Common Returning Traveller Infections - Week 22 Flashcards
(35 cards)
What viral agents can cause gastroenteritis?
Rotavirus
Norovirus
Astrovirus
What bacteria and gram status can cause gastroenteritis?
Campylobacter jejuni (gram neg)
Escherichia coli (gram neg)
Salmonella (gram neg)
Shigella (gram neg)
Vibrio cholerae (gram neg)
Presentation of gastroenteritis?
Anorexia, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Abdominal discomfort
Investigation for gastroenteritis?
Clinical evaluation
Stool testing
Treatment for gastroenteritis?
Oral or IV rehydration
Antibiotics if bacteraemia
What is hepatitis E?
Small RNA virus can lead to acute and chronic hepatitis
How is Hep E spread?
Faeco-oral route
What is the incubation period for Hep E?
2-6 weeks
Presentation for Hep E?
Jaundice
Fatigue
Nausea & vomiting
Abdominal pain
Pruritus
Flu-like illness
Hepatomegaly
Treatment for Hep E?
It’s self limiting
Oral hydration and rest
What is hepatitis A?
RNA virus causing self limiting disease with flu like symptoms
What are the risk groups for contracting Hep A?
Travel to endemic areas
High risk sexual activities
Haematological disorders
Occ risk
IVDU
What are the four clinical phases of Hep A?
Incubation (2-6 weeks)
Orodromal (flu like symptoms)
Icteric
Convalescent
What is the presentation of Hep A?
Flu like illness and GI upset
Rash
Jaundice RUQ pain
Hepatomegaly
Investigations for Hep A?
Hepatitis A IgM and Hepatitis A IgG antibodies
ALT/AST significantly elevated
Bilirubin
Treatment for Hep A?
Oral hydration and rest
Anti-emetic for nausea
Pruritus: chlorphenamine
Hepatitis A IgM and Hepatitis A IgG antibodies
Name a mosquito-borne parasitic infection
Malaria
Name five mosquito associated viral infections:
Dengue fever types 1-4
Japanese encephalitis
West Nile virus
Zia virus
Yellow fever
What is Dengue Haemorrhagic fever?
Fever causes by dengue virus transmitted through the bite of an Aedes mosquito
Symptoms of Dengue Haemorrhagic fever?
high fever (2-7 days) severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, joint pain, muscle and bone pain, rash, and mild bleeding
Post fever: persistent vomiting, abdominal pain and dyspnoea develop
How can Dengue Haemorrhagic fever become fatal?
Haemorrhage leads to Haemorrhagic shock if not treated
What is Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever?
Fatal viral infection caused by CCHF virus
Tick borne disease
Bodily fluids human yo human transmission
Presentation of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever?
Sudden onset
Severe illness
Red eyes
Flu like symptoms
petechiae
Haemorrhage day 4
Treatment for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever?
Supportive therapy
