common roots of words

Question 1

Arthr(o)

Answer 1

Joint; Articulation

Example: Arthrodesis - surgical fusion of a joint

Arthritis- inflammation of a joint

Question 2

Cardi(o)

Answer 2

Heart

Example: Cardiology -the study of the heart and its function

Myocardium - muscle layer of the heart

Question 3

Chondr(o)

Answer 3

Cartilage

Example: Chondrocyte- cartilage cell
Perichondrium - membrane that covers cartilage

Question 4

Cyst(o)

Answer 4

Bladder

Example: Cystotomy - incision into the bladder
Cystitis- inflammation of the urinary bladder

Question 5

Derm(ato)

Answer 5

Skin

Example: Dermatitis- inflammation of the skin

Question 6

Gloss(o) or Lingual

Answer 6

Tongue

Example: Hypoglossal- situated below the tongue (sublingual)

Question 7

Hem(ato/o)

Answer 7

Blood

Example: Haematemesis- vomiting blood
Haemorrhage- the escape of blood from a ruptured vessel

Question 8

Hepat(o)

Answer 8

Liver

Example: Hepatocyte- liver cell
Hepatic artery- artery that supplies blood to the liver

Question 9

Hist(io/o)

Answer 9

Tissue

Example: Histology- the study of tissues

Question 10

Mamm(o) or Mast(o)

Answer 10

Breast; Mammary gland

Example: Mammogram- radiograph of a mammary gland
Mastectomy- surgical removal of mammary gland

Question 11

Metr(a/o)

Answer 11

Uterus

Example: Endometrium- lining of the uterus
Metritis- inflammation of the uterus

Question 12

My(o)

Answer 12

Muscle

Example: Myositis- inflammation of a voluntary muscle

Question 13

Neur(o)

Answer 13

Nerve

Example: Neuralgia- pain in a nerve
Neuron- nerve cell

Question 14

Ophthalm(o)

Answer 14

Eye

Example: Ophthalmoscope- instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

Question 15

Orchi(d)

Answer 15

Testis; Testicle

Example: orchitis- inflammation of a testis
Cryptorchid- having an undescended testicle

Question 16

Oste(o)

Answer 16

Bone

Example: Osteomyelitis- inflammation of bone

Question 17

Pneum(o)

Answer 17

Air or gas; lung

Example: Pneumonia- inflammation of the lung tissue
Pneumothorax- the presence of free air in the thorax

Question 18

-pnoea

Answer 18

Respiration; breathing

Example: Apnoea- temporary cessation in breathing

Question 19

Ren(o)

Answer 19

Kidney

Example: Renal artery- the artery that supplies the kidney with blood
*may only be used with -al

Question 20

Rhin(o)

Answer 20

Nose

Example: Rhinitis- inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose

Question 21

Trich(o)

Answer 21

Hair

Example: Trichosis- any disease of, or abnormal growth of hair

Question 22

Vas(o)

Answer 22

Vessel; Duct

Example: Vascular- pertaining to blood vessels
Vasectomy- excision of the vas deferens(deferent duct)

Question 23

Bi(o)

Answer 23

Life

Question 24

Carcin(o)

Answer 24

Cancer

Question 25

Cephal(o)

Answer 25

Head

Question 26

Cis(o)

Answer 26

To cut

Question 27

Col(o) / Colon(o)

Answer 27

Large intestine(colon)

Question 28

Cyt(o)

Answer 28

Cell

Question 29

Derm(o)/ Dermat(o)

Answer 29

Skin

Question 30

Electr(o)

Answer 30

Electricity

Question 31

Encephal(o)

Answer 31

Brain

Question 32

Enter(o)

Answer 32

Small intestine

Question 33

Gastr(o)

Answer 33

Stomach

Question 34

Glyc(o)

Answer 34

Sugar

Question 35

Gnos(o)

Answer 35

Knowledge

Question 36

Latr(o)

Answer 36

Treatment

Question 37

Leuk(o)

Answer 37

White

Question 38

Ophthalm(o) / Opt(o)

Answer 38

Eye/ vision

Question 39

Path(o)

Answer 39

Disease

Question 40

Radi(o)

Answer 40

X-rays

Question 41

Sarc(o)

Answer 41

Connective tissue

Question 42

Sect(o)

Answer 42

To cut

Question 43

Thromb(o)

Answer 43

Clot/ clotting

Question 44

Ur(o)

Answer 44

Urine/ urinary tract