Common Stuff

Question 1

Most common cause of pyelonephritis

Answer 1

E.coli

Question 2

Pyelonephritis - Common causes

Answer 2

Klebsiella pneumoniae 
Enterococcus
E.coli 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 3

AB for E.coli Prostatitis

Answer 3

Ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin for 14 days

Question 4

Common cause of tonsillitis

Answer 4

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 5

What type of bacteria is Strep.pyogenes ?

Answer 5

β-haemolytic streptococcus

Question 6

Chlamydia - treatment

Answer 6

Single 1g dose of azithromycin

Plus 7 days doxycycline

Question 7

Chlamydia - cause

Answer 7

Chlamydia trachomatis - Gram negative intracellular bacteria

Question 8

What is gonorrhoea ?

Answer 8

Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae gram negative diplococcus which infects mucous membranes with columnar epithelium

Question 9

Gonorrhoea - treatment

Answer 9

Single dose Ceftriaxone IM dose

Question 10

Pyelonephritis - treatment

Answer 10

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin

Question 11

First and Second Line Pregnant Patient With UTI

Answer 11

Nitrofurantoin

Cephalexin or amoxicillin

Question 12

Causes of atypical pneumonia

Answer 12

Chlamydia psittaci
Coxiella burnetii
Legionella pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 13

Complication of Clostridium difficile infection

Answer 13

Pseudomembranous colitis

Question 14

When is Co-amoxiclav contraindicated ?

Answer 14

Penicillin allergy

Question 15

Pulmonary TB treatment

Answer 15

Rifampicin 
Isoniazid 
Pyrazinamide 
Erythromycin 
Ethambutol

Question 16

Treatments for S.aureus

Answer 16

Cefotaxime
Clarithromycin
Flucloxacillin
Vancomycin

Question 17

Which heart valve is most commonly affected in infective endocarditis?

Answer 17

Tricuspid

Question 18

What type of bacteria is Neisseria spp

Answer 18

Gram-negative diplococcus

Question 19

ABs which inhibit cell wall synthesis

Answer 19

Benzylpenicillin
Cefotaxime
Teicoplanin
Vancomycin

Question 20

The most common cause of bacterial pneumonia

Answer 20

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 21

Bacterial causes of meningitis

Answer 21

Listeria monocytogenes
Neisseria meningitis
Streptococcus agalactiae
Streptococcus pneumonia

Question 22

Most common cause of meningitis ?

Answer 22

Streptococcus pneumonia

Question 23

Most common cause of meningitis following hospital admission

Answer 23

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 24

What cause of meningitis is high risk for pregnant women ?

Answer 24

Neisseria meningitis

Question 25

Which cause of pneumonia is most typically associated with AIDS?

Answer 25

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Question 26

Side effect of isoniazid

Answer 26

Pins and needles

Question 27

Side effect of rifampicin

Answer 27

Red/orange urine

Question 28

Side effect of pyrazinamide

Answer 28

Gout

Question 29

Side effect of ethambutol

Answer 29

Colour blindness

Question 30

What is CURB65 used to calculate ?

Answer 30

Severity index for patients with pneumonia in hospital

Question 31

What does CURB65 stand for ?

Answer 31

Confusion, Urea, Respiration Rate, Blood Pressure, age 65

Question 32

What notifiable diseases ?

Answer 32

``` Enteric fever Leprosy Measles Tuberculosis COVID 19 ```

Question 33

What is immunised in the 6-1 vaccine for babies ?

Answer 33

``` Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB) Hepatitis B Polio Tetanus Whooping cough Diphtheria ```

Question 34

Which of the following is the most common cause of GBS?

Answer 34

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 35

Viral causes of GBS

Answer 35

Cytomegalovirus | EBV

Question 36

What is first line treatment for confirmed syphilis ?

Answer 36

Benzathine penicillin

Question 37

What is second line treatment for syphilis ?

Answer 37

Azithromycin

Question 38

Meningitis -primary care

Answer 38

Benzylpenicillin

Question 39

Prophylactic treatment for meningococcal meningitis

Answer 39

Ciprofloxacin and rifampicin

Question 40

What is the mode of action of Naproxen?

Answer 40

Non-selective inhibitor of COX 1 and COX 2 enzymes

Question 41

Clive, a 64-year-old male, develops osteomyelitis after a total knee replacement. A culture is sent to the microbiologists. The causative organism is purple and circular on gram stain, produces bubbles on a catalase test and is positive for coagulase. What is the causative organism?

Answer 41

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 42

Charlie, a 19-year-old student, returns from his gap year backpacking in India. He presents to his GP 2 weeks later after noticing the whites of his eyes turning yellow. He is otherwise well. He smokes 5 cigarettes a day and drinks occasionally. He denies any intravenous drug use. The GP suspects that he has hepatitis. Which of the following is most likely?

Answer 42

- Hepatitis A

Question 43

A 43-year-old woman presents with malaise, joint pain and jaundice for the past 2 months. A hepatitis screen is performed and the results are: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)- positive Hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen (HBeAg) – positive Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) – positive Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 43

Acute hepatitis B infection

Question 44

Surface antigens (HBsAg) indicate what ?

Answer 44

Indicate active infection or just been vaccinated

Question 45

Core antibody (HBcAb) indicates what ?

Answer 45

Implies past or current infection

Question 46

E antigen (HBeAg) indicates ?

Answer 46

Marker of viral replication, implies high infectivity

Question 47

Surface antibody (HBsAb) indicates what ?

Answer 47

Implies vaccination or past or current infection

Question 48

What is neutrophilla ?

Answer 48

Neutrophilia is a high neutrophil count.

Question 49

Joshua is a 14-year-old with known sickle cell disease. He is brought into A&E experiencing intense pain in his legs. Which of the following is most likely to have triggered his sickle cell crisis?

Answer 49

Parvovirus B19