Communicable diseases

Question 1

What is a pathogen

Answer 1

Microorganisms that cause disease

Question 2

What are the 4 types of pathogens

Answer 2

Bacteria
Fungi
Protists
Virus

Question 3

How can pathogens be spread (3)

Answer 3

In the air
In water
Through direct contact

Question 4

Give 3 examples of virus

Answer 4

Measles
HIV
TMV

Question 5

How is measles spread

Answer 5

Droplets produced by coughing and sneezing

Question 6

Symptoms of measles

Answer 6

Fever
Red skin rash

Question 7

What can be done to prevent measles

Answer 7

Vaccination of children

Question 8

How is HIV spread

Answer 8

Sexual contact
Exchange of bodily fluids

Question 9

Symptoms of HIV

Answer 9

Fever
Fatigue
Diarrhoea

Question 10

What can HIV lead to and why

Answer 10

AIDS
Immune system is so damaged by the virus that it cannot fight infections

Question 11

How do viruses harm cells

Answer 11

Reproduce rapidly that destroy or harm cells

Question 12

Two examples of bacteria

Answer 12

Salmonella and gonorrhoea

Question 13

What do bacteria do inside the body

Answer 13

Reproduce rapidly
Produce toxins to damage tissues

Question 14

How is salmonella spread

Answer 14

Contaminated food that is eaten

Question 15

Symptoms of salmonella

Answer 15

Fever
Cramps
Vomiting
Diarrhoea

Question 16

Prevention of salmonella

Answer 16

Poultry are vaccinated against bacteria
Cook food thoroughly

Question 17

How is gonorrhoea spread

Answer 17

Direct sexual contact

Question 17

Symptoms of gonorrhoea

Answer 17

Think green or yellow discharge
Pain when urinating

Question 18

Treatment and prevention of gonorrhoea

Answer 18

Antibiotics
Contraception

Question 19

How to prevent HIV

Answer 19

Check partners sexual history
Wear contraception

Question 20

Example of fungi

Answer 20

Rose black spot

Question 21

How is rose black spot spread

Answer 21

Water
Wind

Question 22

Symptoms of rose black spot

Answer 22

Purple or black spots on leaves
Stunted growth due to lack of photosynthesis

Question 23

Prevention and treatment of rose black spot

Answer 23

Fungicides
Affected leaves removed

Question 24

Example of protist

Answer 24

Malaria

Question 25

Symptoms of malaria

Answer 25

Fever Headache Fatigue

Question 26

How is malaria spread

Answer 26

By mosquitos who are vectors

Question 27

Prevention and treatment of malaria

Answer 27

Vaccine Mosquito nets Mosquito spray

Question 28

How to control spread of communicable diseases and example (4)

Answer 28

Hygiene - wash hands Isolation - stay at home Controlling vectors - control mosquito population Vaccination - in school to reduce spread

Question 29

What are some signs that a plant is diseased

Answer 29

Stunted growth Spots Discolouration Pest infestation Areas of rot and decay

Question 30

What are the 3 plant defences

Answer 30

Physical Chemical Mechanical

Question 31

Examples of chemical barriers

Answer 31

Antibacterial chemicals Poisonous berries

Question 32

Examples of physical barriers

Answer 32

Cellulose cell wall Waxy cuticle Bark on trees

Question 33

Examples of mechanical defences

Answer 33

Thorns, hairs to prevent being eaten Leaves that curl when touched to scare insects Mimicking appearance of poisonous plants

Question 34

What are aphids

Answer 34

Insects that suck sap from stems of plants

Question 35

What do aphids on plants result in

Answer 35

Reduced growth Wilting Discolouration of leaves

Question 36

What other insect can control aphids

Answer 36

Ladybird larvae eat aphids