Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

DTMH Block 3 > Community acquired pneumonia > Flashcards

Community acquired pneumonia Flashcards

(49 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Define typical pneumonia

A

CAP
Acquired outside of hospital/healthcare facilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define atypical pneumonia

A

Milder symptoms with gradual onset
Resistance to beta-lactams
Extrapulmonary symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name causative bacterial organisms of typical pneumonia

A

S. pneumo (most common)
H. influenza
S. aureus
GNB (klebs)
Anaerobes
Pseudo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name causative viral organisms of typical pneumonia

A

Influenza
RSV
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Metapneumovirus
Coronavirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name common causative organism of typical pneumonia in HIV patients

A

PJP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name strong risk factors for typical pneumonia

A

Age>65y
Residence in healthcare setting
COPD
Smoker
Alcohol
Poor oral hygiene
PPIs
Contact with children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name weak risk factors for typical pneumonia

A

DM
CKD
Opioid use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are risk factors for hospitalisation in pneumonia?

A

HIV
Increasing age
Underlying lung disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are risk factors for mortality in pneumonia?

A

HIV
Increasing age
Mechanical ventilation
Supplemental oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the clinical presentation of pneumonia?

A

SOB, chest pain, cough, tachypnea, mucopurulent sputum with at least 1 systemic feature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which manifestation of pneumonia is most common in the elderly?

A

Confusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for pneumonia

A

PE
Pneumothorax
Cardiac failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the workup of typical pneumonia?

A

CXR
Laboratory (CRP, PCT, FBC, urea)
Micro (sputum MCS, urine legionella and pneumococcal, PCR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which micro test is being phased out of typical pneumonia work up?

A

Blood culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which scores are used to determine outpatient vs hospitalised pneumonia care?

A

CURB65
Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the parameters of CURB65

A

Confusion
Urea>7
RR>30
BP <90
Age>65y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the gold standard for PJP diagnosis?

A

Immunofluroscent staining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which biomarkers can be done to assist with PJP diagnosis?

A

BDG
LDH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the empiric choice of antibiotics in CAP in low risk patients?

A

Outpatient - amoxil
Inpatient (non-severe) - ampi
Inpatient (severe) - augmentin or 3rd gen plus macrolide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the empiric choice of antibiotics in CAP in high risk patients?

Study These Flashcards
A

Outpatient - augmentin or 2nd gen
Inpatient (non-severe) - augmentin or 3rd gen
Inpatient (severe) - augmentin or 3rd gen plus macrolide

21
Q

What is empiric TB therapy?

Study These Flashcards
A

Rarely required - only in severely ill patient with biliary pattern on CXR with suspected TB

22
Q

What is empiric PJP therapy?

Study These Flashcards
A

Bactrim
Systemic corticosteroids

23
Q

What is the empiric therapy for influenza?

Study These Flashcards
A

Oseltamivir 75mg bd

24
Q

What are features of clinical stability to switch from IV to oral in CAP?

Study These Flashcards
A

Haemodynamic stability
Respiratory stability
No fever
No delirium
Able to take oral

25
What are causative bacteria of atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumo C. psittaci/pneumonia Legionella F. tularensis Y. pestis B. anthracis C. burnetii
26
What are causative fungi of atypical pneumonia?
Histoplasma Blastomyces Coccidioides Pneumocystis
27
What are causative viral of atypical pneumonia?
Influenza Parainfluenza RSV Adenovirus Metapneumovirus VZV Measles EBV CMV Hantavirus
28
Name strong risk factors for atypical pneumonia
Closed communities Immunosuppression Hx of exposure <50y
29
Name weak risk factors for atypical pneumonia
Smoking Male Travel Immunomodulators Chronic lung disease
30
Discuss the clinical features of atypical pneumonia
Constitutional Persistent, dry cough Throat involvement Fever Non-respiratory
31
Name common features of legionella pneumonia
Diarrhea Encephelopathy Severe infx with multi system involvement Contaminated artificial water sytems
32
Name common features of mycoplasma pneumonia
Diarrhea Abdo pain Nausea Headache Sore throat
33
Name common features of chlamydia pneumonia
No specific
34
Name common features of Q fever
Exposure to infected animal sourcesName common features of
35
Name common features of klebs pneumonia
Alcohol dependency
36
Discuss investigations for atypical pneumonia
CXR Lab (FBC, LFT, urea, O2) Micro (covid PCR, urine and sputum legionella, mycoplasma/chlamydia PCR, coxiella serology, nasopharyngeal viral cultures)
37
Which pneumonia can have low Hb?
Mycoplasma
38
Elevated LFTs suggest which pneumonia?
Mycoplasma Legionella
39
What is first line treatment for atypical pneumonia?
Macrolide Doxycycline If severe, add beta lactam
40
Name causes of pleural effusions as a complication
Legionella Mycoplasma
41
Name causes of rash as a complication
Mycoplasma
42
Name causes of neurology as a complication
Mycoplasma
43
Name causes of pericarditis as a complication
Legionella Mycoplasma
44
Name causes of atherosclerosis as a complication
Chlamydia pneumonia
45
What is the treatment if aspiration pneumonia?
Augmentin, clindamycin and flagyl
46
How much gastric contents must be aspirated to develop aspiration pneumonitis?
>150ml
47
When should you give empiric therapy for aspiration pneumonitis
If symptoms >48h post aspiration
48
What are the current PCV vaccines and the new ones?
Current - PPSV23, PCV13 New - PCV15, PCV10
49
If you have only taken the PPSV23 vaccine, when can you take the PCV13 vaccine
Wait at least one year after last PPSV23 dose

DTMH Block 3 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions