Compare/Contrast spoken mode text terminology Flashcards
Register
formality of a text (high/low frequency)
Accents
dialect (area you live in)
Agenda setting
speaker sets topic of conversation
Turn taking
taking turns in speaking
Adjacency pairs
two words/phrases that go together e.g. greeting+reply, questions and answer
Back channeling
supportive terms e.g. ‘oh’ and ‘really’
False starts
changing the conversation after starting
Phatic communication
speech to maintain social relation e.g. ‘hi there’, ‘how are you’
Bald-on-record
being blunt and direct e.g. ‘sit down’
Idiolect
a person’s away own way of speaking
Sociolect
variety of language that is related to the social
Dialect
non-standard variety of language (lexis/grammer specific to region)
Idiom
Common non-literal expression e.g. ‘I was dead on my feet’
Euphemism
softening of a work to protect receivers positive face e.g. ‘let go’ instead of ‘fired’
Dysphemism
unpleasant/derogatory terms e.g. ‘cunt’
Prescriptivist
some forms of language are more valuable than others (standard English)
Descriptivist
no judgement on forms of language
Glottal stops
missing out letters in speech e.g. bu’‘er (butter)
Hedging
forms of vagueness/informality e.g. ‘like’, ‘kind of’
Fillers/pauses
slips, confusion, self correcting in sentences e.g. ‘um’
can be seen repeated
Overt prestige
dialect used by a culturally powerful group e.g. politicians
Covert prestige
high social status through the use non-standard English forms
Grammar features?
- Incomplete minor sentences
- Simpler/compound sentences (rely on compound sentences with coordinated conjunctions)
Lexical features?
- Slang/informal lexical choices
- High frequency lexis
- Low register
- ## Direct address with second person pronoun ‘you’
