common peds problems Flashcards
(27 cards)
Abnormal Cl and Na distribution across cell membraines due to an autosomal recessive disease affecting chromosome 7
CF
Common pathogen in CF
pseudomonas and staph
why is this so common?
1/40 carriers
what’s the first sign of CF (assuming you hadn’t been tested prenatally)
no stool w/in 24 hours of birth
what’s the definitive dx test for CF?
chloride sweat test
why do CF kids have failure to thrive despite good appetites?
pancreatic insufficiency
why do CF kids have bulky stinky stools?
malabsorption
T/F: nasal polyps and rectal prolapse are common with CF
true
what are some dietary recommendations for CF?
high calorie/protein/fat. Salt supplement
what medications are common for CF?
ibuprofen, recombinant DNAse inhalation, aggressive abx, PRN
common complications of CF?
DM from pancreatic obstruction, LF, infertility, lung infections
most CF pt’s have a _____________mutation which prevents protein transport
Delta F508
A more rare __________mutation of the CFTR protein limits chloride flow through cell membranes
G551D
common cause of airway obstruction that is typically benign and due to a cartilage problem of the supraglottic structure
laryngomalacia
dx of laryngomalacia
stridor in first 6 weeks of life prompts laryngoscopy
tx of laryngomalacia
most resolve by 2-3 years, severe needs sx
what might you suspect in kids with colic, refusal to eat, or FTT?
GERD
how should you tx GERD?
thicken food, hold upright, H2/PPI
first born male who was given erythromycin for infection might present with postprandial vomiting, constipation, and wt loss.
pyloric stenosis
what might you notice on PE for kid with pyloric stenosis?
palpable olive shaped pylorus in RUQ, visible peristalsis prior to vomiting
How do you tx pyloric stenosis?
stool softeners/mineral oil, correct electrolyte imbalance (chloride replacement), surgical pyloromyotomy
Dx of constipation can be made in kids with 2/6 s/s:
1) < 3 BM/week
2) bowel incontinence
3) impaction
4) clogging toilet
5) fecal withholding
6) pain with defecation
tx of constipation
1) fiber
2) stool softener
3) GI RFL
__________ is the most common cause of acute diarrhea in kids < 15 months
rotavirus
