Community, maternal and child health Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is chlamydia, symptoms, and treatment?
bacterial infection
- vaginal discharge
- bleeding between periods
- lower abdo pain
- pain when urinating
- pain during sex
- discharge from penis
treated with AB
HPV and genital warts
small skin-colored lumps that might be itchy. genital warts will clear up on their own. might be treated with cream or freezing
Genital herpes, symptoms and treatment
- painful blisters
- ulcers or sores
- no symptoms
treated with anti-herpes medication
Gonorrhoea, symptoms and treatment
bacterial infection
- vaginal discharge
- bleeding between periods
- lower abdo pain
- pain during sex
- pain during urination
- discharge from the penis or rectum
- pain in testicles
- no symptoms
treated with AB
syphilis, symptoms, and treatment
bacterial infection
- chancre )painless ulcer usually on genitals)
- rash may follow
treated with AB
Hepatitis A, B, & C, symptoms and treatment
viral infection
Hep A - contaminated food and water, unprotected sex
Hep B - unprotected sex, through mum to baby, sharing needles, blood transfusion
Hep C - needles or blood
- jaundice
- dark urine
- mild flu-like symptoms
- abdo pain
- nausea
treated with diet, no alcohol or drugs, antivirals for Hep C
HIV and AIDS, symptoms and treatment
the HPV attacks the white blood cells and damages the immune system
- early flu-like symptoms
- frequent attacks of thrush and other infections
- no symptoms
no treatment, antiretroviral medications can help
Contraceptive pill (combined)
contains oestrogen and progestogen
hormones stop eggs being made, so no egg is released from the ovary
92%-99% effective
- increased risk of DVT
- slight risk of breast cancer
- sore breasts
- unexpected vaginal bleeding
Contraceptive pill (progestogen-only)
thickening the mucus in the cervix to stop sperm from traveling through, stopping the producing of monthly egg,s and changes the lining of the womb, less likely to accept a fertilized egg
92%-99% effective
- irregular bleeding
Depo provera injection
contains progestogen, every 12wks
prevents pregnancy by stopping the ovaries from releasing an egg each month as well as changes to the lining of the womb
97%-99% effective
- irregular or prolonged bleeding
- weight changes
- reduction in bone density
implant
slowly releases progestogen, works for up to 5 yrs
stops the body from releasing an egg each month, thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg
99% effective
- irregular periods or longer periods
- sore/bruised arm after insertion or removal including risk of infection
intrauterine device (IUD)
copper or hormonal (progestogen) up to 10 yrs
the hormones or copper prevent sperm from reaching the egg, if the sperm is able to reach the egg it prevents the egg from attaching to the uterine wall
99% effective
- cramps or pain when IUD is put in or removed
- the risk of infection
- risk of damage to the uterus
- copper IUD may increase bleeding and cramping during the period
- hormonal IUD may give irregular or light bleeding
- IUD may come out itself
Emergency contraceptive pill
can be taken up to 72hrs after sex
delays the release of an egg from the ovaries, is not effective if an egg has already been fertilized, unable to harm the developing embryo
98% effective for those of average weight when taken in 4 days of unprotected sex, not as effective if you weigh more than 70kg
- nausea or vomiting
- risk of ectopic pregnancy
chickenpox
viral infection may be reactivated later in life as shingles
transmitted by contact and droplet
- fever
- spots with blisters
incubation period 10-21 days
contagious period 1-2 days before symptoms and 1 wk after rash or until blisters have dried
hand, foot, and mouth disease
viral illness
transmitted by droplet
- fever
- flu-like symptoms
- rash on soles, palms, and mouth
incubation period 3-5 days
contagious period until blisters have dried
head lice
transmitted by contact
- itchy scalp
- scalp infection
contagious period until their are no lice present
measles
viral illness
transmitted by airborne and contact
- runny nose and eyes
- cough and fever
- rash
incubation period 7-18 days
contagious period 4 days before till 5 days after rash
complications
- ear infections
- pneumonia
- seizures
Ringworm
fungal infection
transmitted by contact
- flat ring-shaped rash
incubation period 4-6wks
contagious period when lesions are no longer present
Rubella (German measles)
transmitted by airborne and contact
- fever
- swollen glands and rash on face, scalp and body
incubation period 14-23 days
contagious period 7 days before symptoms appear and 7 days after the appearance of the rash
complications
- bleeding problems
- testicular swelling
- inflammation of nerves
scabies
parasite/mite
transmitted by contact
- itchy rash
incubation period 4-6wks re-exposure may develop in 1-4 days
contagious period 1 day after appropriate treatment
complications
- skin infection
HPV
viral infection
transmitted by droplet
- red checks and lack-like rash on body
incubation period 4-20 days
contagious period few days proceeding rash
influenza
virus
transmitted by droplet
- sudden onset of fever with cough
- sore throat
- muscular aches and headache
incubation period 1-4 days
contagious period 1 day before onset of symptoms until 5-7 days after onset of symptoms
streptococcal sore throat (strep throat)
infection caused by bacteria
transmitted by droplet
- headache
- vomiting
- sore throat
incubation period 1-3 days
the contagious period onset of symptoms until 24hrs after starting AB
Whooping cough (pertussis)
bacterial infection
transmitted by droplet
- runny nose
- persistent cough
- vomiting and breathlessness
incubation period 5-21 days
contagious period 6 days after exposure until approx 3wks after onset of cough
