Communication Flashcards
define communication
the exchanging of information by speaking, writing or using some other medium
define verbal communication
the process of using spoken words to express ideas, thoughts and feelings to others
define non-verbal communication
how people share information without speaking
define pitch
the relative highness or lowness of a tone
define tone
a potent tool in expressing sentiments, emotions, disposition and objectives
define body language
the science of nonverbal signs such as gestures, facial expressions and eye gaze that communicate a person’s emotions and intentions
give the 6 types of nonverbal communication
touch/ contact
gestures
proximity
posture
facial expressions
active/ reflective listening
define effective questioning
using questions to open conversations, inspire deep intellectual thought and promote 1:1 or group interaction
define active listening
listening attentively to a speaker, understanding what they’re saying, responding , reflecting and retaining the information for later
define dialect
different forms of language/speech to do with different groups of people
define jargon
a specialized language that is used by people with a particular, professional, social or cultural group
define accent
the way in which people from different areas, countries, or social class pronounce words
define pace, tone and pitch
vocal techniques that refer to the speed, emotion and quality of your voice
define non-discriminatory language
language that is fair and unbiased about a group or type of person
define argyle’s theory of communication cycle
the theory that communication involves a continuous cycle of sending and receiving messages between 2 or more individuals.
what does argyle’s theory emphasize the importance of?
feedback and how communication is a 2-way process
name argyle’s 6 key stages
ideas occur
encoding
transmission
decoding
understanding
feedback
explain argyle’s 1st key stage of his theory
ideas occur
- the 1st stage involves the generation of ideas/ thoughts by the sender. these ideas form the basis of the message that will be communicated
explain argyle’s 2nd key stage of his theory
encoding
- where the sender converts their thoughts into a verbal or non-verbal message. this could involve choosing the right body language, tone, gestures or words to express the intended meaning
explain argyle’s 3rd key stage of his theory
transmission
- where the encoded message is transmitted or delivered to the receiver through a chosen channel such as:
face to face conversation
phone call
email
or text message
explain argyle’s 4th key stage of his theory
decoding
- where upon receiving the message, the receiver interprets and decodes the information. this involves
understanding the words
analysing the non-verbal cues
extracting the meaning intended by the sender
explain argyle’s 5th key stage of his theory
understanding
- where the receiver’s successful decoding of the message leads to understanding. this stage is crucial as it ensures the meaning of the message is accurately comprehended.
explain argyle’s 6th key stage of his theory
feedback
- completes the communication cycle
- where the receiver responds to the sender, providing their own message as ‘feedback’, which allows the sender to gauge the effectiveness of their communication and make necessary adjustments if required
give argyle’s 6 key principles for facilitating effective communication
`1) non-verbal communication
2) listening skills
3) clarity and simplicity
4) empathy
5) context and cultural awareness
6) adaptability
