Communication Chapter 5 MCQ

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

The transfer of information from one individual to another, or from one group to another

Question 2

Language

Answer 2

A set of sounds that convey meaning because they are ogranised according to a set of rules

Question 3

Utterences

Answer 3

Complete units of speech in spoken language

Question 4

Semantic rules

Answer 4

Rules that determine the meaning of sounds and words

Question 5

Grammer

Answer 5

Collection of morphological, syntactic and semantic rules that govern the production and comprehension of a language

Question 6

Grammatical gender

Answer 6

Organisation of nouns along masculine, feminine and neutral dimensions

Question 7

Pragmatics

Answer 7

The distinction between what a speakers words literally mean and the speakers intended meaning

Question 8

Speech act theory

Answer 8

Theory proposing that speakers use language to perform specific actions

Question 9

Locution

Answer 9

Non-ambiguous (literal) meaning of an utterance

Question 10

Illocution

Answer 10

The speech act that is performed by an utterance

Question 11

Perlocution

Answer 11

The unintended effects of an utterance

Question 12

Indirect language

Answer 12

Use of language in which the intended meaning is not stated explicitly yet is commonly understood

Question 13

Theory of conversational implicature

Answer 13

Grices theory argues that people are able to understand each other and communicate effectively because they follow various ‘rules’ of conversation

Question 14

Cooperative principle

Answer 14

The principle that people follow a set of rules that enable communication to function effectively

Question 15

Politeness

Answer 15

Proceess by which communicators frame their conversations in order to save the face of their interlocutors

Question 16

Face

Answer 16

Peoples concern about their value or standing in the eyes of others

Question 17

Positive face

Answer 17

A persons wish to be liked

Question 18

Negative face

Answer 18

A persons wish not to be bothered

Question 19

Universal norm

Answer 19

The culturally universal tendency to use more formal, polite language with people who are higher in status than ourselves, or higher in social istance from ourselves

Question 20

Cultural frame switching

Answer 20

Because languages are learned in different cultural settings, different knowledge structures are learned and this influences thought

Question 21

Masculine generic language

Answer 21

Use of masuline words such as man and mankind to represent people in general

Question 22

Saying is believing effect

Answer 22

The tendency for a persons memory of individuals, groups or events to be influenced by what they have said about them

Question 23

Social markers

Answer 23

Features of language use that convey information about a speakers characteristics

Question 24

Matched guise technique

Answer 24

technique used to measure attitudes about a speaker based on the speakers language use

Question 25

Received pronunciation (RP)

Answer 25

Standard, high status spoken accent

Question 26

Speech accommodation theory

Answer 26

Theory asserting that people modify their speech style in converations to suit the context

Question 27

Speech convergence

Answer 27

Speech-style shift towars that of the listener

Question 28

Speech divergence

Answer 28

Speech-style shift awar from that of the listener

Question 29

Communication accommodation theory

Answer 29

Extension of speech accommodation theory, asserting that people modify their speech style and nonverbal behaviours in conversations to suit the context

Question 30

Common ground

Answer 30

Shared worldview between individuals

Question 31

Linguistic intergroup bias (LIB)

Answer 31

The tendency for people to describe ingroup positive and outgroup negative behaviours abstracly, but to descrive ingroup negative and outgroup positive behavious conccretely

Question 32

Linguistic expectancy bias

Answer 32

Interpersonal version of the linguistic intergroup bias, whereby people describe expected behaviours abstractly and unexpected behviours concretely

Question 33

Nonverbal communication

Answer 33

Everything that communicates a message but does not include words

Question 34

Social intellect

Answer 34

Set of skills involving the ability to infer peoples emotions, motives, intentions and personality, and the ability to communicate the same information about the self

Question 35

Co-verbal behaviours

Answer 35

Nonverbal behaviours that accompany speech and convery information to a receiver

Question 36

Interpersonal distance

Answer 36

The closeness between one person and another

Question 37

Facial expressions

Answer 37

Voluntary or involuntary changes in the face that convery informationto a recipient in conversation

Question 38

Display rules

Answer 38

Cultural rules governing the appropriateness of expressing emotions in particular contexts

Question 39

Gestures

Answer 39

Hand and arm movements that accompany verbal communication

Question 40

Emblems (quotable gestures)

Answer 40

Gestures that replace or substitutes for verbal communication

Question 41

Gaze

Answer 41

Looking at another persons eyes

Question 42

Eye contact (mutual gaze)

Answer 42

when two people are looking at each others eyes at the same time

Question 43

Nonverbal sensitiivity

Answer 43

Ability to descern other peoples thoughts, feelings and intentions from their nonverbal behaviour

Question 44

Motivational impairment effect

Answer 44

The ironic tendency for the motivation to hide deceit to make concealing deceit less effective

Question 45

Conversations

Answer 45

Interactions between individuals encompassing both verbal and nonverbal communication

Question 46

Back channel communication

Answer 46

Cues that let the speaker know that a person is listening

Question 47

Conversation analysis (CA)

Answer 47

the study of talk in interactions, which attempts to describe the structure and patterns of conversation

Question 48

Discourse analysis (DA)

Answer 48

Analysis of an entire communcative event located in a perticular sociohistoric context

Question 49

Computer-mediated communication (CMC)

Answer 49

Communcation via the use of computer networks