need interval adjustment with decreased renal function

Answer 35

pyrazinamide (CrCl<30), ethambutol (CrCl < 50)

Question 36

why should patients on isoniazid also take b6?

Answer 36

dec risk of peripheral neuropathy

Question 37

most common bugs in infective endocarditis

Answer 37

staph, streo, enterococci

Question 38

which antibiotic can be used to penetrate organisms in a biofilm

Answer 38

rifampin

Question 39

what is the rpeferred class used to treat infective endocarditis?

Answer 39

beta lactams or vancomycin

Question 40

dental prophylaxis regimen for patients at high risk of IE

Answer 40

amoxicillin 2 g

Question 41

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis should be empirically treated with

Answer 41

ceftriaxone