communications Flashcards
(16 cards)
Clay Tokens
a primitive form of accounting
Sumerian tablet
the purpose was to keep track of their tasks for the result of rewards
When were the oldest carvings made?
45 000 before Christ
Pictograms
an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance
what has Gutenberg done?
in 1456 Gutenberg printed bibles and was the first book using a movable type. he also made a revolutionary move using metal cap locks and pressing.
scriptoria
a group of scribes
what was the first major form of communication?
Printing
how has printing influenced production?
a shift was made from a scriptorium to a printing shop. bookshops became bigger as well as library’s. transportation and postal systems also increased.
although printers began their existence what important piece continued communications?
Scriptoria continued because printing was often messy and censored.
when was the first English dictionary invented?
the first English dictionary was invented in 1604 by Robert Cawdrey
Where and when was the first weekly journal invented?
The first weekly journal was invented in Germany 1609
Who is Martin Luther of 1518?
Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-five Theses to the door of All Saints’ Church in Wittenberg on 31 October 1517. he especially resented Italian dominance.
what were tally bones used for?
marking or carving on a tally bone was used to keep track of quantity data,
what was unfortunate about being a peasant or poor in the beginning of communications era?
They couldn’t read
describe a water clock telegraph
an outflow water clock, the inside of a container was marked with lines of measurement. The container was filled with water, which was allowed to leak out at a steady pace. Observers were able to tell time by measuring the change in water level.
Describes Chappe’s Telegraph
a series of towers, each within line of sight of others, each supporting a wooden mast with two crossarms on pivots that could be placed in various positions. The operator in a tower moved the arms to a sequence of positions, spelling out text messages in semaphore code. The operator in the next tower read the message through a telescope, then passed it on to the next tower.
