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Prepositions, Nouns, And Common Mexican Idioms > Common Prepositions, Nouns > Flashcards

Common Prepositions, Nouns Flashcards

(500 cards)

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1
Q

prepositions
toward, to

We walked toward the mountain.

A

hacia

Caminamos hacia la montaña.

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2
Q

Prepositions
against
I am against that decision.

A

contra

Estoy en contra de esa decisión.

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3
Q

Prepositions
inside, within

The money is inside the box.

A

dentro de

El dinero está dentro de la caja.

Dentro focuses on being inside a place (Las llaves (keys) están dentro).
Adentro focuses on movement toward the inside (Voy adentro).

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4
Q

Prepositions
outside of

The dog is outside the house.

A

fuera de

El perro está fuera de la casa.

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5
Q

Prepositions
around

There are many flowers around the tree.

A

alrededor de

Hay muchas flores alrededor del árbol.

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6
Q

Prepositions
above, about

The painting is above the bed.

A

sobre

El cuadro está sobre la cama.

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7
Q

Prepositions
through

I looked through the window.

A

a través de
Miré a través de la ventana.

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8
Q

prepositions
according to

According to my friend, it’s a good idea.

A

según

Según mi amigo, es una buena idea.

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9
Q

Prepositions
up, upward

Look up to see the stars.

A

hacia arriba

Mira hacia arriba para ver las estrellas.

Hacia focuses on direction or approximation (towards, around).
Hasta marks a limit or endpoint (until, up to, even).

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10
Q

skin

She has very soft skin.

A

piel

Ella tiene piel muy suave.

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11
Q

clothes

I bought new clothes for school.

A

ropa

Compré ropa nueva para la escuela.

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12
Q

train

The train arrived late today.

A

tren

El tren llegó tarde hoy.

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13
Q

airplane

We took a plane to Madrid.

A

avión

Tomamos un avión a Madrid.

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14
Q

bridge

The bridge crosses the river.

A

puente

El puente cruza el río.

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15
Q

earth/land

The ground is wet after the rain.

A

tierra

La tierra está húmeda después de la lluvia.

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16
Q

fan

The fan is not working.

A

ventilador

El ventilador no funciona.

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17
Q

door
Close the door, please.

A

puerta
Cierra la puerta, por favor.

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18
Q

computer

I use the computer to work.

A

computadora

Uso la computadora para trabajar.

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19
Q

phone

My phone is charging.

A

teléfono

Mi teléfono está cargando.

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20
Q

screen

The screen of my TV is big.

A

pantalla
La pantalla de mi televisor es grande.

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21
Q

keyboard

The keyboard has some broken keys.

A

Teclado

El teclado tiene algunas teclas rotas.

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22
Q

sky

The sky is full of clouds.

A

Cielo

El cielo está lleno de nubes.

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23
Q

star

We count stars at night.

A

estrella

Contamos estrellas en la noche.

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24
Q

The cloud
To cover, physically or to cover a topic

The clouds are covering the sun.

A

La nube
Cubrir

Las nubes están cubriendo el sol.

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25
butterfly We saw a blue butterfly in the garden.
mariposa Vimos una mariposa azul en el jardín.
26
lake The lake is very calm today.
lago El lago está muy tranquilo hoy.
27
island We’d like to visit a tropical island.
isla Nos gustaría visitar una isla tropical.
28
pencil I need a pencil to write.
lápiz Necesito un lápiz para escribir.
29
pen The black pen is on the table.
bolígrafo El bolígrafo negro está en la mesa.
30
paper I wrote a note on the paper.
Papel Escribí una nota en el papel.
31
letter She wrote a letter to her friend.
Carta Ella escribió una carta para su amigo.
32
television I watched a funny show on TV.
televisor Vi un programa divertido en el televisor.
33
refrigerator The refrigerator is full of food.
refrigerador El refrigerador está lleno de comida.
34
feather The feather of that bird is beautiful.
pluma La pluma de ese pájaro es hermosa.
35
map We need a map to find the way.
mapa Necesitamos un mapa para encontrar el camino.
36
citizen Every citizen has rights and duties.
ciudadano Cada ciudadano tiene derechos y deberes.
37
doctor The doctor arrived on time for the appointment.
médico El médico llegó a tiempo para la consulta.
38
teacher The teacher explained the lesson clearly.
profesor El profesor explicó la lección claramente.
39
student The student is doing her homework.
estudiante La estudiante está haciendo su tarea.
40
neighbor My neighbor helped me with the garden.
vecino Mi vecino me ayudó con el jardín.
41
toy The boy left his toy in the living room.
juguete El niño dejó su juguete en la sala.
42
gift I bought a gift for my friend.
regalo Compré un regalo para mi amiga.
43
memory I have a beautiful memory of that day.
recuerdo Tengo un bonito recuerdo de ese día.
44
vacation We are planning our summer vacation.
vacaciones Estamos planeando nuestras vacaciones de verano.
45
culture I’m interested in learning about Mexican culture.
cultura Me interesa aprender sobre la cultura mexicana.
46
language Spanish is a fascinating language.
idioma El español es un idioma fascinante.
47
port The ship arrived at the port this morning.
puerto El barco llegó al puerto esta mañana.
48
inhabitant The inhabitants of the city are very kind.
habitante Los habitantes de la ciudad son muy amables.
49
beach To spend, to pass We spent the weekend at the beach.
playa Pasar Pasamos el fin de semana en la playa.
50
farm We visited a farm with many animals.
granja Visitamos una granja con muchos animales.
51
mountain We climbed a very tall mountain.
montaña Escalamos una montaña muy alta.
52
park The park is full of flowers in spring.
parque El parque está lleno de flores en primavera.
53
hill We went up the hill to see the view.
cerro Subimos al cerro para ver la vista.
54
garden The garden is full of butterflies.
jardín El jardín está lleno de mariposas.
55
highway We took the highway to get there faster.
carretera Tomamos la carretera para llegar más rápido.
56
Prepositions between, among The car is between the trees.
entre El coche está entre los árboles.
57
prepositions from, since I’ve been waiting for you since yesterday.
desde Te he estado esperando desde ayer.
58
Beyond
Mas alla de
59
To cover The clouds are covering the sun.
Cubrir Las nubes estan cubriendo el sol.
60
To add We are adding special spices to the meal tonight.
Agregar Estamos agregando especias especiales para la comida esta noche.
61
Bland, tasteless They gave us a lot of food but the flavor was bland.
Insipido Nos dieron mucha comida pero el sabor fue insipido.
62
Clove I have used clove many times when I prepare a pastry.
clavo de olor He usado clavo de olor muchas veces para cuando preparo un postre.
63
Smell, scent I enjoy very much the scent of roses.
Olor Me gusta mucho el olor de rosas.
64
Cinnamon
Canela
65
Bitter
Amarga
66
Luxurious lavish
Lujosa/o
67
Conjugate, to be enough, to suffice Enough, quite, a lot, adjective Stop it It is sufficient to say you are enough, so stop.
Bastar Yo basto I suffice / I am enough Tú bastas You suffice (informal) Él/Ella/Usted basta He/She/You (formal) suffices Nosotros/as bastamos We suffice Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes bastan They/You all suffice Bastante Basta Es suficiente decir que bastas, así que basta. Use asi QUE because it is a subjunctive informal command.
68
Room(s)
Cuarto(s)
69
Guest The guests were deciding what was the right time to leave.
Invitado Los invitados decidían cuál era el momento correcto para salir.
70
Furniture(s) I buy new furniture every year.
El Mueble(s) Compro muebles nuevos todos los años.
71
Bedroom
El Dormitorio
72
However I wanted to go to the beach. However, it rained.
Sin embargo Quería ir a la playa. Sin embargo, llovió. Remember sin embargo literally means “without restriction”. An embargo is a restriction.
73
Parent(s) Jose calls his parents every day.
Padre(s) Jose llama sus padres todos los días.
74
Last name, surname
Apellido
75
Bit of cough
Poco de tos
76
Less
Menos
77
Significant, important
significa
78
To teach, to show
enseñar Yo Enseno Tu Ensenas
79
To add
agregar
80
Net Social media, social network
redes sociales
81
Subjunctive To share I hope that they share the food with everyone.
Compartir Espero que compartan la comida con todas las personas.
82
Conjugate the verb, To grow, Wise I become When I grow as a person I become more wise.
Yo (I) crezco Tú (You) creces Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You formal) crece Nosotros/Nosotras (We) crecemos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (They/You all formal) crecen Sabio Me vuelvo Cuando crezco como persona, me vuelvo más sabio.
83
Before Before leaving, turn off the lights. After After eating, we wash the dishes. On top of The book is on top of the table. Underneath The cat sleeps underneath the bed.
Antes de Antes de salir, apaga las luces. Después de Después de comer, lavamos los platos. Encima de El libro está encima de la mesa. Debajo de El gato duerme debajo de la cama.
84
Conjugate the point in the past, To turn off I turned off the lights before I left the room.
Apagar Yo (I) apagué Tú (You) apagaste Él/Ella/Usted (He/She/You formal) apagó Nosotros/Nosotras (We) apagamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (They/You all formal) apagaron Apagué las luces antes de salir del cuarto.
85
Conjugate the verb, to relax
Relajar I: relajo You: relajas He/She/You (formal): relaja We: relajamos They/You (plural): relajan
86
To show, to demonstrate I want to show him how much I love him.
Demostrar Quiero demostrarle cuánto lo amo.
87
Behind There is a choice behind every question.
Detrás de Hay una elección detrás de cada pregunta.
88
A choice We have a choice between going and not going.
Una elección Tenemos una elección entre ir o no ir.
89
Conjugate the verb, to ask for, to request To accomplish, to arrive at, to complete a goal I want to ask for a new way to accomplish what we are here to learn.
Pedir Lograr Yo pido Tú pides Él/Ella/Usted pide Nosotros/as pedimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes piden Quiero pedir una nueva forma de lograr lo que estamos aquí para aprender.
90
Conjugate to achieve, to accomplish, to succeed at, to arrive at I want to accomplish many things before I die. Don’t confuse with, To arrive We arrived at the station at 5.
Lograr Yo logro Tú logras Él/Ella/Usted logra Nosotros/as logramos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes logran Quiero lograr muchas cosas antes de morir. Llegar Llegamos a la estación a las cinco. Llegar focuses on reaching a place, position, or state. Lograr” focuses on achieving or succeeding at something.
91
Tools When I work on a project it is important to have good tools
herramientas Cuando trabajo en un proyecto, es importante tener buenas herramientas.
92
Besides, apart from Conjugate the verb, to laugh I have much to say besides the things that make you laugh.
aparte de Reir Yo río Tú ríes Él/Ella/Usted ríe Nosotros/as reímos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes ríen Tengo mucho que decir aparte de las cosas que te hacen reír. Tengo mucho que decir”: The phrase mucho que decir (much to say) requires the word “que” after mucho.
93
I will do what you ask but it is your responsibility. Two ways of saying I will do
Voy a hacer lo que me pidas, pero es tu responsabilidad. Hare
94
Age What was your age when you felt the need to sing in public.
edad ¿Cuál fue tu edad cuando sentiste la necesidad de cantar en público? Cuál fue tu edad?”: “What was your age?” is correctly phrased with cuál instead of qué when asking for specific information. Use cual, (which), when choosing between things
95
However, never the less I will learn Spanish however at times I lose patience with myself.
Sin embargo Voy a aprender español; sin embargo, a veces pierdo la paciencia conmigo mismo.
96
To rain It rains The rain begins again after it rained last night,
llover Llueve La lluvia empieza otra vez después de que llovió anoche.
97
A close friend To remember I have a close friend who remembers my birthday every year.
Cercano Recordar Tengo un amigo cercano que recuerda mi cumpleaños todos los años.
98
Mistake Fault I realize (I notice) that mistake was not your fault.
Error Culpa Me doy cuenta de que ese error no fue tu culpa. “que,” which is necessary to introduce the subordinate clause explaining what is being realized.
99
Various Bookcase To record I want to record various books that are kept on the bookcase.
Varios Estante Grabar Quiero grabar varios libros que tengo en el estante.
100
Wall Clock Author The author is famous for writing about that clock on the wall.
Pared Reloj Autor El autor es famoso por escribir sobre ese reloj en la pared.
101
Conjugate, to put, point in the past About,” “on,” “over,” or “regarding. The matter of,” “the thing about,” or “what happened with.”, referring to something previously mentioned or implied We were talking about that business with Juan, when he put that strange painting over the bed.
Yo puse I put Tú pusiste You put (informal) Él/Ella/Usted puso He/She/You (formal) put Nosotros/as pusimos We put Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes pusieron They/You all put Sobre Lo de Hablábamos de lo de Juan, cuando puso ese cuadro extraño sobre la cama.
102
Would you like something to drink?
¿Te gustaría algo de beber?
103
I would like the check.
Me gustaría la cuenta.
104
A bottle of water
Una botella de agua
105
When do you use Perdone disculpe Permiso
Perdone and disculpe are more formal and are used when apologizing or politely addressing someone. Permiso is used specifically to ask for or express permission, especially when moving through a physical space. Disculpe is slightly less formal than perdone, but both are polite ways to say “excuse me” or apologize.
106
something is lacking I’m missing/lacking money. less, fewer, or minus There are fewer people today.
Me falta dinero. Hay menos personas hoy. Falta refers to something missing or needed (a shortage or absence). Menos refers to something being less, fewer, or reduced, often used in comparisons or arithmetic.
107
Conjugate, to say Present tense Point in the past Line in the past Subjunctive present Subjunctive past Translate, A saying
Decir Yo digo Tú dices Él/Ella/Usted dice Nosotros/Nosotras decimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes dicen Point in the past) – “I said” (specific past event) Yo dije Tú dijiste Él/Ella/Usted dijo Nosotros/Nosotras dijimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes dijeron Line in the past – “I used to say” (ongoing/habitual past) Yo decía Tú decías Él/Ella/Usted decía Nosotros/Nosotras decíamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes decían yo diga tú digas él / ella / usted diga nosotros digamos ellos / ellas / ustedes digan yo dijera tú dijeras él / ella / usted dijera nosotros dijéramos ellos / ellas / ustedes dijeran Un dicho
108
To have Just done something, to finish, to complete, to run out I just cleaned the house. You just arrived. I had just entered when it started raining.
Acabar de Acabo de limpiar la casa. Acabas de llegar. Acababa de entrar cuando empezó a llover.
109
To make sense (to have sense) I don’t understand that, it doesn’t make sense.
Tener sentido No entiendo eso, no tiene sentido.
110
To be about, is about, to describe the subject or topic of something. What is the show about?
Tratarse de De que se trata la serie?
111
To Sit to seat (someone) reflexive means “to sit down.” Conjugate present tense Point in the past I sit on the chair. Would you like to sit in the chair that is the most comfortable?
sentarse Me siento Yo me siento Tú te sientas Él/Ella/Usted se sienta Nosotros nos sentamos Ellos/Ustedes se sientan Yo me senté Tú te sentaste Él/Ella/Usted se sentó Nosotros nos sentamos Ellos/Ustedes se sentaron Me siento en la silla. Te gustaría sentarte en la silla que es la más cómoda?
112
Conjugate to feel Present Point in the past I feel the cold. (non-reflexive) They felt cold. (reflexive for emotions)
Yo siento me siento Tú sientes te sientes Él/Ella/Usted siente se siente Nosotros sentimos nos sentimos Ellos/Ustedes sienten se sienten Siento el frío. I feel the cold. (non-reflexive) Me siento frio. I feel cold. (reflexive for emotions) Yo sentí me sentí Tú sentiste te sentiste Él/Ella/Usted sintió se sintió Nosotros sentimos nos sentimos Ellos/Ustedes sintieron se sintieron Siento el frio. Se sintieron frio.
113
To turn off To turn on (the lights) I turn off the lights when I leave the room. I turn on the lights when I come into (enter) the room. I turn on the television at night to help me sleep.
Apagar Encender Apago las luces cuando salgo del cuarto. Enciendo las luces cuando entro en el cuarto. Enciendo el televisor por la noche para ayudarme a dormir.
114
I haven’t been speaking Spanish for very long. (I don’t (arrive at) much time speaking Spanish.
No llevo mucho tiempo hablando espanol.
115
Fledgling For this time I am a fledgling that is growing.
Novato/a Durante este tiempo, soy un novato que está creciendo.
116
Subjunctive To answer I will answer all the questions that you have.
Contestar Voy a contestar todas las preguntas que tengas. Que tengas Using the subjunctive (tengas) is better because it refers to questions the listener might have, not necessarily ones they already have.
117
Smooth, plain I prefer plain colored t-shirts and a table with a smooth surface.
Prefiero camisetas de color liso y una mesa con una superficie lisa.
118
Up to here, this far I have walked up to here and I am glad to have come this far.
Haste Aca He caminado hasta acá y me alegra haber llegado hasta aquí.
119
To cool down Their love cools down over time.
Enfriar Su amor se enfría con el tiempo.
120
Delight The sound of the waves is a delight to my ears.
Delicia El sonido de las olas es una delicia para mis oídos.
121
Lettuce Spinach When I make a salad if I do not have lettuce I can use spinach.
Lechuga Espinaca Cuando hago una ensalada, si no tengo lechuga, puedo usar espinaca.
122
Face It is good to wash your face before bed.
Cara Es bueno lavarse la cara antes de dormir. Lavarse” instead of “lavar” – Reflexive form is more natural when talking about personal hygiene.
123
Conjugate present and point in the past, to die The dog has probably died because he was very old.
Morir Yo muero Tú mueres Él/ella muere Ellos/ellas mueren Nosotros remain regular: morimos Yo mori Tu moriste, Nosotros morimos, Él/ella murió Ellos/ellas murieron Unlike regular “-ir” verbs that end in ”-ido” (vivido, salido), morir has an irregular past participle: He muerto (I have died) Probablemente el perro ha muerto porque era muy viejo.
124
Common idioms Watch out Literal meaning: “Waters!”
¡Aguas! Origin: Comes from old times when people would throw dirty water onto the streets and would shout “¡Aguas!” as a warning.
125
Common idioms To be distracted or daydreaming Literal meaning: “To be in the clouds”
Estar en las nubes
126
Common idioms To help someone out Literal meaning: “To throw the hand” I wanted to help him out but he didn’t want it.
Echar la mano Echar, to throw Quería echarle una mano, pero no la quería.
127
Common idioms No way!” / “You’re kidding! Literal meaning: “Don’t stain”
No manches Comes from a more vulgar expression (“No mames”, don’t suck, mamar), which was softened into “No manches” in polite speech.
128
Common idioms To be really drunk Literal meaning: “To be up to the sandals”
Estar hasta las chanclas Origin: The idea is that a person is so drunk that even their sandals (chanclas) are affected.
129
Common idioms Almost / Nearly there Exact, precise, or “just about” (used for emphasis) Literal meaning: “Already almost” You arrived at the exact moment.
Ya mero Mero Llegaste en el mero momento.
130
Common idioms I lost my train of thought” or “I forgot Literal meaning: “The plane left me” (It went from me the plane)
Se me fue el avión Origin: It suggests missing something important (like a flight), just as someone might miss an idea or thought.
131
Common idioms Something is difficult or impressive Literal meaning: “It is a cannon”
Está cañón Origin: “Cañón” (cannon) gives the idea of something powerful or extreme.
132
Common idioms Translate the verb, To pretend To pretend not to notice / To avoid responsibility Literal meaning: “To make oneself a duck” By pretending there are no dirty dishes, you are avoiding your responsibility.
Fingir Yo finjo (I pretend) ← spelling change Tú finges (You pretend) Él/Ella/Usted finge (He/She/You [formal] pretends) Nosotros/as fingimos (We pretend) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes fingen (They/You all pretend) Hacerse pato Fingiendo que no hay platos que limpiar, te haces pato.” Origin: Ducks often float lazily on the water, giving the impression of doing nothing.
133
Common idioms Alright / Okay, deal Literal meaning: “It goes and it’s worth it”
Sale y vale Origin: “Sale” comes from “salir” (to go out), meaning “Let’s go.” “Vale” means “It’s okay” or “It’s valid.”
134
sometimes, once in a while, from a time when, (from time in when) Once in a while, I like to go out for a walk in the park to relax.
De vez en cuando. De vez en cuando me gusta salir a caminar por el parque para relajarme.
135
annoying To interrupt It is annoying when someone interrupts me in a conversation.
fastidioso Interrumpir Es fastidioso cuando alguien me interrumpe en una conversación.
136
Conjugate present, to pay (to pay, or to lend, to dedicate to, to provide ) I want to pay attention for the mailman.
Prestar Yo presto Tú prestas Él / Ella / Usted presta Nosotros / Nosotras prestamos Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes prestan prestar atención Quiero prestar atención al cartero.
137
To land To take off (to unstick) To stick The plane is going to land in 10 minutes. The flight will take off at 8 in the morning.
Aterrizar Despegar Pegar (so despegar means to unstick ) El avión va a aterrizar en diez minutos. El vuelo despegará a las ocho de la mañana.
138
To join, merge, unite I want to join with you on this project.
Unir Quiero unirme a ti para este proyecto.
139
To wear a costume, to wear make up I wear a costume when I don’t feel like myself.
Disfrazar Me disfrazo cuando no me siento como yo mismo.
140
To move belongings, residence I move from one place to another.
Mudar Me mudo de un lugar a otro.
141
To remove out of sight, to hide, to disappear The keys disappeared, and I can’t find them anywhere.
Desaperacer Las llaves desaparecieron y no las encuentro por ninguna parte.
142
To overwhelm Challenge, (hint, against a fight) I am overwhelmed with the challenge of learning Spanish.
Abrumar Desafío (des means against, afío sounds like a fight) Me abruma el desafío de aprender español.
143
To float I float in the air when I think of you.
Flotar Floto en el aire cuando pienso en ti.
144
To get stuck, to clog, to jam To stick, to something To try other than intentar I tried to stick the stick in the hole. I get stuck trying to remember words in Spanish.
Atascar Pegar Tratar Traté de pegar el palo dentro (also, en el) del agujero. Me atasco tratando de recordar las palabras en español. Intentar is followed by a verb without using de Tratar is always followed by de and then the verb, and is more informal than intentar Tratar without de means to treat, to deal with , to be about Él trata bien a sus amigos. → (He treats his friends well.) La película trata sobre la historia de México. → (The movie is about Mexico’s history.)
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Subjective To drive Drive the car directly to work.
Manejar Maneja el carro directo al trabajo.
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To get wet I get wet every time I wash the car.
Mojar Me mojo cada vez que lavo el carro.
147
To make a mistake I made a mistake by counting on you. We took the wrong path / We got lost.
Equivocarse Me equivoqué por contar contigo. Nos equivocamos de camino.
148
To look forward to (wait with anticipation)
Esparar con anticipación
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To save, to keep Conjugate the present I keep the money in a safe place. Trick: “A HORROR to waste money!” Think of it this way: “It’s a HORROR to waste money!”(sounds like) So you save it instead.
Ahorrar Yo ahorro Tú ahorras Él / Ella / Usted ahorra Nosotros / Nosotras ahorramos Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes ahorran Ahorro el dinero en un lugar seguro.
150
To move, emotionally
Mover
151
To excite I am excited to share this with you.
Emocionarse Me emociona compartir esto contigo.
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To suppose I suppose that we can buy the jar of nuts if you would like.
Suponer Supongo que podemos comprar el frasco de nueces si te gustaría. Podamos” → “Podemos” • “Podamos” is the subjunctive form, but here we need the indicative “podemos” because it’s a straightforward statement, not a hypothetical or uncertain action.
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To correct Conjugate the present tense Past Past imperfect, used to We used to correct all of your mistakes until we saw that you were making the best choices.
Corregir Yo corrijo Tú corriges Él/Ella/Usted corrige Nosotros/Nosotras corregimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes corrigen Yo corregí Tú corregiste Él/Ella/Usted corrigió Nosotros/Nosotras corregimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes corrigieron (They/You all corrected - Latin America) Yo corregía Tú corregías Él/Ella/Usted corregía Nosotros/Nosotras corregíamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes corregían (They/You all used to correct / were correcting - Latin America) Corregíamos todos tus errores hasta que vimos que estabas tomando las mejores decisiones.
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To focus Subjunctive If we focus on the little things the bigger things will take care of themselves.
Enfocar Si nos enfocáramos en las cosas pequeñas, las cosas grandes se cuidarían solas.
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To reach for I reached for the stars and landed on the moon.
Alcanzar Alcancé las estrellas y aterricé en la luna.
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To recognize How do you recognize when you have gone too far.
Reconocer ¿Cómo reconoces cuando has ido demasiado lejos?
157
To pull out, to carry out, to take out Before you begin studying can you take out the old clothes?
Sacar ¿Antes de comenzar tus estudios, puedes sacar la ropa vieja?
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To inspire What inspires me are the many intelligent young people.
Inspirar Lo que me inspira son las muchas personas jóvenes e inteligentes. In Spanish, when a word starts with “i” or “hi”, “y” changes to “e” for smoother pronunciation.
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To plant Conjugate the present I will plant the seeds in good soil.
Sembrar Yo, siembro Tú, siembras Él/Ella/Usted, siembra Nosotros/Nosotras, sembramos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes,siembran Sembraré las semillas en buena tierra.
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To charge (the business charged me) To charge (I charged on my credit card, I charged the electronics) The store charged me $60 before I could charge the battery of my new phone.
Cobrar Cargar La tienda me cobró sesenta dólares antes de cargar la batería de mi nuevo teléfono. Key Rule to Remember • Customer (you) → “Cargar” a la tarjeta • Business (they) → “Cobrar” al cliente • Voy a cargar la compra a mi tarjeta, pero la tienda me cobró impuestos adicionales. → (I’m going to charge the purchase to my card, but the store charged me additional taxes.)
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To rotate Let’s rotate the days we work. (Subjunctive command)
Girar Giremos los días que trabajamos.
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To reflect
Reflexionar
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To grow old To include (even when) Conjugate present, past, and imperfect past, to grow old (irregular) I am going to stay young thinking including when I grow old.
Envejecer Incluir Yo envejezco Tú envejeces Él/Ella/Usted envejece Nosotros/Nosotras envejecemos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes envejecen Yo envejecí Tú envejeciste Él/Ella/Usted envejeció Nosotros/Nosotras envejecimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes envejecieron Yo envejecía Tú envejecías Él/Ella/Usted envejecía Nosotros/Nosotras envejecíamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes envejecían Voy a quedarme joven en mis pensamientos incluso cuando envejezco. Incluso → Means “even” or “including” in a general sense. It’s an adverb. Todos fueron a la fiesta, incluso mi abuelo. (Everyone went to the party, even my grandfather.) Incluyendo → Means “including” as an action. Estoy organizando el evento incluyendo a todos los invitados. (I am organizing the event including all the guests.)
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To overcome I am going to overcome these difficult times.
Superar Voy a superar estos tiempos difíciles.
165
I used to + verb (eat, talk, live)
Solia comer, hablar, vivir
166
To get over, to overcome (reflexive) I need to get over myself.
Superar Necesito superarme a mí mismo.
167
Shirt
Camisa
168
Pants
Pantalones
169
Dress
Vestido
170
Jacket
Chaqueta
171
Socks
Calcetines
172
Fingers Toes
Dedos de la mano Dedos del pie
173
Birds -A more general and scientific term that refers to all birds, including large and small species. Birds -Refers specifically to small birds, usually songbirds or those that are commonly seen in daily life.
Aves Pájaros
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Two different slang phrases to say, How is it going? (What is passing, what do you tell me)
¿Qué está pasando? ¿Qué me cuentas?
175
Contest
Concurso
176
I do/make I put I leave I have I come I say Trick: Imagine a superhero named “Yo-go” who flies in and changes the ending to ”-go” for all these verbs!
Hacer → hago Poner → pongo Salir → salgo Tener → tengo Venir → vengo Decir → digo Trick: Imagine a superhero named “Yo-go” who flies in and changes the ending to ”-go” for all these verbs!
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E → I Stem-Changing Verbs Conjugate the present I ask I repeat I serve Trick: Think of a quick I slicing through the verb, making it shorter and sharper!
Pedir → pido, pides, pide, pedimos,, piden Repetir → repito, repites, repite, repetimos,, repiten Servir → sirvo, sirves, sirve, servimos,, sirven Trick: Think of a quick I slicing through the verb, making it shorter and sharper!
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The “U-stem” Gang These verbs take a u for point in the past I could I put I knew I had (possessive) Trick: Imagine a superhero team called the “U-stem Avengers” (Pud, Pus, Sup, and Tuv) fighting irregular verb confusion!
Poder → pud- (pude, pudiste, pudo…) Poner → pus- (puse, pusiste, puso…) Saber → sup- (supe, supiste, supo…) Tener → tuv- (tuve, tuviste, tuvo…) Trick: Imagine a superhero team called the “U-stem Avengers” (Pud, Pus, Sup, and Tuv) fighting irregular verb confusion!
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The “I-stem” Trio, point in the past I did I wanted to I came
2B. The “I-stem” Trio Hacer → hic- (hice, hiciste, hizo…) Querer → quis- (quise, quisiste, quiso…) Venir → vin- (vine, viniste, vino…) Trick: Picture a Spanish waiter offering you drinks: ”¿Hiciste un vino?” (“Did you make a wine?”) – mixing hic- (hacer) and vin- (venir)!
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Conjugate Point in the past I was I gave I saw Some verbs like ser/ir, dar, and ver have completely irregular preterite forms.
Ser/Ir → fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron Dar → di, diste, dio, dimos, dieron Ver → vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron
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To remember common irregular past participles (used with haber for perfect tenses), use this phrase: “Roto, puesto, dicho, hecho, visto, vuelto, muerto, abierto, escrito, cubierto Broken, put, said, done/made, seen, returned, died, opened, written, covered
To remember common irregular past participles (used with haber for perfect tenses), use this phrase: “Roto, puesto, dicho, hecho, visto, vuelto, muerto, abierto, escrito, cubierto.” Romper → roto (broken) Poner → puesto (put) Decir → dicho (said) Hacer → hecho (done/made) Ver → visto (seen) Volver → vuelto (returned) Morir → muerto (died) Abrir → abierto (opened) Escribir → escrito (written) Cubrir → cubierto (covered)
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Three words for Neither Used to connect two or more negative ideas I want neither coffee nor tea. Neither you nor I know the answer. Use when replacing or referring to a noun. I don’t have any (of them). I don’t like either one of them. a response word or add-on to agree negatively. I didn’t like it. Me neither. He didn’t come, and she didn’t either. It doesn’t work either.
No quiero ni café ni té. Ni tú ni yo sabemos la respuesta. No tengo ninguno. No me gusta ninguno de los dos. No me gusta. A mí tampoco. Él no vino y ella tampoco. Tampoco funciona.
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Brain
Cerebro
184
To fix , to clean up, to tidy up (to arrange) I want to tidy my home to prepare it before the arrival of the guests.
Arreglar Quiero arreglar mi casa para prepararla antes de la llegada de los invitados.
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Powerful, She is a powerful woman. strong It takes a strong person to lift that.
Poderosa/o Ella es una mujer poderosa. Fuerte Se necesita una persona fuerte para levantar eso.
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Prize For being the funny one, you win the prize.
Premio Por ser el/la gracioso/a, ganas el premio.
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To go up, to climb , to rise To go up the stairs To climb a mountain I’m going upstairs to get my jacket To get on the bus To board the plane Hurry up, we have to get on the train before it starts moving.
Subir Subir escaleras Subir una montaña Voy a subir al segundo piso para buscar mi chaqueta. Subir al autobús Subir al avión Apúrate, tenemos que subir al tren antes de que el tren empieza a moverse. prisa” is the state of rushing, while “apurar” is the action of hurrying or making someone hurry Tengo prisa (noun)
188
Almost
Casi
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To press, to push Press the button to continue. Press 1 for Spanish.
Oprimir Oprima el botón para continuar. Oprima uno para español.
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Sentence
Oracion
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Conjugate the present tense, To hear
Oír Yo oigo (I hear) Tú oyes (You hear) Él/Ella/Usted oye (He/She/You [formal] hear) Nosotros/as oímos (We hear) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes oyen (They/You all hear)
192
Conjugate point in the past, to hear
Oír (to hear) Yo oí (I heard) Tú oíste (You heard) Él/Ella/Usted oyó (He/She/You [formal] heard) Nosotros/as oímos (We heard) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes oyeron (They/You all heard)
193
Conjugate the present tense, to smell (irregular)
Oler (to smell) Yo huelo (I smell) Tú hueles (You smell) Él/Ella/Usted huele (He/She/You [formal] smells) Nosotros/as olemos (We smell) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes huelen (They/You all smell)
194
Conjugate point in the past, to smell
Oler Yo olí (I smelled) Tú oliste (You smelled) Él/Ella/Usted olió (He/She/You [formal] smelled) Nosotros/as olimos (We smelled) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes olieron (They/You all smelled)
195
Conjugate line in the past, to hear
Oír (to hear) Yo oía (I used to hear / was hearing) Tú oías (You used to hear / were hearing) Él/Ella/Usted oía (He/She/You [formal] used to hear / was hearing) Nosotros/as oíamos (We used to hear / were hearing) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes oían (They/You all used to hear / were hearing)
196
Conjugate line in the past, to smell
Oler (to smell) Yo olía (I used to smell / was smelling) Tú olías (You used to smell / were smelling) Él/Ella/Usted olía (He/She/You [formal] used to smell / was smelling) Nosotros/as olíamos (We used to smell / were smelling) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes olían (They/You all used to smell / were smelling)
197
Conjugate the present, to taste
Probar (to taste) Yo pruebo (I taste) Tú pruebas (You taste) Él/Ella/Usted prueba (He/She/You [formal] taste) Nosotros/as probamos (We taste) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes prueban (They/You all taste)
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Conjugate point in the past, to taste
Probar (to taste) Yo probé (I tasted) Tú probaste (You tasted) Él/Ella/Usted probó (He/She/You [formal] tasted) Nosotros/as probamos (We tasted) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes probaron (They/You all tasted)
199
Conjugate line in the past, to taste I was tasting the best of life.
Probar (to taste) Yo probaba (I used to taste / was tasting) Tú probabas (You used to taste / were tasting) Él/Ella/Usted probaba (He/She/You [formal] used to taste / was tasting) Nosotros/as probábamos (We used to taste / were tasting) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes probaban (They/You all used to taste / were tasting) Yo probaba lo mejor de la vida.
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To hurry, to finish quickly I hurry every morning so I’m not (to arrive) late. Yesterday, I finished my coffee quickly and ran out. (I left running) Before, we always hurried through lunch to get back to work quickly.
Apurar Me apuro todas las mañanas para no llegar tarde. Ayer apuré mi café y salí corriendo. Antes siempre apurábamos el almuerzo para volver al trabajo rápido.
201
Conjugate present tense, to move
Mover Yo muevo (I move) Tú mueves (You move) Él/Ella/Usted mueve (He/She/You [formal] moves) Nosotros/as movemos (We move) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes mueven (They/You all move)
202
Conjugate point in the past, to move Yesterday, I moved the table to the other side of the room.
Mover Yo moví (I moved) Tú moviste (You moved) Él/Ella/Usted movió (He/She/You [formal] moved) Nosotros/as movimos (We moved) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes movieron (They/You all moved) Ayer moví la mesa al otro lado del cuarto.
203
Conjugate line in the past, to move Before, we used to move the furniture in the house every year.
Mover Yo movía (I used to move / was moving) Tú movías (You used to move / were moving) Él/Ella/Usted movía (He/She/You [formal] used to move / was moving) Nosotros/as movíamos (We used to move / were moving) Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes movían (They/You all used to move / were moving) Antes movíamos los muebles de la casa cada año.
204
In which It was a night in which we all danced under the stars.
En la que Fue una noche en la que todos bailamos bajo las estrellas. en la que / en el que / en los que / en las que
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After all / In the end (at end of stories ) After all, what matters ( the importance to it) is your happiness.
A fin de cuentas A fin de cuentas, lo importante es tu felicidad.
206
From time to time / Once in a while (from time in when) I like to eat pizza once in a while.
De vez en cuando Me gusta comer pizza de vez en cuando.
207
To cost an arm and a leg, to cost a fortune (to cost an eye of the face) That car costs a fortune.
Costar un ojo de la cara Ese coche cuesta un ojo de la cara.
208
To be a piece of cake / To be very easy The exam was a piece of cake.
Ser pan comido El examen fue pan comido.
209
Well… I’m not sure,
Bueno… no estoy seguro
210
Uh… let me think for a moment. ( leave me to think)
Este… déjame pensar un momento.
211
Let me think… Let me think… I don’t remember the name of the restaurant.
Déjame pensar… Déjame pensar… no recuerdo el nombre del restaurante.
212
Let’s see… Let’s see… I think the flight leaves at 5, but I’m not sure.
A ver… A ver… creo que el vuelo sale a las cinco, pero no estoy seguro.
213
The truth is that… The truth is, I hadn’t thought about that.
La verdad es que… La verdad es que no había pensado en eso.
214
That’s a good question… (it’s a good question) That’s a good question… I think it depends on the situation.
Es una buena pregunta… Es una buena pregunta… creo que depende de la situación.
215
I’ll tell you in a second… I’ll tell you in a second, (sounds like a little hour) I just (only) need to remember the name.
Ahorita te digo… Ahorita te digo, solo necesito recordar el nombre. (Note: “Ahorita” is common in Latin America and doesn’t always mean “right now”—it can mean “in a little bit.”)
216
I wouldn’t know how to tell you… I wouldn’t know exactly how many there are.
No sabría decirte… No sabría decirte exactamente cuántos hay.
217
If I’m not mistaken… If I’m not mistaken, the event starts at 7.
Si no me equivoco… Si no me equivoco, el evento empieza a las siete.
218
Let me see how to explain this… Let me see how to explain this… it’s a bit of a complex topic.
Déjame ver cómo lo explico… Déjame ver cómo lo explico… es un tema un poco complejo.
219
As I was saying… As I was saying, it’s complicated to make a decision.
7. Como te decía… Como te decía, es complicado tomar una decisión.
220
I am very thankful for you. (With you)
Estoy muy agradecido contigo.
221
to take To make decisions, literally: to take decisions To sunbathe literally: to take the sun To take seriously literally: to take in serious
Tomar Tomar decisiones Tomar el sol Tomar en serio
222
to have, to possess To be right, literally: to have reason I need to be right with this decision. To be in a hurry literally: to have hurry I have to hurry to catch (to arrive at) the train. To feel like (doing something) literally: to have desire (wins) of I feel like doing something valuable.
Tener Tener razón Necesito tener razón con esta decisión. Tener prisa Tengo que darme prisa para llegar al tren. Tener ganas de Tengo ganas de hacer algo valioso.
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to put To pay attention literally: to put attention To start a project, vehicle, or machine literally: TO PUT IN MOTION To roll one’s eyes literally: to put the eyes in white To run, to progress, to function properly (hint, to march) THE progress The progress of the project is going well. The car is running/in motion.
Poner Poner atención Poner en marcha Poner los ojos en blanco Marchar La marcha La marcha del proyecto va bien. El coche está en marcha.
224
to throw To miss someone or something: literally: to throw less I miss the time I had with you. To blame someone literally: to throw the blame I blame the person that lied to me. To lend a hand/help literally: to throw a hand To deserve I lend a hand to those that deserve it.
Echar Echar de menos Echo de menos el tiempo que tenia contigo. Echar la culpa Le echo la culpa a la persona que me mintió. (Past of he she you formal, mentir, irregular) Echar una mano Merecer Echo una mano a aquellos que lo merecen.
225
to give To go for a walk literally: to give a walk To scare/frighten literally: to give fear To realize literally: to give account of
Dar 1. Dar un paseo 2. Dar miedo 3. Dar cuenta de
226
Butter
Mantequilla
227
Croissant
Cruasán (or cuerno in some parts of Mexico)
228
Scone
Panecillo (though scones aren’t as common in Spanish-speaking countries, so some people might just say scone)
229
To mix Would you mix the reds with the greens?
Mezclar ¿Te gusta mezclar los rojos con los verdes?
230
To enter
Entrar
231
Honey
miel de abeja
232
To sweeten
endulzar
233
To rise, to raise, to pick up To stand up I rise early.
Levantar Levantarse Me levanto temprano.
234
To pull Pull the door to open it.
Jalar Jala la puerta para abrirla.
235
To push Push the chair toward the table.
Empujar Empuja la silla hacia la mesa.
236
Arrive at At what time did you get home?
Llegar a ¿A qué hora llegaste a casa?
237
To manage to, to end up doing something, to become After many years he became (arrived to be) president.
Llegar + infinitive Después de muchos años, llegó a ser presidente.
238
Over time you will come (will arrive to) to understand it.
Con el tiempo, llegarás a entenderlo.
239
If you keep training you will eventually (you will arrive at) run a marathon.
Si sigues entrenando, llegarás a correr un maratón.
240
To receive, messages, calls, packages I got( they arrived to me) two text messages.
Me llegaron dos mensajes de texto.
241
We received(it arrived to us) a package from Mexico.
Nos llegó un paquete de México.
242
To reach a certain amount or level The video reached a million views.
El video alcanzó un millón de vistas.
243
My grandfather made it (arrived at, achieved) to 90 years old.
Mi abuelo llegó a los noventa años.
244
To extend to, to cover a distance The water reached (arrived up to ) the door.
El agua llegó hasta la puerta.
245
The line goes (arrives up to) all the way to the corner.
La fila llega hasta la esquina.
246
To have an emotional impact His words really ( arrived to the heart) touched me.
Sus palabras me llegaron al corazón.
247
That movie really got to me. ( arrived much)
Esa pelicula me llegó mucho.
248
To be enough, to be sufficient I don’t have enough ( it doesn’t arrive to me) money to buy it.
Llegar para No me llega el dinero para comprarlo.
249
To come so far, to go so far No one imagined that Sofia would get so far (arrive so far) in her career.
Nadie imaginaba que Sofia llegaría tan lejos en su carrera.
250
To go as far as In the argument, Mario went so far as (arrived at) to insult his boss.
En la discusión Mario llegó a insultar a su jefe.
251
Excuse me. Can you tell me where the library is?
Perdona. ¿Me puedes decir dónde está la biblioteca?
252
Is there a restaurant nearby?
¿Por aquí cerca hay un restaurante?
253
Excuse me, do you know any cafés in this area?
Disculpe, ¿conoce algún café por esta zona?
254
How far is the park from here?
¿A cuánto está el parque de aquí?
255
Is this the way to downtown?
¿Este es el camino hacia el centro?
256
I’m looking for the pharmacy
Estoy buscando la farmacia
257
I need to find a bank
Necesito encontrar un banco
258
I’m looking for the subway entrance (metro stop)
Busco la parada del metro
259
North South East West
Norte Sur Este Oeste
260
Right Left
Derecha Izquierda
261
Straight ahead Forward Backward
Derecho Adelante Atrás
262
In front Far Near/Close
En frente Lejos Cerca de
263
Next to (to the side) Inside Outside
Al lado Adentro Afuera
264
On the corner Upstairs Downstairs
En la esquina Arriba Abajo
265
Across from ( in front of) Beside (together at) On this side (from this side) On that side (from the other side)
En frente de Junto a De este lado Del otro lado
266
Straight ahead Forward, to advance, to move forward We need to move forward the project. I’m going to set (to move forward) my watch five minutes ahead. Backward In front
Derecho Adelante Adelantar Necesitamos adelantar el proyecto. Voy a adelantar mi reloj cinco minutos. Atrás En frente
267
To translate Conjugate the present tense
Traducir Yo traduzco Tú traduces Él/Ella/Usted traduce Nosotros/Nosotras traducimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes traducen
268
The phone broke on me / My phone broke. I forgot the key / The key was forgotten by me. My shirt got dirty on me. to get dirty Conjugate the present
Se me rompió el teléfono. Se me olvidó la llave. Se me ensució la camisa. Ensuciar Yo ensucio Tú ensucias Él/Ella/Usted ensucia Nosotros/Nosotras ensuciamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes ensucian Se, with me, te, nos, le, les + the reflexive verb means, on me
269
I feel a little bad, I think I have a cold.)
Me siento un poco mal, creo que tengo un resfriado.
270
Each leaf is a new idea that appears when someone asks me a question.
Cada hoja es una idea nueva que aparece cuando alguien me hace una pregunta.
271
to flow Conjugation in Present Tense:
Fluir Yo fluyo Tú fluyes Él/Ella/Usted fluye Nosotros/Nosotras fluimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes fluyen
272
Bone Eventually I will comprehend Spanish through to the bone.
Hueso Eventualmente comprenderé español hasta los huesos.
273
But rather / But instead
Sino
274
To flutter, to fly around The birds fly around feeling free.
Revolotear Yo revoloteo Tú revoloteas Él/Ella/Usted revolotea Nosotros/Nosotras revoloteamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes revolotean Los aves revolotean les sienten libre.
275
Pieces Little pieces / Small bits
pedazos Pedacitos
276
owl
Búho
277
Subjunctive Another way to say again rather than, outra vez. I don’t want the door to close on me again.
No quiero que la puerta vuelva a cerrarse. Use (a) after vuelva (subjunctive) because volver is a verb of movement.
278
I don’t want it to happen again.
No quiero que vuelva a pasar. Subjunctive, vuelva
279
The conjugation for the mood tense in the past is the same for the line in the past and the point in the past To find the subjunctive for the past, begin with the, they form. aron becomes aran - ieron becomes ieran Conjugate the subjunctive past, to speak, to eat, to live
Yo hablara Tú hablaras Él / Ella / Usted hablara Nosotros/as habláramos Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes hablaran Yo comiera Tú comieras Él / Ella / Usted comiera Nosotros/as comiéramos Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes comieran Yo viviera Tú vivieras Él / Ella / Usted viviera Nosotros/as viviéramos Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes vivieran
280
Subjunctive I wanted that they eat with us.
Queria que comieran con nosotros.
281
Subjunctive I was hoping that he would call me.
Esparaba que me llamara.
282
We needed to speak with him. Subjunctive We needed that he speak, (spoke) with us.
Necesitábamos hablar con el. Necesitábamos que hablara con nosotros.
283
I called you again to organize. (I returned to call you) Subjunctive I called you again so that we organize.
Volví a llamarte para organizar. Volví (a) because volver is a verb of movement Volví a llamarte para que organizáramos.
284
Wedding They invited me to the wedding but I couldn’t go.
Boda Me invitaron a la boda, pero no pude ir. Pude – Refers to a specific event where you tried and actually succeeded. Podía – Describes ongoing ability or possibility in the past, without saying if it actually happened.
285
To throw (To throw the ball) To throw away (To throw away the trash) To pull (To pull the rope) To throw the house out of the window ( when you throw a celebration with no expenses spared.)
Tirar la pelota Tirar la basura Tirar de la cuerda Tirar la casa por la ventana Tirar To throw forcefully To discard, get rid of ( don’t confuse to throw with, to take out, Sacar.) Or Echar, To throw gently/drop in To put in, pour, add Échale sal a la sopa. → Add salt to the soup.
286
Indicating location or position (similar to “on top of” or “over”): The book is on the table. The painting hangs over the couch. Indicating a topic ( “about”): We talked about the trip to Mexico. I read an article about the history of the Mayans. Indicating approximation “around” or “approximately” We will arrive around five in the afternoon. The cost is about $20.
SOBRE El libro está sobre la mesa. El cuadro cuelga sobre el sofá. Hablamos sobre el viaje a México. Leí un artículo sobre la historia de los mayas. Llegaremos sobre las cinco de la tarde. El costo es sobre veinte dólares.
287
To drift, (mind drifting) To drift (a boat drifting) The edge My mind drifts whenever I come to the edge of the lake. The boat drifted toward the coast.
Divagar Derivar Al borde Mi mente divaga cuando llego al borde del lago. El barco derivó hacia la costa.
288
Up ahead (more forward)
Mas adelante
289
Home
El Hogar
290
To build Conjugate the present They build modern houses.
Construir Yo construyo Tú construyes Él/Ella/Usted construye Nosotros/Nosotras construimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes construyen Ellos construyen casas modernas.
291
Diamonds
Diamantes
292
A sign, a signal
Una Señal
293
Subjunctive That you bought it, that you might have bought it, the fact that you bought it… is not my problem. That you told him is not my problem.
Que lo compraras no es mi problema. Que le contaras no es mi problema.
294
Subjunctive, use after (if) If I could cook I would cook. If I could cancel it I would cancel it.
Si pudiera cocinar, cocinaría. Si pudiera cancelarlo, lo cancelaría.
295
Subjunctive If you had told me it I would have gone.
Si me lo hubieras contado habría ido.
296
Subjunctive If we had known we would have gone.
Si hubieramos sabido, hubriamos ido.
297
Subjective If you saw it you would understand it. Formal
Si lo viera lo entendería.
298
To hang Conjugate the present To hang or lay out, conjugate the present, emphasizing stretching out I hang my jacket in the closet. They hang the painting on the wall. We hang the clothes on the drying rack.
Colgar Yo cuelgo Tú cuelgas Él/Ella/Usted cuelga Nosotros/Nosotras colgamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes cuelgan Tender Yo Tiendo Tu Tiendas El, ella Tienda Nosotros Tendamos Ellos Tiendan Yo cuelgo mi chaqueta en el armario. Ellos cuelgan el cuadro en la pared. Nosotros colgamos la ropa en el tendedero.
299
“to pick up,” “to gather,” or “to collect.” (Recover) Conjugate the present I pick up the kids from school. You clear the table after dinner. We collect the trash from the park.
Recoger Yo recojo Tú recoges Él/Ella/Usted recoge Nosotros/Nosotras recogemos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes recogen Yo recojo a los niños de la escuela. Tú recoges la mesa después de cenar. Nosotros recogemos la basura del parque.
300
A bother (2 ways of saying)
Una molestia, un festidio.
301
To check, to verify I am going to check on the food.
Checar Voy a checar la comida.
302
Conjugate the verb+ I form, present and subjunctive To bring To extract To attract To contract To distract I distract myself
Traer, Traigo, traiga Extraer, extraigo extraiga Atraer, atraigo, atraiga Contraer, contraigo, contraiga Distraer, distraigo, distraiga Me distraigo
303
Conjugate the subjunctive, present and past To come
Verbs where the irregular I form, present tense end in go, the go becomes ga in the subjunctive and follows through with the different pronouns, the past conjugation follows the ieran or with ar verbs, aran forms. Yo venga Tú vengas Él/Ella/Usted venga Nosotros/Nosotras vengamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes vengan Yo viniera Tú vinieras Él/Ella/Usted viniera Nosotros/Nosotras viniéramos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes vinieran
304
I have seen it I have seen it go through many variations.
Lo he visto Lo he visto pasar por muchas variaciones. Ir a través de, This phrase is unnatural in Spanish when referring to changes or processes. Instead, we use “pasar por” (to go through).
305
Of course
Por supuesto
306
Subjunctive formal Put it here Don’t put it here
Pongalo aqui No lo ponga aqui Remember that in positive commands the article goes after the subjunctive verb In negative commands it goes before the verb
307
Subjunctive informal command Put it Have it complete by Monday Leave Tell me Tell me when you come Tell me when you do it ( formally)
Ponlo Tenlo completo para el lunes. Sal Dime Dime cuando vengas ( vengas because you are referring to the future so you use the subjunctive) Diga me cuando lo haga With (go) ending verb informal positive commands, drop the go. For a formal command you still use, the subjunctive, put it, pongalo.
308
I will have I would have I will come I would come We would come later but we don’t have time. I will put it here. I would leave, (go out) I would put it here. I will put it here. We would put it here. We will put it here. I would leave Will you go out tonight?
The verbs that conjugate with go as their (I) ending contract in the future and would tense Tendré tendría Vendré vendría Vendríamos tarde, pero no tenemos tiempo. Lo pondré aquí. Lo pondría aquí. Lo podríamos poner aquí. Lo pondremos aquí. Saldría. ¿Saldrás esta noche?
309
I will do (make) We will do We would do We would do it but we are busy now.
Haré Haremos Haríamos Lo haríamos pero estamos ocupados ahora.
310
Irregular I would say I will say I will tell you later.
Diría Diré Te diré mas tarde. Or, Te digo mas tarde. ( mas tarde already implies the future)
311
Supposed, alleged Her supposed friend left her. The alleged evidence was not real.
Supuesta/o Su supuesta amiga la dejó. La supuesta evidencia no era real.
312
To say Conjugate point in the past
Decir Dije I said Dijo he she you formal said Dijiste you said informal Dijimos we said Dijeron they said
313
Subjunctive triggers Antes de que Before the movie begins I have to buy popcorn. Before the rooster sings (crows) we must get up in order to go to work.
Antes de que empiece la pelicula , tengo que comprar palomitas. Antes de que cante el gallo, debemos levantarnos para ir a trabajar. Deberíamos is also correct but means should, debemos means must
314
The subjunctive conjugation for To go
Yo vaya Tú vayas Él/Ella/Usted vaya Nosotros/Nosotras vayamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes vayan
315
The subjunctive conjugation for, ser, to be
Yo sea Tú seas Él/Ella/Usted sea Nosotros/Nosotras seamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes sean
316
The subjunctive conjugation for estar, to be
Yo esté Tú estés Él/Ella/Usted esté Nosotros/Nosotras estemos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes estén
317
Subjunctive so be it.
que así sea. so be it (a way of accepting something)
318
Irregular ser I have been very patient. You have been a good friend. She has been a teacher for many years. We have been responsible. They have been very kind.
Yo he sido muy paciente. Tú has sido un buen amigo. Ella ha sido profesora por muchos años. Nosotros hemos sido responsables. Ellos han sido muy amables.
319
Compose I compose You compose Expose I expose You expose Oppose I oppose You oppose
Componer Yo compongo Tú compones Exponer Yo expongo Tú expones Opener Yo opongo Tú opones
320
To do, to make Conjugate, point in the past He did the homework.
Hacer Yo hice Tú hiciste Él/Ella/Usted hizo Nosotros/Nosotras hicimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes hicieron Él hizo la tarea. Hice (from “hacer” Hube (from “haber” Hube is rarely used; in most cases, people use “había” (imperfect form) instead: Había terminado instead of “Hube terminado.”
321
Conjugate to come, point in the past I came early to the meeting. Did you come to the party yesterday?
Venir Yo vine Tú viniste Él/Ella/Usted vino Nosotros/Nosotras vinimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes vinieron Yo vine temprano a la reunión. ¿Tú viniste a la fiesta ayer?
322
Conjugate, to bring, point in the past I brought food for the party. Did you bring your passport?
Traer Yo traje Tú trajiste Él/Ella/Usted trajo Nosotros/Nosotras trajimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes trajeron Yo traje comida para la fiesta. ¿Tú trajiste tu pasaporte?
323
Ser, subjunctive past conjugation If I were rich, I would travel the world. I didn’t think he was that smart. I wish we were more patient.
Yo fuera Tú fueras Él/Ella/Usted fuera Nosotros/Nosotras fuéramos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes fueran Si yo fuera rico, viajaría por el mundo. No creía que él fuera tan inteligente. Ojalá fuéramos más pacientes. Pacientes People (patients) or the plural form of “patient” as an adjective. Paciencia The concept of patience (noun).
324
Subjunctive If I had it I would tell you.
Si lo tuviera te lo contaría.
325
Subjunctive I wanted them to do it.
Quería que lo hicieran.
326
Subjunctive I wanted that we do it.
Quería que lo hiciéramos.
327
Conjugate must
Yo debo Tú debes Él/Ella/Usted debe Nosotros/Nosotras debemos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes deben
328
To lie down, to go to bed I need to lie down (for a while).
Acostarse Necesito acostarme por un rato.
329
Subjunctive To accomplish, to fulfill, to turn a certain age I hope that he reaches 90 years old.
Cumplir Espero que él cumpla noventa años.
330
Anyways
De todos modos
331
Mirror Place the mirror on the center of the wall.
Espejo Pon el espejo en el centro de la pared.
332
To kiss Kiss your chances goodbye.
Besar Ya puedes besar tu suerte adiós.
333
To erase I want to erase all of your discomfort.
Borrar Quiero borrar toda tu incomodidad.
334
the early light before the sun rises. the actual sunrise or the process of the sun appearing.
Aurora Amanecer
335
The back To scratch Subjunctive I wish that I could scratch my back.
La espalda Rascar Deseo que me rascara la espalda. I wish that I scratched my back. You’re mixing present subjunctive with a conditional-like idea, so we switch to the imperfect subjunctive for this wishful tone. Also, “me” is needed since you’re scratching your own back.
336
Not even, neither I don’t like people who talk too much or too loud.
Ni No me gustan las personas que hablan demasiado ni muy fuerte.
337
Government
Gobierno
338
Longings desires The yearning for freedom is universal.
anhelos El anhelo de libertad es universal.
339
Fiery, passionate His fiery words reflected his anger. Conjugate reflect, line in the past
Ardiente Sus palabras ardientes reflejaban su enojo. yo reflejaba tú reflejabas él/ella/usted reflejaba nosotros/as reflejábamos ellos/ellas/ustedes reflejaban
340
To bite I bite before I kiss.
Morder Muerdo antes de besar.
341
Availability Available We are available for the next occasion.
Disponibilidad Disponible Estamos disponibles para la próxima ocasión.
342
Suggestions
sugerencias
343
Pressure
Presión
344
Instead
En lugar de En vez de
345
Advise, council
Consejo
346
Whatever, whichever, any Almost I can eat almost anything.
Cualquier Casi Puedo comer casi cualquier cosa.
347
to empty or to drain. (Hint, to vacate) Empty, the adjective Conjugation Present Tense Please empty the jar before you open a new one. (Informal command) My stomach feels empty.
vaciar vacío Yo vacío Tú vacías Él/Ella/Usted vacía Nosotros vaciamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes vacían Por favor, vacía el frasco antes de abrir uno nuevo. Mi estómago se siente vacío.
348
Flashcards, study cards I use flashcards to memorize Spanish phrases.
Fishas Uso fichas para memorizar las frases en español.
349
Subjunctive I want you to count on me. (Count with me)
Quiero que cuentes conmigo.
350
Subjunctive We hope that they count on Maria.
Esperamos que cuenten con María.
351
Do you have a table for two?
¿Tienen una mesa para dos?
352
Cup
Taza
353
Knife
Cuchillo
354
There was
Hubo
355
To follow, to continue Conjugate the present I keep learning Spanish.
Seguir Yo sigo Tú sigues Él/Ella/Usted sigue Nosotros/Nosotras seguimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes siguen Yo sigo aprendiendo español.
356
To follow, to continue Conjugate point in the past He followed my advice.
Seguir Yo seguí Tú seguiste Él/Ella/Usted siguió Nosotros/Nosotras seguimos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes siguieron Él siguió mis consejos.
357
To follow, to continue Conjugate the line in the past We were following the instructions.
Seguir Yo seguía Tú seguías Él/Ella/Usted seguía Nosotros/Nosotras seguíamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes seguían Nosotros seguíamos las instrucciones.
358
To follow, to continue Conjugate the subjunctive I hope he keeps studying.
Seguir Yo siga Tú sigas Él/Ella/Usted siga Nosotros/Nosotras sigamos Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes sigan Espero que él siga estudiando.
359
What if….
¿Qué tal si?…
360
Subjunctive It is necessary that (use faltar) It is necessary that we eat soon.
Hace falta que Hace falta que comamos pronto.
361
Subjunctive I prefer that he stays. I prefer that they stay. I prefer that they don’t stay here. I prefer that you give it to him. (informal)
Prefiero que se quede. Prefiero que se queden. Prefiero que no se queden aquí. Prefiero que se lo des.
362
Generic term for husband or wife
cónyuge
363
Page How many pages are in the book.
Página ¿Cuántas páginas tiene el libro?
364
Ground floor I used to live on the main floor.
Planta baja Solía vivir en la planta baja.
365
To deliver Could you deliver the large bottle of water on Monday?
Entregar ¿Podría entregar la botella grande de agua el lunes?
366
To offer Which offer gives me the best protection?
Ofrecer ¿Cuál oferta me da la mejor protección?
367
Season When is the season of the witch.
Estación ¿Cuándo es la estación de la bruja?
368
Others The others are thinking the opposite.
Demás Los demás están pensando lo opuesto. Lo opuesto” instead of “el opuesto”—In Spanish, we use lo before adjectives turned into abstract nouns, like lo opuesto (the opposite).
369
Thickness What is the thickness of the wood.
Grosor ¿Cuál es el grosor de la madera?
370
Daily I take vitamins daily.
Diario Tomo vitaminas a diario.
371
To sweat When I exercise I sweat a lot.
Sudar Cuando hago ejercicio, sudo mucho.
372
Halfway Let’s meet halfway.
Mitad Nos encontramos a mitad de camino.
373
Brochure Please take a brochure before you leave.
Folleto Por favor, toma un folleto antes de irte. More conversational Por favor, tome un folleto antes de salir. Formal “usted” version
374
To travel I want to travel to each Latin country.
Recorrer Quiero recorrer cada país latino.
375
Older This person is many years older than the others.
Mayor Esta persona es muchos años mayor que los demás. Mayor is used when referring to a person.
376
Drunk I was drunk on love.
Borracho Estaba borracho de amor.
377
To achieve Eager I am eager to make the changes for a better tomorrow.
Lograr Ansioso Estoy ansioso por los cambios para lograr un mejor mañana.
378
Cleaning rag Can someone pass me a rag?
Trapo ¿Alguien me pasa un trapo?
379
Belly My belly is full but I still have room for dessert.
Estómago El estómago está lleno, pero aún tengo espacio para el postre.
380
Harmony There was harmony before you began to speak. Subjunctive
Armonía Había armonía antes de que comenzaras a hablar.
381
To tangle Don’t tangle with a master.
Enredar No te enredes con un maestro.
382
Tender You speak with a tender heart.
Tierno/a Hablas con el corazón tierno.
383
To stretch Neck I will not stretch my neck out for you.
Estirar Cuello No estiraré el cuello por ti.
384
To Distill Let’s distill the thoughts to reach a compromise.
Destilar Destilemos nuestras ideas para llegar a un compromiso.
385
To survive If I survive this I will be a new person.
Sobrevivir Si sobrevivo esto, seré una nueva persona.
386
Herbs I have grown many types of herbs in this town.
Hierbas He crecido muchos tipos de hierbas en este pueblo.
387
Subjunctive to assure, to make sure, to ensure, to secure (sounds like, a secure) Shower When you shower make sure the water isn’t cold.
Asegurar Ducha Cuando te duches, asegúrate de que el agua no esté fría.
388
Recently Recently I lost the keys to the car.
Recién Recién perdí las llaves del auto.
389
To keep (to guard) I keep the glasses on the top shelf.
Guardar Guardo los vasos en el estante alto.
390
Crack (sounds like grit) Ceiling I am looking for cracks in the ceiling.
Techo Busco grietas en el techo.
391
Subjunctive To pour, (to serve) Please pour me a drink.
Servir Por favor, sírvame una bebida.
392
To disappoint (deception) I get disappointed in myself easily.
Decepcionar Me decepciono de mí mismo fácilmente.
393
Waist If your waist becomes any smaller you will disappear.
Cintura Si tu cintura se vuelve más pequeña, vas a desaparecer.
394
Sharp Glass The broken glass has many sharp edges.
Afilado Vidrios El vidrio roto tiene muchos bordes afilados.
395
Subjunctive To jump Jump when you see it coming.
Brincar Brinca cuando lo veas venir.
396
To jump down (Give) Take three steps and then jump down.
Brincar Da tres pasos y luego brinca.
397
Sidewalk Use the sidewalk if you want to feel safe.
Banqueta Usa la banqueta si quieres sentirte seguro.
398
To tear Fabric (sounds like tailor) Tear the fabric into many pieces.
Rasgar Rasga la tela en muchos pedazos.
399
To drip The key is remembering when the faucet drips.
Gotear La llave es recordar cuándo la llave gotea.
400
Wound To bandage Bandage the wound and carry on.
Herida Vendar Venda la herida y sigue adelante.
401
to make something fixed or focused — either physically (like fixing to a wall), or mentally (like fixing your eyes or attention on something). Sidewalk to step down or get off something Watch yourself stepping off the sidewalk.
Fijar -trick to remember (to make something fixed or focused) Banqueta bajarse de Fíjate bien cuando bajes de la banqueta.
402
To say, conjugate the subjunctive Worker Let the workers speak their truth.
yo diga tú digas él / ella / usted diga nosotros/as digamos ellos / ellas / ustedes digan Obrero/a Permita que los obreros digan su verdad.
403
(Put) Heavy As heavy as things become keep reaching for the stars.
Pesados Cuando las cosas se pongan pesadas, sigue alcanzando las estrellas.
404
To bend It’s easier to bend than to break.
Agacharse Es más fácil agacharse que romperse.
405
Wheel to stop oneself (detain) The wheel of time stops for no one.
Rueda detenerse Think of “detener” as “to detain” La rueda del tiempo no se detiene por nadie.
406
Calf My calf is sore (pained) from the fall.
Pantorrilla La pantorrilla está adolorida por la caída.
407
Hammer I want to hammer with a hammer.
Martillo Quiero martillar con un martillo.
408
Drawer (also slang for guts) To be stuck Pull on the drawer if it gets stuck.
Cajón Atascar Jala el cajón si está atascado.
409
Certainty (noun) We can’t act without certainty. I have the certainty that I did the right thing.
Certeza No podemos actuar sin certeza. Tengo la certeza de que hice lo correcto. So it’s usually paired with verbs like tener (to have) or used in expressions like: con certeza = with certainty
410
Chain The chain of events happened very quick.
Cadena La cadena de eventos pasó muy rápido.
411
smooth referring to a smooth texture She has very smooth skin. smooth movement or speech The dancer made smooth moves smooth surface The rock has a smooth surface.
Suave Ella tiene piel muy suave. Fluido La bailarina creyó que sus movimientos eran fluidos. Liso La piedra tiene una superficie lisa.
412
Chapter This ends another chapter in your life.
Capítulo Esto termina otro capítulo en tu vida.
413
Company, business Keep the business running at all cost.
Empresa Mantén la empresa en marcha a toda costa. Mantener is built from tener, which is irregular in many forms. The affirmative tú command of tener is ten. So, for mantener, the tú command becomes: Mantén – Keep / Maintain en marcha = running / in operation.
414
To slice Cut the bread in fine slices.
Rebanar Corta el pan en rebanadas finas.
415
Floor above I live on the floor above and she lives on the main floor.
Planta alta Yo vivo en la planta alta y ella vive en la planta baja.
416
At least At least there is tomorrow.
Al menos Al menos hay un mañana. Un mañana a tomorrow Una mañana one morning
417
Believe in yourself, even when others don’t.
Cree en ti mismo, incluso cuando otros no lo hagan.
418
Don’t let fear stop you.
No dejes que el miedo te detenga. dejar que = to let go/ allow detener = to stop te detenga = subjunctive form for stop you
419
Take one step at a time.
Da un paso a la vez. dar un paso = to take a step a la vez = at a time
420
Each day is a new opportunity.
Cada día es una nueva oportunidad. cada día = each day nueva oportunidad = new opportunity
421
Matter To resolve, take care I have to take care of an important matter this afternoon.
Asunto Resolver Tengo que resolver un asunto importante esta tarde.
422
To supply The supplies The doctor is going to supply medicine. The supplies arrived yesterday.
Suministrar Los suministros El medico va a suministrar medicinas. Los suministros llegaron ayer.
423
To Carry / To Take Something Somewhere You’re physically transporting something or someone. I’m carrying a backpack. Can you take this package to the office?
Llevo una mochila. ¿Puedes llevar este paquete a la oficina? Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
424
To Wear (Clothing or Accessories) You’re wearing something. She’s wearing a red dress. What are you wearing? I have put on the jacket.
Ella lleva un vestido rojo. ¿Qué llevas puesto? He puesto la chaquete. So the full idea behind “llevar puesto” is: “to carry (llevar) something that has been put on (puesto)”, i.e., wearing clothes. Puesto is from poner, the past participle like carrying the clothes (I have put on) Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
425
To Take Someone Somewhere Like giving someone a ride or guiding them. I’m taking my brother to the airport. Can you take me downtown?
Llevo a mi hermano al aeropuerto. ¿Puedes llevarme al centro? Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
426
To Lead or Be Ahead Used with distance, time, or score. I’m five minutes ahead of you. Mexico is two goals ahead of Brazil.
Te llevo cinco minutos. México le lleva dos goles a Brasil.
427
To Have Been Doing Something for a Period of Time (to arrive at, to carry a period of time)) Used with a duration + present participle (gerundio). I’ve been studying Spanish for three years. How long have you been working here?
Llevo tres años estudiando español. ¿Cuánto tiempo llevas trabajando aquí? Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
428
To Get Along With, (carries, moves well with, “con”) Talking about relationships. I get along well with my neighbors. He doesn’t get along with his boss.
Me llevo bien con mis vecinos. No se lleva con su jefe. Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
429
To Handle or Manage (carries the responsibility) Often used informally. I manage the business accounts. She’s handling the event organization.
Llevo las cuentas del negocio. Ella lleva la organización del evento. Fun Clue to Remember “Llevar”: Think of it as “to lead or transport something” — whether it’s clothes on your body, a friend to a place, or time that you’ve carried doing something.
430
To be left / remain (quantity or time) Used like “to be left” or “remain” when talking about things or time. Only one chair is left. We have 10 minutes left.
Solo queda una silla. Nos quedan 10 minutos.
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To stay in thought, to agree on something / to remain with plans (usually with people) Like saying “to arrange to meet” or “agree on something.” We agreed to meet at 6 at the café. Shall we meet tomorrow to study?
Quedamos a las 6 en el café. ¿Quedamos mañana para estudiar?
432
To suit / fit (clothing or style)( it stays on you) Often reflexive That dress looks great on you. The pants are too small for me.
quedarse bien/mal. Ese vestido te queda muy bien. Los pantalones me quedan pequeños.
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To end up / to remain, to be left in a certain state (also reflexive) He ended up without money. I was left surprised / I ended up surprised.
Se quedó sin dinero. Me quedé sorprendido.
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to keep something I’ll keep this jacket. to agree on We agreed to go to the movies.
Quedarse con – to keep something Me quedo con esta chaqueta. Quedar en – to agree on Quedamos en ir al cine.
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The yo form is irregular, the rest of the conjugation stays the same To fall To value To give To do To put To know To go out To bring
Caer- Caigo Valer- Valgo Dar- Doy Poner- Pongo Salir- Salgo Traer- Traigo
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Cer, cir endings the are irregular only in the yo form To know, familiar with To seem To drive, to lead, to conduct To appear, to show up To grow To deserve, to merit To offer To obey
Conocer- Conozco Parecer- Parezco Conducir- Conduzco Aperecer- Aperezco Crecer- Crezco Merecer- Merezco Ofrecer- Ofrezco Obedecer- Obedezco
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Uir verbs that drop the I and insert a y in all forms except the we form To destroy To conclude To construct To contribute To influence To flee, run away, escape
Destruir- Destruyo Concluir- Concluyo Construir- Construyo Contribuir- Contribuyo Influir- Influyo Huir- huyo
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E to ie verb change except in the we form To close To begin To lie To understand To think To lose To prefer To want
Cerrar- Cierro Empezar- Empiezo Mentir- Miento Entender- Entiendo Pensar- Pienso Perder- Pierdo Preferir- Prefiero Querer- Quiero
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Verbs that change e to I in all forms except the we form To ask for To measure To repeat To continue, to follow To serve
Pedir- Pido Medir- Mido Repetir- Repido Seguir- Sigo Servir- Sirvo
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O to ue verbs in all forms except the we form To move To return To sleep To be able To return, to give back To die To taste To dream To remember To show
Mover- Muevo Volver - Vuelvo Dormir- Duermo Poder- Puedo Devolver- Devuelvo Morir- Muero Probar- Pruebo Soñar- Sueño Recordar- Recuerdo Mostrar- Muestro
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Irregular Past tense verbs point and line in the past To go To be To be (a state) To play To do To want To say, to tell To see To be able To know
Ir- Fui, Iba Ser- Fui, Era Estar- Estuve, Estaba Jugar- Jugué, Jugaba Hacer- Hice, Hacía Querer- Quise, Quería (quise means I tried, quería means I wanted) Decir- Dije, Decía Ver- Vi, Veía Poder- Pude, Podía Saber- Supe, Sabía
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Besides Stubborn Besides being stubborn I am not very intelligent.
Además Terca/o Además de ser terco, no soy muy inteligente.
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Even I am a smooth talker even when I am nervous.
Incluso Yo soy un hablador suave, incluso cuando estoy nervioso.
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Although I can dance well although I have two left feet.
Aunque Puedo bailar bien, aunque tengo dos pies izquierdos.
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Still I still understand and so I stay.
Aún así Aun así, entiendo, y así me quedo.
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That’s why That’s why I stay far from it.(that)
Por eso Por eso me quedo lejos de eso.
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Never the less (no obstruction) Never the less you should do it.
No obstante No obstante, deberías hacerlo.
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So that (for that) So that is why you are refusing. (Contrary)
Para que Por eso es que estás en contra.
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Therefore Therefore I will no longer walk the same path.
Por lo tanto Por lo tanto, no volveré a caminar el mismo camino.
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Likewise (so same) Likewise I will do better.
Asimismo Asimismo, voy a hacerlo mejor.
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Well, so So when will we receive the message to leave.
Pues ¿Pues, cuándo recibiremos el mensaje para salir?
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Irregular subjunctive verbs, yo form To be (character) To go To be (a state) To have (not ownership) To have (ownership) To do, make To say To put To come To see
ser- sea sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean ir- vaya vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan estar- esté esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén haber- haya haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan tener- tenga tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengan hacer- haga haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagan decir- diga diga, digas, diga, digamos, digan poner- ponga ponga, pongas, ponga, pongamos, pongan venir- venga venga, vengas, venga, vengamos, vengan ver- vea vea, veas, vea, veamos, vean
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Past subjunctive for irregular verbs To be (Character) To go To be (a state) To have (not ownership) To have (ownership) To do, make To say,tell To put To come To see
Ser – fuera fuera, fueras, fuera, fuéramos, fueran Ir – fuera (same as ser) fuera, fueras, fuera, fuéramos, fueran Estar – estuviera estuviera, estuvieras, estuviera, estuviéramos, estuvieran Haber – hubiera hubiera, hubieras, hubiera, hubiéramos, hubieran Tener – tuviera tuviera, tuvieras, tuviera, tuviéramos, tuvieran Hacer – hiciera hiciera, hicieras, hiciera, hiciéramos, hicieran Decir – dijera dijera, dijeras, dijera, dijéramos, dijeran Poner – pusiera pusiera, pusieras, pusiera, pusiéramos, pusieran Venir – viniera viniera, vinieras, viniera, viniéramos, vinieran Ver – viera viera, vieras, viera, viéramos, vieran
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Subjunctive past If I were you, I wouldn’t do it.
Si yo fuera tú, no lo haría.
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Subjunctive past I wanted (that) you to go with me.
Quería que fueras conmigo.
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Subjunctive past Even if I was tired, I went.
Aunque estuviera cansado, fui.
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Subjunctive past I wish there had been more time.
Ojalá hubiera más tiempo.
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Subjunctive past If I had money, I would travel.
Si tuviera dinero, viajaría.
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Subjunctive past I didn’t believe he would do it.
No creía que él lo hiciera.
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Subjunctive past If you had told me it, I’d help you.
Si me lo dijeras, te ayudaría.
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Subjunctive past I wanted you to put it on the table.
Quería que lo pusieras en la mesa.
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Subjunctive past I hoped you would come yesterday.
Esperaba que vinieras ayer.
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Subjunctive past I didn’t think he saw me.
No creí que él me viera.
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Real, really, royal
Real, realmente, real
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Normally
Normalmente
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Generally originally
Generalmente Originalmente
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Flexible I need to be flexible in my understanding.
Flexible Necesito ser flexible para entender.
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Urgent
Urgente
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Confirmation To sign
Confirmación Firmar
470
Complication To fold It’s not complicated to fold the clothes the right way.
Complicación Doblar No es complicado doblar la ropa de la manera correcta.
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There are 1000 words that end in tion When you remove the tion and add ar you get the verb Generation To Generate
Generación Generar
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Goal The goal is to remain calm.
La meta La meta es quedarse tranquilo.
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100% sure 50% sure
Seguramente Probablemente
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Royals Diet The diet of the royals is not cheap.
Reyes Dieta Cheap barato/a La dieta de los reyes no es barata.
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To dress or to wear I dress myself when the occasion is important.
Vestir Me visto cuando la ocasión es importante.
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To Oblige (make, push, force you) Obligation I don’t want to oblige you.
Obligar Obligación No quiero obligarte.
477
To place, to situate I want to place the food in front of you.
Situar Quiero situar la comida en frente de ti.
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To experiment, to experience I want to experience all you have to offer.
Experimentar Quiero experimentar todo lo que tienes para ofrecer.
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When a word ends in ence, ance, conference, you can add an ia to find the Spanish The conference was long.
La conferencia fue larga.
480
To start, to initiate I want to start a new way of seeing.
Inisiar Quiero iniciar una nueva forma de ver.
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To breathe Breathe slowly and deeply.
Respirar Respira lentemente y profundamente.
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To chew, mastication Chew your food with 100 bites.
Masticar Mastica la comida con cien mordidas.
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To bite To scold Bite me and I will scold you.
Morder Regañar Muérdeme y te regañaré.
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Words ending in, ary become ario in Spanish Vocabulary Necessary
Vocabulario Necesario
485
Words ending in ose in English can translate to Spanish using the verb poner Compose Suppose I compose I suppose I suppose so
Componer Suponer Compongo Supongo Supongo que si
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Three ways to say, To start, commence I want to start where you have started, at the beginning.
Comensar Empezar Principiar (more formal) Quiero comenzar donde has empezado, al principio.
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The power The power of this moment is in the doing.
El poder El poder de este momento está en hacerlo.
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Population The population of Queretaro is aproximately one million.
Población La población de Querétaro es aproximadamente un millón.
489
A sample (from, to show) Take a sample and try it.
Una muestra (from mostrar) Toma una muestra y inténtalo.
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To grind I’m going to grind the coffee beans
Voy a moler los granos de café. Granos” = grains or beans, depending on context. Even though in English we usually say “beans,” in Spanish, granos is often used for things like: • granos de café – coffee beans • granos de maíz – corn kernels • granos de arroz – grains of rice If you said “frijoles de café,” it would sound odd—frijoles are more like cooked/edible beans (like black beans, kidney beans, etc.).
491
Undo You can’t undo what is obvious.
Deshacer No puedes deshacer lo que es claro.
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Next week We will accomplish that next week.(the week that comes)
La semana que viene Lograremos eso la semana que viene.
493
Goodbye, (we see each other) That was fun. See you. That was cool. See you.
Nos vemos Esto fue divertido. Nos vemos. ¡Estuvo padre! Nos vemos. (Common phrase in Mexico)
494
That’s so cool! “what a good vibe!” Used a lot in Mexico.
¡Qué buena onda! That’s so cool! Onda = wave or vibe. So this literally means “what a good vibe!”
495
That really made me laugh. it gave me laughter
Me dio mucha risa. Common Mexican phrase
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I’m heading out now. already/now I’m leaving
Ya me voy.
497
What are you up to Literal: “What are you walking around doing?”
¿Qué andas haciendo? Casual, conversational “Andas” = you’re walking around / going about Literal: “What are you walking around doing?”
498
Take care of yourself! Warm, friendly goodbye
¡Cuídate mucho!
499
It was fun. The food was delicious. How was your day?
Estuvo divertido. La comida estuvo riquísima. ¿Cómo estuvo tu día?
500
I don’t need to learn Spanish. I just need to spend time with it. I let it unfold like a story, not like a spreadsheet.
No necesito aprender español. Solo necesito pasar tiempo con él. Lo dejo desplegarse como una historia, no como una hoja de cálculo.

Prepositions, Nouns, And Common Mexican Idioms (3 decks)

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