Communicable Diseases Flashcards
(31 cards)
Malorimetric measure types
- Pre eradication era
- Eradication era
- Vector indices
Pre eradication malorimetry
- Spleen rate
- Average enlarged spleen
- Parasite rate
- Parasite density
- Infant parasite rate
- Proportional case rate
Spleen rate
% of children between 2-10 years having enlarged spleen
Average enlarged spleen
Average size of enlarged spleen
Parasite rate
% of children between 2-10 years having malarial parasite in their blood film
Parasite density
Average degree of parasitaemia in a sample of well defined group of population
Infant parasite rate
% of children below 1 years showing malarial parasite in their blood film
Proportional case rate
Number of cases diagnosed as malaria for every 100 patients attending the hospital
Malorimetric measures of eradication era
- Annual parasite incidence API
- Annual blood examination rate ABER
- Annual falciparum incidence AFI
- Slide positivity rate SPR
- Slide falciparum rate SFR
API
Confirmed cases during one year divided by population under surveillance *1000
ABER
No of slides examined divided by population * 100
SPR
% of slides found positive for malarial parasite
SFR
% of slides found positive for falciparum parasite
Vector indices for malaria
- Human blood index
- Sporozite rate
- Mosquito density
- Man biting rate
- Inoculation rate
Uncomplicated P.vivax malaria treatment
Chloroquine 25mg/kg BW over 3 days
For prevention primaquine 0.25mg/kg BW over 14 days
Uncomplicated P.falciparum malaria treatment
ACT (artesunate 3days+sulphadoxine pyrimethamine 1 day) accompanied by single dose of primaquine
Treatment of malaria in pregnancy
ACT in 2nd and 3rd trimester
Quinine in first trimester
Vector control strategies for malaria
- Anti adult measures
(a). Residual spraying - DDT malathion fenitrothion
(b). Space application
(c). Individual protection - Anti larval measures
(a). Larvicides- temephos
(b). Source reduction
(c). Integrated control
Active and passive case detection in malaria
Active case detection - blood smears collected by MPW/ANM during fortnightly visits
Passive case detection- fever cases reporting to peripheral health volunteers ASHA etc
Behaviour change communication
Systematic process that motivates individuals families and communities to change their inappropriate or unhealthy behaviour or continue their healthy behaviour
Anti malaria month campaign
Observed every year in the month of June . Enhance awareness and participation through mass media campaign
Curative and preventive measures of control of tuberculosis
Curative- case finding and treatment
Preventive- BCG vaccination
Strategies adopted for case finding
- Passive case finding
- Intensified case finding
- Active case finding
- Vulnerability mapping
Screening strategies of tuberculosis
- Community screening
- Institutional screening
