Communication 2

Question 1

What are the 3 goals of counseling

Answer 1

Provide support
Provide information
Help initiate behavior change

Question 2

What is basic counseling

Answer 2

Listening is not passive. It is important to indicate that the person is being heard

Good counseling skills means listening before acting to solve problems

Question 3

List the verbal listening skills

Answer 3

Show interest 
Gather information 
Encourage speaker to develop ideas
Communicate our understanding of ideas 
Request clarification of understanding 
Build the therapeutic alliance

Question 4

Wha is active listening

Answer 4

Active listening by clinician encourages the client to share information by providing verbal and nonverbal expressions of interest

Question 5

List the active listening skills

Answer 5

Clarifying
Paraphrasing
Reflection of feeling
Summarizing

Question 6

What is attending

Answer 6

Attending is expressing awareness and interest in what the client is communicating both verbally and non verbally

Question 7

How does attending help the clinician

Answer 7

Better understand the client through careful observation

Question 8

How does attending help the client

Answer 8

Relax and feel comfortable
Express their ideas and feelings freely in their own way
Trust the counselor
Take a more active role in their own session

Question 9

What does proper attending involve

Answer 9

Appropriate eye contact, facial expression

Maintaining a relaxed posture and leaning forward occasionally, usually natural hand and arm movements

Verbally “following” the client, using a variety of brief encouragements such as “uhm-hm” or “yes” or by repeating key words

Observing the clients body language

Question 10

What are the required listening postures? SOLER

Answer 10

Squarely :adopt a posture that indicates involvement

Open:crossed arms and legs can lessen signs of involvement or availability

Lean forward: indicates greater interest

Eye contact : maintain(culturally) appropriate eye contact

Relax : not fidgety movements or distracting facial movements. Use your body as a vehicle of expression

Question 11

What’s is not enough?

Answer 11

Looking like you’re listening is not enough

Question 12

What are some of the ways we can clarify

Answer 12

Ask open questions
-generally start with “what” , “how” , “why” or “could”

Questions serve to:

• father lots of general information
• encourage discussion

Question 13

What are closed questions

Answer 13

Generally start with “is” “are” or “do”

Serve to:

• gather lots of specific information quickly
• tend to close down discussion

Question 14

What are encouragers of communication

Answer 14

“Yes I understand” or repeat a word or two of what was said

Serve to:
-encourage further discussion

Question 15

What is differentiating

Answer 15

Understanding whether:

-is the person is asking for information OR is the person expressing concern ?

Question 16

What is paraphrasing

Answer 16

Briefly restate the content of the discussion

Reflective listening

• check your understanding
• show that you heard what was said

Acknowledge and accept feelings without judging

Question 17

How does paraphrasing help the clinician

Answer 17

Verify their perceptions of the clients statements spotlight an issue

Question 18

How does paraphrasing help the client

Answer 18

Realize that the counselor understands what they are saying

Clarify their remarks

Focus on what is import

Question 19

What is summarizing

Answer 19

Succinctly pull together ideas from an interview

Question 20

How does summarizing help

Answer 20

Organize the structure of the interview

Check the accuracy of understanding

Confirms to the patient that you have been listening carefully

Question 21

How does summarizing help the clinician

Answer 21

Provides focus for the session

Confirms the clients perception

Focus on one issue while acknowledging the existence of others

Terminate a session in a logical way

Question 22

How does summarizing help the client

Answer 22

Clarify what they mean

Realize that the counselor understands

Have a sense of movement and progress

Question 23

What is reflection of feelings

Answer 23

Focus on feelings(states and unstated)

Serves to :
Communicate understanding of emotions

When combined with a paraphrase, confirms the accuracy of understanding (check out the other person)

Encourages discussion of feelings

Question 24

How does reflection of feelings help the clinician

Answer 24

Check whether or not they accurately understand what the client is feeling

Bring out problem areas without the client being pushed or forced

Question 25

How does reflection of feelings help the client

Answer 25

Realize that the counselor understands what they feel Increase awareness of their feelings Learn that feelings and behaviors are connected

Question 26

What is processing

Answer 26

Is the act of the clinician thinking about his or her observations about the client and what the client has communicated “Processing” takes place within the clinician, between listening to the client and responding to the client. This includes to the clinicians ability to mentally catalogue data- the clients beliefs, knowledge, attitudes, and expectations- and then categorise factors influencing the clients judgement and performance

Question 27

What does processing allow the counselor to mentally catalogue t

Answer 27

Clients beliefs , knowledge , attitude and expectations Information given by his or her family Counselors observation

Question 28

What is responding

Answer 28

Is the act of communicating information to the client that includes providing feedback and emotional support, addressing issues of concern, teaching skills

Question 29

What is expressing empathy

Answer 29

Is the action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experiences that of another

Question 30

What is probing

Answer 30

It is the counselors use of a question to direct the clients attention to explore his or her situation in greater depth

Question 31

How does probing help the client

Answer 31

Probing helps to focus the clients attention in a feeling, situation or behavior Probing may encourage the client to elaborate , clarify, or illustrate what he or she has been saying Probing may enhance the clients awareness and understanding of his or her situation and feeling Probing directs the client to areas that need attention

Question 32

What is interpreting

Answer 32

Is the clinicians explanation of the clients issues after observing the clients behavior, listening to the client , and considering other source of information

Question 33

What are the components of effective interpreting

Answer 33

Determining and restating basic message Adding ideas for a new frame of reference Validating these ideas with the client

Question 34

Non verbal communication in relation to culture and context

Answer 34

Most nonverbal have haibo it’s have multiple meanings Some nonverbal behaviors have different meanings in different cultures

Question 35

How to attend to nonverbal communication

Answer 35

Increase awareness of nonverbal communications Notice body language - a persons stance posture , physical tension Acknowledge what you observe - be open and candid

Question 36

Role of silence

Answer 36

Silence can encourage the client to reflect and continue sharing. it can allow the client to experience the power of his or her own words

Question 37

What are some characteristics of bad listening

Answer 37

Make little eye contact Makes distracting movements Faces away from the speaker Has a closed posture Interrupts speaker Does too many other things while listening Has a flat affect, speaks in a monotone, gives few signals of interest

Question 38

What can we do influence or change behavior

Answer 38

``` Directives Reframed and interpretations Advice Feedback Logical consequences ```

Question 39

What is a directive

Answer 39

Tells a person what to do Works beat if clear and concrete Serves to: -move a person to take a specific act

Question 40

Reframing and interpretations

Answer 40

Attempts to replace an old, maladaptive response with a newer, more useful one Serve to: - increase insight and understanding - shift emotional or intellectual response

Question 41

What is advice

Answer 41

Provides information to help client make a decision. Can be very directive or les so Serves to: -share information that would be relevant for a persons decisions, actions, or understanding

Question 42

Disadvantages of advice

Answer 42

It’s often disempowering People may say(but not really) that they want advice

Question 43

What is feedback

Answer 43

Gives information about how person is experienced by others Serves to: Help client see self more objectively(as others see him or her) Feedback works best when - it is requested or desired - it is concrete - it is positive - if negative, it addresses something changeable or controllable

Question 44

What are logical consequences

Answer 44

Focuses on the logical consequences of a persons behavior, actions , thoughts , or feelings Serves to: -increase awareness of consequences

Question 45

Why do we need to learn communication skills

Answer 45

The goal of counseling is to help person tell their story With effective listening skills you can assist a person in communicating their thoughts and feelings When you understand where a person is starting from, it is easier to help them read their goal