comp Flashcards
0
Q
the goals of psychology are
A
to describe, explain, predict and control behaviour and mental processes
1
Q
psychology is best defined as
A
the scientific study of behaviour and mental process
2
Q
what is the first stage that a terminally ill person goes through when coming to terms with their pending death according to kubler-ross
A
denial
3
Q
if a person was to receive a free candy bar when they pulled on the lever of a candy machine it would be
A
operant conditioning
4
Q
are phobias a type of personality disorder
A
no
5
Q
social phobia, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder are what type of disorder
A
anxiety
6
Q
repetitive unnecessary behaviours can be symptoms of
A
obsessive-compulsive disorder
7
Q
bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder fall into what category
A
mood disorders
8
Q
one of the causes or increasing stress levels in individuals is
A
the unpredictability of a stressor and not having control over the stressor
9
Q
according to maslow’s hierarchy of needs, what needs must be satisfied before a person will try to satisfy the Self Actualization needs
A
self esteem
10
Q
according to Piaget infants are unable to
A
differentiate between themselves and others
11
Q
the presence of psychotic symptoms including hallucinations is a characteristic o what mental illness
A
schizophrenia
12
Q
what are goals
A
statements that describe a state or a condition or intent
13
Q
_________ ____________ are typically used to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other anxiety disorders
A
biological therapies
14
Q
_________ __________ is based on the notion that psychological well-being depends on self understanding
A
insight therapy
15
Q
antipsychotic drugs that are used to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia are believed to work by blocking the action of ______
A
dopamine
16
Q
what is narcolepsy
A
when a person experiences frequent periods of sleep attacks during the day
17
Q
the assessment interview is beneficial because
A
it provides information to evaluate an individual
18
Q
a case history review contains
A
both open and closed ended questions, is comprehensive and in depth, and is more focused on specific questions
19
Q
a treatment team is organized to
A
meet the needs of clients who exhibit multiple problems
20
Q
true or false
the assessment interview is an informal interview that provides the case manager with information on the treatment process
A
false
21
Q
is it a good idea to use abbreviations to shorten lengthy reports
A
no
22
Q
true or false
the obligation of confidentiality is fundamental to developing a relationship between the client and the counsellor
A
true
23
Q
one of the most important parts of the assessment procedure for substance abuse assessment is
A
the diagnostic interview
24
in what type of cases is the relationship between alcoholism and depression commonly present
dual diagnosis
25
true or false
| a client does not have to be told when there is a request for data
false
26
what are the two primary diagnostic categories related to substance abuse
abuse and dependence
27
true or false
| it is perfectly acceptable to use one summary recording to describe several contacts with a client
true
28
in most interdisciplinary teams the case manager has the responsibility for
leading the team and developing an atmosphere that fosters good collaboration
29
true or false
family and friends are not involved in client care and do not expect to have a voice in the planning and treatment process
false
30
with respect to the DSM-IV the primary difference in symptoms between categories of abuse and dependence are
increased tolerance and/or withdrawal symptoms
31
the assessment process is made up of what three components
screening, assessment and diagnosis
32
true or false
| the deduction of a substance use problem is in itself extremely useful even if there is no recommendation or treatment
false
33
true or false
the CAGE and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test(MAST) are specific test that can only be used to determine the person's substance abuse problems
false
34
the sequence of a set of symbols is determined by_______ ______
syntactic rules
35
________ ____________ is said to be symbolic and involves behavioural description
human communication
36
a museum tour guide who gives the same speech several times in one day is a good example of what mode of speech delivery
memorized
37
public communication is most often characterized by
an unequal distribution of speaking time
38
as a speaker, when you address a specific need of the audience you employ what in the audience
information hunger
39
an example of a ____________ is when a speaker might say, "If you go away from here with only one thing, I hope it is...."
signpost
40
stating the desired audience response as the opening statement of a speech is an example of using an _________ ___________
attention-getter
41
true or false
| recovery from a drug addiction can be a long-term process and frequently requires multiple episodes of treatment
true
42
to be most effective, treatment for substance abuse should address what three levels
the individual, group, and the family
43
which model of treatment is to seek to reduce the individual's risk, until the person is ready to abstain from chemicals
harm reduction
44
what is the most prevalent factor that hinders a clinician's ability to make an accurate diagnosis of substance abuse problem with a client
denial
45
in the DSM-IV: a recurrent use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school or home and continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the substance is
the criteria or substance abuse
46
according to the Minnesota Model, clients being treated in the same setting and that may have different chemical preferences is what kind of treatment
integrated treatment
47
evaluation of the client's physical condition, measuring of the degree of intoxication and planning for possible physical complications is part of what phase
the detox phase
48
true or false
regarding treatment plans, terminology must be understood,, problems/current symptoms, goals and objectives are essential, and target dates are recommended
true
49
is it a requirement of treatment planning for clients to give feedback of the assessment and counselling services being provided
yes
50
true or false
| by definition, substance abuse is the use of a drug by an individual here there is no legitimate medical need to do so
false
51
acute withdrawal symptoms from opiates include
anxiety, insomnia and a runny nose
52
what is Rohypnol
the date rape drug
53
the role/use of barbiturates are for
controlling anxiety and promoting sleep
54
Jellinek's Medical Model of addiction is on
alcoholism
55
true or false
| factors that initiate individual chemical use are identical to the factors that maintain that chemical use
false
56
organizations such a AA and NA place heavy emphasis on _______ in order to combat the disease of addiction
honesty
57
the first three steps of the AA program consist of
addressing the need to accept one's limitation
the change-orientated steps
the challenge to continue on the road to recovery steps
58
on the chemical use continuum, early problem use of drugs is considered to be what level
two
59
according to research, what is the most widely abused opiate in the US and perhaps the most destructive of the illicit drugs
heroin
60
true or false
| defence mechanisms such as denial are not known to operate unconsciously
false
61
true or false
according to the Biological Differences Theories, alcohol dependent individuals seem to metabolize alcohol differently that a non-drinker
true
62
tolerance to a drug refers to
the need to increase the dose of a drug to reproduce the original effect
63
in the context of AA, when we say that a person is a sponsor that means that they are
a person who has worked through the program and understands their addiction
64
the statement "all druggies are hopeless losers" is an example of
stereotyping
65
"heart disease is the leading cause of death in the North Amercian population" is an example of what kind of statement
factual
66
true or false
| when people indicate how they feel about each other, either verbally or non-verbally, they are sending a meta message
false
67
the statement "you can hear and not listen" best describes the relationship between
listening and hearing
68
a person who seeks status through deflating the status of others, boasting and criticizing others is considered what type of person
an aggressor
69
buzz groups are generally formed when....
a larger group is broken down into smaller groups to facilitate problem solving
70
giving a speech that is not appropriate to the needs/wants of the audience is .....
poor audience analysis
71
true or false
when delivering a speech to an audience a speaker can resort to using several techniques which will make it easier for the audience to understand such as: starting with familiar concepts and move forward to connect it to the new information that you want them to know, simple information at the beginning and build up to more complex explanations, use purpose statements and information hunger techniques in the delivery
true
72
when an individual appears to be listening attentively to group members but then take a comment made by a group member and uses it to attack that person they are called
an ambusher
73
a problem that is associated with the disease model of addiction is
that it is not universally accepted
74
an individual's preoccupation with further chemical use is regarded as one of the signs of
an individual's addiction to chemicals
75
the stage that specific feelings, thoughts, and behaviours are addressed and identified which they would most like to change is
stage 3: helping clients create goals
76
true or false
in a managed care environment the emphasis is on making quick assessments of client's problems and designing brief interventions geared toward problematic symptoms
true
77
true or false
managed care systems do not tend to have the goal of providing services that are as brief as possible to ameliorate presenting problems.
false
78
true or false
an example of a client feeling justifiably frustrated is if a client (at your job as a career counsellor) is wheelchair dependent and is unable to find employment since leaving college. this client may be facing discrimination, even if it is against the law
true
79
research has shown that addicted persons tend to share common characteristics such as
they frequently use manipulative "games" to try and control others in support of their addictions
80
true or false
| the therapeutic community model of treatment suffers from significant dropout rates
true
81
benzodiazepines are generally the agent of choice for the control of_______ __________ ___________
severe alcohol withdrawal
82
what is the drug of choice for opiate withdrawal
LAAM
83
what is considered one of the major shortcomings of the methadone maintenance concept
it does not block the euphoric effects of drugs other than opiates
84
if a person breaks the law while under the influence of drugs/alcohol are they still legally responsible
yes
85
true or false
| time limits should be strictly adhered to except in an emergency for time management purposes in a clinical interview
true
86
confidential information can be disclosed when
you have a clients permission
| when the client is suicidal or in danger to harm others
87
before recording a client by audio or visual you must
obtain their permission
88
if you have a client who is expressing angry feelings towards another person and they make a statement that they may be tempted to "blow them away one of these days" you should
consider contacting the person at risk for harm
| contact a colleague and discuss the ethical dimensions in the case
89
when you experience long silences (especially in the first interview) they may be due to confusion of the client you should
be supportive and help the client clarify and sort out important issues in their life
90
conducting and initial assessment generally occurs at what stage
stage 2: identifying client's problems
91
family therapy tends to be
short-term
solution-focused
action-orentated
92
true or false
| as applied to the family-systems approach: "a particular family dysfunction is generally caused by the client"
false
93
true or false
theories of family therapy can be grouped into categories of those that focus on change within the therapy session and deal with the occurrence of change outside the therapeutic context in the natural world
true
94
sticking closely with client speech content is called
verbal tracking
95
true or false
| attending and listening are synonymous
false
96
_________ ___________ are important in the expression and perception of emotion, they may be referred to as paralinguistic, and they consist of loudness, pitch, rate, and fluency
vocal qualities
97
"it looks like that is painful for you" is an example of a ___________ listening response
nondirective
98
the goal of interpretive reflection is to
uncover emotions that the client may only be partially aware of
99
an example of using a __________ technique is when they make a statement such as: "on one hand, you say you love your child, but on the other hand you continue to put her out in the hall where you force her to stand for hours. How do you put that together?"
confrontation
100
couples and family counselling is a specialization that is primarily concerned with
relationship counselling
101
true or false
| never saying "I don't know" is not a way to profit from your supervision
true
102
true or false
| supervisors play multiple roles in the supervision that at times the boundaries are not always clear
true
103
true or false
clients who want information about the helping process are not an example of transference as no emotions are being projected onto the helper
true
104
failure to be aware of cultural and gender-based differences in clients's backgrounds may influence or hamper __________ ________
effective listening
105
theoretically a _________-__________ therapist would most likely begin an interview in a more directive manner than other types
cognitive-behavioural
106
true or false
when considering the appropriate grooming and attire for the beginning clinical interviewer, you should remember that clients will judge you by the way you look and dress and many beginning interviewers err on the side of casualness
true
107
with regard to introducing yourself as a beginning interviewer you should
give your full name and an accurate description of your status
108
true or false
if an individual talks a great deal about their past and shares many stories you might be wondering where the conversation is leading it would be best to demonstrate genuine interest since a great deal of a person will be revealed through the stories that are shared with you
true
109
true or false
if you are working with an older person, one of your first tasks is to debunk some of the myths and negative perceptions about older people that you may have consciously or unconsciously incorporated
true
110
the western culture tends to place prime value on
the family and the community in which one lives
111
true or false
recent trends in multiculturalism includes embracing multiculturalism as it will become the norm rather than the exception in the counselling process, concern for adapting techniques and interventions to culturally varied clients, and recognition for the helpers self-awareness is important as cultural awareness in multi cultural helping situation
true
112
_____________ ____________ refers to the practice s that integrate cultural-specific awareness, knowledge and skills
multicultural counselling
113
socioeconomic background, gender, age, race, place of residence, ethnicity, race and religion are all examples of a __________ ________
demographic variable
114
a ___________ ___________ is a group composed of people who are similar in age, type of problem, and personality characteristics
homogenous group
115
the therapeutic factor in groups by which members let each other know how they are affected by their behaviour in group
feedback
116
true or false
| making sure everyone leaves the group session feeling close to others is the priority when closing group sessions
false
117
discouraging members from making their own interpretations is not the group leadership skill of ____________
interpreting
118
in using the group leadership skill of confronting, a leader should avoid ____________ the person
labelling
119
true or false
| it is a co-leader issue at the pre-group planning stage to be in agreement concerning ethical aspects of group work
true
120
when a group is in the __________ _________ of its development, it is helpful for co-leaders to avoid taking sides with each other in attacking members, both should be willing to talk objectively in group about challenge from members, and pay attention to their personal reaction to problematic member behaviours
transition stage
121
a heterogeneous group is when the goal of a group is the simulation of __________ ________
everyday life
122
no meeting regularly, creating cliques, not trusting/respecting each other are all potentially harmful ___________ actions which can negatively affect both the group members and leaders in a group
co-leader
123
true or false
in order to create a climate of trust, the leader should emphasize that confidentiality within the group must be absolute, without limitations
false
124
true or false
| co-leaders who have divergent views on the division of responsibility might cause problems in the group context
true
125
the development of ________ is the major task to be accomplished at the initial stages of group development
trust
126
true or false
groups are a place to get emotionally high, they are places where people tear you and than don't rebuild you, and the goal is to leave feeling close and loving towards everyone in the group
false
127
the therapeutic factor in groups that involves the release of pent-up feelings is called __________
catharsis
128
true or false
| termination should be dealt with well before the last session
true
129
_________ is the term used to refer to the ability of drugs to produce a specific desired effect
potency
130
______________ is referring to what a drug does to the body.
pharacodynamics
131
true or false
| the group leader needs to be aware of the use of time in the final stage
true
132
true or false
| it is appropriate or group leaders to make frequent use of group time to explore their own problems
false
133
true or false
it can be considered an advantage to have follow-up sessions about 3-6 months after the terminations of a group as the session can be a valuable accountability measure, members are apt to be more motivated to take steps to make change, and the leader can evaluate the degree of the effectiveness of the group
true
134
the term biotransformation of a drug is synonymous to the drugs ___________
metabolism
135
the term endogenous substances are used to represent drugs that are
produced naturally within the body
136
____________ is the degree to which a drug is able to induce a given desirable effect
efficacy
137
we can detect the presence of drugs in _______, ________, and __________
sweat, tears and saliva
138
true or false
| the threshold dose of a drug is that dose which is just large enough to produce a change in response
true
139
a drug therapeutic index is the drugs _______ ________ of _________
relative margin of safety
140
the bioavailability of a drug is used to refer to the rate of __________ of the drug
absorption
141
true or false
| panic disorder is a condition that a person may be treated with an anxiolytic type of drug
true
142
liver damage ranging from alcoholic hepatitis to cirrhosis are effects of
chronic alcohol use
143
continued exposure to amphetamines and related drugs will eventually lead to ___________, ___________ and possible _____________
malnutrition, high blood pressure, and possible brain damage
144
true or false
| the words ligand and drug CAN be used interchangeably
false
145
morphine and similar-acting drugs are classified as
narcotics
146
what is the most commonly use psychostimulant
caffeine
147
a term that can be used interchangeably to refer to sedative hypnotics is
depressants
148
behavioural stimulants and CNS stimulants are frequently use terms for _______________
psychostimulants
149
true or false
| the symptoms of withdrawal from opiates are generally opposite of the direct effects of the drugs
true
150
true or false
| a drug's toxicity is its ability to damage biological systems
true
151
_________ is related to bad health as _________ is related to good health
distress
| eustress
152
true or false
| all drugs must pass through the liver at one time or another
true
153
_________ _________ can be an example of power of the mind over the body
positive imaging
154
true or false
| exercising is the recommended relaxation method that is commonly used in the treatment of insomnia
false
155
true or false
| when one believes they have control over a situation, this perceived control can act as a buffer against stress
true
156
true or false
| good nutrition supports the mind and the emotions allowing one to experience total wellness
true
157
true or false
| reduction of portions is one of the 5 characteristics of a nutritious diet
false
158
a person's _______ _______ ________ is used to determine obesity in a person. a person is considered obese if their ______ _______ ______ is greater than 30
body mass index
159
true or false
| general analysis is not a characteristic of an optimum level of stress
true
160
the impact of optimism on health may be due to
being able to take control
engaging in health-promoting behaviours
attending to health threats
161
_________ is a temporary emotion whereas _________ is considered an attitude
anger
| hostility
162
individuals who express and suppress anger are generally more prone to
coronary heart disease
163
true or false
a sense of empowerment and personal control is a mental health element that has a powerful or noticeable affect on a person's physical health.
true
164
true or false
gradually adopting a permanent lifestyle change that includes healthy nutrition and regular exercise represents the best way that a person can achieve and maintain a healthy weight
true
165
chronic pain, how people respond to stress and life events can be influenced by one's level of __________
self-esteem
166
true or false
| Down's syndrome is a condition that has been shown to have a connection to nutrition
false
167
true or false
| how we compare ourselves to others is NOT considered one of the factors upon which self esteem is based
true
168
_________ _________ refers to a person or environment that is not conductive to sleep
sleep hygiene
169
a person feeling that their symptoms are imagined is NOT a typical characteristic of a person suffering from __________
depression
170
true or false
| social disconnectedness is NOT a recommended approach to handling anger
true
171
_______ is a common way to cope for a helper who is being secondarily traumatized
denial
172
SOCRATES is a tool created by Miller at the University of New Mexico, is the "_____________________________________", and is used to assess "readiness for change".
Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale
173
trauma history and lack of organizational support are two factors that contribute to ______________ ____________
vicarious traumatization
174
convincing the client that they are in need of treatment is the goal of the ______ _________
intervention process
175
the primary duty of the assessor is to
first determine whether or not there is evidence that a substance use problem exists
176
true or false
treatment as an alternative to incarceration would seem to be more likely to be effective than cases where the client is admitted to treatment without the courts being involved
true
177
true or false
in an intervention session each participant must bring a list of specific incidents that makes them believe that their friend/sibling/family member has an alcohol use problem
true
178
the _____________________________________ is developed t meet the need for a brief but comprehensive history of drug and alcohol use, a clear profile of current and past substance us, and to be used a tool in helping client and therapist to determining the most effective treatment/action plan for the client's recovery
Drug History Questionnaire
179
true or false
| age, experience, and education are NOT characteristics rendering a therapist immune to secondary traumatic stress
true
180
features of _______________ _____________ are that the effects are cumulative, intrusive and painful, and the effects are modifiable
vicarious traumatization
181
the ______________________________________________was developed to aid in determining the level of functioning in medical/psychiatric; emotional/behavioural; barriers and resources
Adverse Consequences of Substance Use Tool
182
true or false
individuals who participate in treatment at the invitation of the court system have a lower rate of subsequent arrests for DWI than those who decide to go to jail rather than treatment
true
183
__________________________________________is a stress-resilient principle that would be beneficial to help someone who is undergoing distress due to low self-esteem, aloneness, and perfectionism
acceptance and sense of purpose
184
true or false
methadone maintenance concept is beneficial in the context to LAAM, it succeeds in blocking the euphoric effects of drugs other than opiates
false
185
the therapeutic community has become most prevalent as an intervention or drug abusers, particularly those addicted to_______
opiates
186
true or false
the initial goal of the methadone program in the beginning was to focus on rehabilitation rather than on abstinence and to help addicts live productive, if not drug free lives
true
187
most therapeutic communities operate on the assumption that the client will remain in treatment there for
1-3 years
188
true or false
according to research, participation in a methadone maintenance program will cost society about 8% as much as allowing the person to remain an active opiate addict
true
189
Chasmal or _______________________ is when traumatic stress affects the entire system after appearing in only one member
secondary trauma
190
_______________ is best described as a state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion caused by long term involvement in emotionally demanding situations.
burnout
191
part-time employment, recent layoffs, nontraditional occupations are all identified as being high risk factors associated with
women problem drinking in the workplace
192
_________ is the main reason why older adults rarely seek treatment for substance abuse problems
shame
193
discrimination by society towards members of the GLBT community can lead to ________, __________, and __________________
loss of residence
loss of job
strained family relationships
194
retirement from work, loss of family and friends, economic and financial instability are all major life changes that can make an elderly person more prone to
alcohol use
195
in regards to adolescent development, __________ is considered the critical aspect
identity
196
__________________________ is the main reason why many women do not seek treatment for their substance abuse
fear of repercussions
197
what 3 factors may be beneficial in helping a youth's resiliency against alcohol and/or drug use
sense of humour
optimism
social competence
198
true or false
| late-onset drinkers tend to have a better chance of recovery than early-onset drinkers
true
199
anxiety problems and alcohol abuse, schizophrenia and marijuana dependence, depression and dependence on sleeping pills are all examples of commonly see _____________ _______________
concurrent disorders
200
the interaction of prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs together, medication swapping between partners and friends, and erratic drug use are all situations that illustrates or is an example of
drug misuse
201
as indicated by research, one of the strongest predictors of adolescent substance abuse is
the use of drugs by their peers
202
according to research __________year olds report the highest rates of alcohol related problems
20-30
203
to lessen the impact of _________________________or to resolve it one must maintain the ability to see "grey", know one's level of tolerance and must modify one's own work schedule
secondary traumatic stress
204
the rule of thirds used by helpers who work with clients experiencing post-traumatic stress is that
one third for present issues
one third for memory/trauma work
one third for processing
205
a helper is more likely to be vulnerable if they do not have strongly formed
ethical beliefs and values
206
it is true that 30% of suicides in young people are attributed to their
questioning their sexual orientation
207
____________ are the population segment that is showing the fastest growing rate of homelessness
children
208
true or false
| the therapist must maintain emotional autonomy to ensure appropriate interventions when working with a family
true
209
true or false
| in cases of domestic violence only woman and children are victims
false
210
true or false
statistics about substance abusing families show that it increases other dysfunctional patterns of behaviour in families such as domestic violence
true
211
a change in one individual can cause other members to shift is a belief of_________________________
the family systems approach
212
frustration, anxiety and self-defeating behaviours are what a co-addict usually experiences during the
middle stage of progression
213
_________, ___________ and ___________ are common characteristics of the addictive family system
denial, hyper-vigilance and secrecy
214
blaming and denying the problem exists in most if not all of their structure is commonly seen in families in the
early stage of treatment
215
true or false
it is NOT always encouraged for families or couples to act out their emotionally based, destructive process during counselling
true
216
the tendency to control people, situations, and things are common warning signs of relapse for the _______________
co-addicted
217
given the pain and conflict within the family with an alcoholic parent, the members of the family might come to accept a form of _________________
pseudo-stability
218
true or false
| in an alcoholic family where only one member is an alcoholic the whole family has alcoholism
true
219
"elephant in the living room" refers to__________
denial
220
in the context o the aboriginal cultural beliefs, healing is understood as a ___________ __________
spiritual process
221
true or false
the clients commitment to their culture is the most important thing that the provider needs to understand when providing treatment services to an aboriginal client
true
222
________________ is the fear and hatred of homosexuality
homophobia
223
the theoretical model of ___________ ___________ __________ is based on the assumption that change in behaviour comes from interaction between individuals and their environment
homosexual identity formation
224
___________ is the most essential elements in order to help in the successful treatment and/or recovery for the homeless
housing
225
psychological, socio-cultural and biological are the primary risk factors for substance abuse in the __________ ___________
aboriginal population
226
a lack of ___________ __________ on the part of the service providers is one of the most common barriers preventing aboriginals from seeking substance abuse treatment services
cultural sensitivity
227
in a typical family system the oldest child is usually seen as the
perceived hero and confidant of the co-dependent
228
true or false
women who are left alone once leaving treatment would lend a positive impact on the long-term outcomes of women in recovery
true
229
true or false
it is common to see the family alter its activities so that it becomes more difficult for the addicted member to continue to use alcohol/drugs
false
