Communicable diseases Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are communicable diseases?
Are diseases that can be spread from person to person.
eg.measels
How are communicable disease spread?
By pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
What are pathogens?
Microorganism’s that enter the body and cause disease.
What are bacteria cells?
Very small cells which can produce rapidly in body.
How can bacteria make you feel ill?
They produce toxins that damage cells and tissues.
What are viruses?
they are not cells.
They produce rapidly in the body
They replicate using cell machinery and make copies and then burst to releasing viruses.
How does virus make you feel ill
?
Cell damage
What are protists?
Singled celled eukaryotic.
What are some protists?
parasites
How does a protist effect an organism?
Lives inside an organism and can cause damage.
How do protists get ransferred?
By vector -eg mosquito.
What are fungi?
single celled
Grow and penetrate human skin and surface of plants.
They have a body made up of hyphae.
produce spores to spread to another animals/plants.
What are the 3 ways pathogens can be spread?
water
air
direct contact.
What is a defective immune system?
much more likely to suffer from infectious disease.
How are pathogens spread by water?
by tiny droplets from sneezing and coughing.
How are pathogens spread by water?
by tiny droplets from sneezing and coughing.
How are pathogens spread by water and food?
Eating contaminated food such as chicken can cause salmonella.
drinking contaminated water can cause cholera.
How can pathogens be spread by direct contact.
Eg, athletes foot
Can be spread by walking on contaminated surface.
What are ways to stop spreading of diseases?
Hygiene- wash hands/ cooking items.
kill vectors- use insectides
vaccination - can’t catch diseases/can’t pass on diseases.
What are the two types of bacterial diseases?
Gonorrhoea
Salmonella
What is gonorrhoea and the effects?
STD- unprotected sex
Causes thick yellow green discharge from penis or vagina
causes pain when urinating
How to prevent gonorrhoea ?
Protected safe sex- contraceptive methods.
treatment- penicillin -strains of gonorrhoea has become resistant.
more expensive and rare antibiotics.
What is salmonella and the effects?
food poisoning disease.
eating chicken that has caught disease when alive.
In UK chicken are vaccinated against the disease.
causes fever, stomach cramps, vomiting diarrhoea.
