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fall semester 2024 > communications exam one > Flashcards

communications exam one Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

what is the number one top rated skill by employers

A

oral and written communication

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2
Q

what percentage of communication graduates land first destination?

A

92%

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3
Q

what is the percent breakdown of the 92% first destination?

A

75% employed, 25% grad school

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4
Q

what is the communication major hours requirement?

A

37 hours

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5
Q

why do social scientists perform research

A

to:
- explain
- predict
- make a difference

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6
Q

what is the research format?

A
  • abstract
  • introduction
  • method
  • results
  • discussion
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7
Q

what is abstract?

A

a small paragraph and a title

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8
Q

what is introduction?

A

what has been done before and contribution

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9
Q

what is method?

A

what did they do?

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10
Q

what is results?

A

what did they find?

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11
Q

what is discussion?

A

what does it mean?

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12
Q

what is a variable?

A

a concept that can have two or more values

EXAMPLES: nomical value, ratio level data, interval measure ranking, etc

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13
Q

what is conceptual definition?

A

a statement that describes a concept in terms of theoretical concepts

EXAMPLE : how can we define age?

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14
Q

what is operational definition?

A

statement that describes a concept in terms of its observable behaviors/characteristics

EXAMPLE: how we measure…

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15
Q

what is experimental research?

A

it is research characterized as a controlled test of a cause-and-effect relationships of variables

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16
Q

what is an independent variable?

A
  • the cause of the experiment
  • the model being manipulated
  • the predictor variable
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17
Q

what is a dependent variable?

A
  • the outcome of the experiment
  • the effect
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18
Q

what is a confounding variable?

A

variables not assessed that can obscure the relationship between two measured variables

only confound if you dont measure it

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19
Q

what is a hypothesis?

A
  • educated guess
  • builds up on research

using a reusable bottle will help the environment

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20
Q

what is the one shot case study?

A

includes
- one group
- message
- observation
- X 0

WORST ONE

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21
Q

what is the pretest-posttest design?

A
  • two groups
  • pretest and postest both groups
  • experiment in one
  • randomization
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22
Q

what is the posttest only group design?

A
  • two groups
  • randomization
  • posttest in both
  • experiment in one

prof quick favorite

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23
Q

what is the solomon four design?

A
  • four groups
  • randomization in all
  • pretests in two group
  • postest in all groups
  • experiment in one pretest/post and in post only

BEST ONE (can be limited)

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24
Q

definition of description research?

A

research occuring in a naturalistic setting

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25
what is an in depth interview?
- interviews used to understand the experience and perspective through stories and accounts - used to validate and interpretate
26
what is a focus group?
- 6-12 people - 90 minutes long - exploits group effect - good to understand emotional response, message, comprehension, etc
27
what is an observation?
- complete participant - complete observer - involved/not involved in the scene (P/O)
28
what is member checking?
refers to intervviews that verify, validate, or comment on information from other sources
29
what is data saturation?
the point in data collection when no new information is obtained
30
what are the significant points of study?
- hypothesis/research question is clearly presented - feasability (does it seem logical) - theoretical or practical contribution
31
what is validity?
reflects the degree to which a study reflects real meaning of a phenomenon
32
what is external validity?
refers to the degree to which study findings can be generalized to other samples and contexts
33
what is internal validity?
refers with whether outcomes are a result of an experimental treatment.
34
what should you research for a job intertview?
yourself, network, job, company, mission, current projects
35
why do research for an interview?
be prepared with questions, tailored resume intelligent discussion
36
some general impressions with job interviews?
- social media - communication (online/oral) - grooming/attire - puncuality - rapport
37
what are some examples of nonverbal communication?
- handshake - body language - eye contact - smile - attire - speaking rate
38
what are some tips that makes a successful applicant?
1. listen 2. think before you speak 3. address the questions 4. be enthusiastic 5. prepare questions
39
what are some tips for answering questions?
- prepare more questions than needed - organize them by importance - ask open ended questions
40
what are some dont questions in interviews?
dont ask "have to", "me", "little bit" or "uninformed" questions
41
# ` what are the two senses of an agrument?
- reason giving or - overt disagreement
42
what is the purpose of studying argument?
to better understand what other people mean with their words
43
what is a argument anatomy
- claim - grounds - qualifier - warrant - backing - rebuttal
44
what is a claim?
the point of an argument
45
what is grounds?
the evidence of an argument, used to support claim
46
what is qualifier?
the confidence level of the argument
47
what is a warrant?
the statement that justifies the grounds
48
what is a backing?
a statement that supports the grounds or warrant
49
what is a rebuttal?
a statement that identifies possible exceptions to the warrant
50
what are the standards for a good argument?
acceptability relevance sufficency
51
what is a fallacy?
common weaknesses in arguments
52
what is the fallacy of relevance?
grounds dont connect to the claim
53
what is the fallacy of ambiguity?
manipulates information to be misleading | straw man
54
what is the fallacy of presumption?
false assumptions that are at the heart of the argument | generalization
55
what is perloffs definition of persuasion?
a symbolic process in where communicators try to convince people to change their behaviors or attitude regarding an issue, through free choice | CHANGING ATTITUDE INTENTIONALLY
56
what is coercion?
using force, intending to make people do what the coercer wants
57
what is manipulation?
a deceptive influential attempt that will benefit the manipulator
58
what are some persuasive effects?
reinforcing (postive) shaping (nuetral) changing (negative)
59
what book did aristotle write, and what are the main topics in it?
The Rhetoric: - ethos - pathos - logos
60
what does ethos, pathos and logos represent?
ethos - appeal to logic pathos - appeal to credibility logos - emotional appeal
61
what is credibility?
the quality of being believable
62
what are the four dimensions of credibility?
1. competence 2. trustworthiness 3. goodwill 4. social attraction
63
what are the two competence ideas?
product competence and process competence
64
what is product competence?
understanding your field and being an expert
65
what is process competence
being able to explain what your field is to other people
66
what should you do with credibility?
always guard your credibility
67
what is the elaboration likelihood model?
a dual process model including - central route - peripheral route
68
what is the concept of central route?
deep thoughts, takes time, effort
69
what is the concept of peripheral route?
unthoughtful, no thinking needed, low effort
70
what are the two main things needed for central processing (central route)?
you need to be motivated and competent | must be concious
71
what are concepts for peripheral processing? (peripheral route)
unconcious or consious unstable attitude change consistency authority scarcity social proof | can impact what we choose
72
what are two factors that influence message
involvement and ability
73
what is the balance theory?
a triad (triangle) of relatinoships including a person, another person, and an issue (P, O, X) triangle
74
what are the relationship charges for the balance theory?
1. positive charge 2. negative charge
75
how do you determine wheteher a relationship is balanced?
you have to multiply the three relationships (PO, PX, OX) | EX: clinton, self, affair scandal
76
what happens when attitudes are unbalanced?
resolve conflict with : denial bolstering differentiation transcendence
77
what is denial?
deny relationships
78
what is bolstering?
the person did good things
79
what is differentiation?
differentiate the person from their persona
80
what is transcendence?
the person had to deal with vicious attack for what they did
81
what is the diffusion theory?
explains how innovations are introduced and adopted by various communities
82
What is the innovation-decision process?
knowledge persuasion decision implementation confirmation | MUST BE IN ORDER
83
what are innovation atributes of diffusion theory?
relative advantage compatability complexibility trialability observability

fall semester 2024 (6 decks)

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