Communicable Disease

Question 1

Give an example of a pathogen

Answer 1

Bacteria, virus or fungi

Question 2

Do all bacteria cause disease?

Answer 2

No, some are useful e.g. gut bacteria

Question 3

Do all viruses cause disease?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Do all fungi cause disease?

Answer 4

No, some are useful e.g. yeast in bread making

Question 5

What type of microorganism causes measles

Answer 5

Virus

Question 6

What type of microorganism causes HIV?

Answer 6

Virus

Question 7

What type of microorganism causes salmonella?

Answer 7

Bacteria

Question 8

What type of microorganism causes gonorrhoea?

Answer 8

Bacteria

Question 9

Can measles be treated with antibiotics?

Answer 9

No, it is caused by a virus

Question 10

Which is bigger, a bacteria or a virus?

Answer 10

Bacteria

Question 11

How can gonorrhoea be prevented?

Answer 11

Avoiding unprotected sex

Question 12

What is meant by a disease that is communicable?

Answer 12

A disease that can be spread between living things

Question 13

How can pathogens be spread?

Answer 13

By air, direct contact and water

Question 14

How can you sterile an inoculating loop when culturing bacteria?

Answer 14

Heat (in a Bunsen burner)

Question 15

Why do we avoid incubating bacterial cultures at 37C in school?

Answer 15

To avoid the fast growth of bacteria at body temperature

Question 16

Why do we not seal agar plates containing bacteria all the way round?

Answer 16

To allow oxygen to enter the plate and aerobic bacteria to grow

Question 17

What is a pathogen

Answer 17

A microorganism, bacteria, virus or fungi, that causes disease

Question 18

What type of drugs kill bacteria?

Answer 18

Antibiotics

Question 19

Do antibiotics kill viruses?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

Why do antibiotics not treat viruses?

Answer 20

Viruses have no cell wall

Question 21

What conclusion did Semmelweis make about preventing the spread of infections

Answer 21

Hand washing is essential

Question 22

What is in a vaccine?

Answer 22

Dead or weakened pathogens

Question 23

What type of organism causes malaria?

Answer 23

Protist

Question 24

What is the most effective prevention against malaria?

Answer 24

Mosquito net

Question 25

How is malaria passed from person to person?

Answer 25

Mosquito bites

Question 26

How does your body prevent pathogens from entering it?

Answer 26

Skin Nasal hair and mucus Cilia in the trachea Acid in the stomach

Question 27

List three ways in which your white blood cells destroy pathogens

Answer 27

Phagocytosis Production of antibodies Production of antitoxins

Question 28

What type of cell produce antibodies

Answer 28

White blood cells

Question 29

What does your stomach produce to destroy microorganisms?

Answer 29

Acid

Question 30

What is your trachea covered in to trap microorganisms?

Answer 30

Cilia

Question 31

What is found on the surface of pathogens that provokes an immune response?

Answer 31

Antigens

Question 32

Why don't vaccines make you ill?

Answer 32

The pathogen is dead or weakened

Question 33

What are painkillers used for?

Answer 33

To reduce pain

Question 34

Can painkillers be used to treat a communicable disease?

Answer 34

No

Question 35

Who discovers penicillin?

Answer 35

Sir Alexander Fleming

Question 36

What type of drug is penicillin?

Answer 36

Antibiotic

Question 37

How do antibiotics work?

Answer 37

Destroy bacterial cell walls Prevent DNA replication Prevent protein synthesis

Question 38

What is a placebo

Answer 38

A dummy pill used in drug trials to compare the effects of a drug to

Question 39

What is a double blind trial?

Answer 39

A drug trial that compares a drug to a placebo in which neither the patient or the medical staff know who has which one

Question 40

What does efficacy mean?

Answer 40

Effectiveness

Question 41

What is meant by toxicity?

Answer 41

Poisonousness, side effects