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HLTH 1981 > Commonly Used Surgical, Diagnostic, Pathological, Related and Grammatical Suffixes > Flashcards

Commonly Used Surgical, Diagnostic, Pathological, Related and Grammatical Suffixes Flashcards

Chapter 2: Suffixes

1
Q

-centesis (surgical suffixes)

A

Surgical puncture. Ex. arthrocentesis is a surgical puncture to remove fluid in a joint by using a needle inserted into the joint space. It may also help to obtain samples of synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes and to instill medications.

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2
Q

-clasis (surgical suffixes)

A

to break; surgical fracture. Ex. osteoclasis: a surgical fracture of a bone. Osteoclasis is performed to correct a deformity of a bone.

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3
Q

-desis (surgical suffixes)

A

binding, fixation (of a bone or joint). Ex. arthrodesis: binding or fixation of a joint. Arthrodesis fuses bones across the joint space in a degenerated, unstable joint.

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4
Q

-ectomy (surgical suffixes)

A

excision, removal. Ex. appendectomy: excision or the appendix.

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5
Q

-lysis (surgical suffixes)

A

separation; destruction; loosening. Ex. thrombolysis: destruction or separation of a blood clot. Drug therapy is usually used to dissolve a blood clot.

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6
Q

-pexy (surgical suffixes)

A

fixation (of an organ). Ex. mastopexy: fixation of the breast(s). Mastopexy is an elective surgery, affixes sagging breasts in a more elevated position, commonly improving their shape.

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7
Q

-plasty (surgical suffixes)

A

surgical repair. Ex. Rhinoplast: surgical repair of the nose. Rhinoplasty is a type of surgery that changes the size or shape of the nose.

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8
Q

-rrhaphy (surgical suffixes)

A

suture. Ex. myorrhaphy: suture of a muscle.

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9
Q

-stomy (surgical suffixes)

A

forming an opening (mouth). Ex. Tracheostomy: forming an opening (mouth) into the trachea. A tracheostomy is an artificial opening created to bypass an obstructed upper airway.

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10
Q

-tome (surgical suffixes)

A

instrument to cut. Ex. Osteotome: instrument to cut bone. An osteotome is a surgical chisel used to cut through bone.

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11
Q

-tomy (surgical suffixes)

A

incision. Ex. Tracheotomy: incision of the trachea. Tracheotomy opens a direct airway through the neck and into the trachea.

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12
Q

-tripsy (surgical suffixes)

A

crushing. Ex. Lithotripsy: crushing a stone. Lithotripsy is a surgical procedure to remove a stone or calculus in the kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder.

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13
Q

-gram (diagnostic suffixes)

A

record, writing. Ex. electrocardiogram: record of electrical activity in the heart.

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14
Q

-graph (diagnostic suffixes)

A

instrument for recording. Ex. electrocardiograph: instrument for recording electrical activity in the heart.

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15
Q

-graphy (diagnostic suffixes)

A

process of recording. Ex. electrocardiography: process of recording electrical activity in the heart.

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16
Q

-scope (diagnostic suffixes)

A

instrument for examining. Ex. endoscope: instrument for examining within. An endoscope is a flexible or rigid instrument consisting of a tube and optical system for observing the inside of a hollow organ or cavity.

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17
Q

-scopy (diagnostic suffixes)

A

visual examination. Ex. endoscopy: visual examination within. Endoscopy is performed to visualize a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope.

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18
Q

-algia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

pain. Ex. Neuralgia: pain of a nerve. Neuralgic pain usually occurs along the path of a nerve.

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19
Q

-dynia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

pain. Ex. Otodynia: pain in the ear. Otodynia, also called otalgia, is commonly known as an earache.

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20
Q

-cele (pathological and related suffixes)

A

hernia, swelling. Ex. Hepatocele: hernia or swelling of the liver.

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21
Q

-ectasis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

dilation, expansion. Ex. Bronchiectasis: dilation or expansion of the bronchi.

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22
Q

-emesis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

vomiting. Ex. hyperemesis: excessive vomiting.

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23
Q

-emia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

blood condition. Ex. Leukemia: white blood.

Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells (leukocytes).

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24
Q

-gen (pathological and related suffixes)

A

forming, producing, origin. Ex. Carcinogen: forming, producing or origin of cancer. A carcinogen is a substance or agent, such as a cigarette, that causes the development or increases the incidence of cancer.

25
Q

-genesis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

forming, producing, origin. Ex. Carcinogenesis: forming, producing or origin of cancer. Carcinogenesis is the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells, commonly as a result of chemical, viral, or radioactive damage to genes.

26
Q

-itis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

inflammation. Ex. Gastritis: inflammation of the stomach.

27
Q

-malacia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

softening. Ex. Chondromalacia: softening of cartilage.

28
Q

-megaly (pathological and related suffixes)

A

enlargement. Ex. Cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart.

29
Q

-oma (pathological and related suffixes)

A

tumor. Ex. Neuroma: tumor of a nerve. A neuroma is a benign tumor composed of nerve tissue.

30
Q

-osis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells). Ex. Cyanosis: dark blue or purple discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane, that indicates a deficiency of oxygen in the blood.

31
Q

-pathy (pathological and related suffixes)

A

disease. Ex. Myopathy: disease of muscle.

32
Q

-penia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

decrease, deficiency. Ex. Osteopenia: decrease in bone mass. Osteopenia is characterized by bone loss that is not as severe as that in osteoporosis.

33
Q

-phobia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

fear. Ex. Hemophobia: fear of blood. Hemophobia is an abnormal aversion to the sight of blood.

34
Q

-plegia (pathological and related suffixes)

A

paralysis. Ex. Quadriplegia: paralysis of four. Quadriplegia is a paralysis of four extremities, both arms and legs.

35
Q

-ptosis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

prolapse, downward displacement. Ex. Blepharoptosis: prolapse or downward displacement of the eyelid. Blepharoptosis is a drooping of the upper eyelid(s).

36
Q

-rrhea (pathological and related suffixes)

A

discharge, flow. Ex. Diarrhea: discharge or flow through. Diarrhea is an abnormally frequent discharge or flow of fluid fecal matter from the bowel.

37
Q

-rrhexis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

rupture. Ex. Arteriorrhexis: rupture of an artery.

38
Q

-sclerosis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

abnormal condition of hardening. Ex. Arteriosclerosis: abnormal condition of hardening of an artery.

39
Q

-spasm (pathological and related suffixes)

A

involuntary contraction, twitching. Ex. Blepharospasm: involuntary contraction or twitching of the eyelid.

40
Q

-stenosis (pathological and related suffixes)

A

narrowing, stricture. Ex. Arteriostenosis: abnormal narrowing or stricture or an artery.

41
Q

-toxic (pathological and related suffixes)

A

poison. Ex. Hepatotoxic: pertaining to poison in the liver. Alcohol and drugs are examples of agents that have destructive effects on the liver.

42
Q

-ac (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Cardiac: pertaining to the heart.

43
Q

-al (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Neural: pertaining to a nerve.

44
Q

-ar (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Muscular: pertaining to muscle.

45
Q

-ary (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs.

46
Q

-eal (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Esophageal: pertaining to the esophagus.

47
Q

-ic (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Thoracic: pertaining to the chest.

48
Q

-ior (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Posterior: pertaining to the back (of the body).

49
Q

-ous (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Cutaneous: pertaining to the skin.

50
Q

-tic (grammatical suffixes, adjective)

A

pertaining to. Ex. Acoustic: pertaining to hearing.

51
Q

-ia (grammatical suffixes, noun)

A

condition. Ex. Pneumonia: condition of the lung(s). Pneumonia is an infection of the lung, usually caused by bacteria, viruses, or diseases.

52
Q

-ism (grammatical suffixes, noun)

A

condition. Ex. Thyroidism: condition of the thyroid gland. Thyroidism is a condition caused by overactivity of the thyroid gland.

53
Q

-iatry (grammatical suffixes, noun)

A

medicine; treatment. Ex. Psychiatry: treatment of the mind.

54
Q

-ist (grammatical suffixes, noun)

A

medicine; treatment. Ex. Hepatologist: specialist in the study of blood.

55
Q

-y (grammatical suffixes, noun)

A

condition; process. Ex. Neuropathy: condition of nerve diseases. Neuropathy is the study of disorders of the nerves.

56
Q

-icle (grammatical suffixes, diminutive)

A

small, minute. Ex. Ventricle: small cavity, as of the brain or heart.

57
Q

-ole (grammatical suffixes, diminutive)

A

small, minute. Ex. Arteriole: small or minute artery.

58
Q

-ule (grammatical suffixes, diminutive)

A

small, minute. Ex. Venule: small or minute vein.

HLTH 1981 (3 decks)

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