COMPENSATED/DECOMPENSATED Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
Categories of 21VT
A
Protection to convergence
Protection to accommodation
Potential of inhibition
Learned Relationships
Degree of Organization
Protection of Accommodation against senility
2
Q
Type of test: Protection to convergence
A
Phoria Test
3
Q
Type of test: Protection to accommodation
A
Retinoscopy and cross cylinder test
4
Q
Type of test: Potential of inhibition
A
Blur test
5
Q
Type of test: Learned relationships
A
Duction break tests
6
Q
Type of test: Degree of organization
A
Duction recovery tests
7
Q
Type of test: Protection to accommodation against senility
A
Amplitude of accommodations
8
Q
Test numbers: Protection to convergence
A
3, 8, 13A, 13B, 15A, 15B
9
Q
Test numbers: Protection to accommodation
A
4, 5, 6, 14A, 14B
10
Q
Test numbers: Potential to inhibition
A
9, 16A, 17A, 20, 21
11
Q
Test numbers: Learned relationships
A
10, 11, 16B, 17B
12
Q
Test numbers: Protection to accommodation against senility
A
19
13
Q
because the line of sight goes out of the fovea, the patient will see double
A
learned relationships
14
Q
because the line of sight went outside the fovea, it will go back to the fovea making the patient see single again
A
DEGREE OF ORGANIZATION
15
Q
- represented by the
- phoria
result of phoria tests particularly INDUCED phoria
A
Fusional vergence demand
16
Q
This is the muscle imbalance while the px is wearing the new prescription
A
Induced phoria
17
Q
created a demand for positive fusional vergence
A
exophoria
18
Q
MATCH MATCH MATCH
BI TEST
PRA
PFR
BO TEST
NFR
EXO
NRA
ESO
____:____:____:____:
A
PRA: NFV: BI: ESO
NRA: PFV: BO: EXO
19
Q
created a demand for negative fusional vergence
A
ESOPHORIA
20
Q
The amount of fusional vergence to avoid diplopia
A
RESERVE
21
Q
fusional vergence tests
A
BASE OUT AND BASE IN TESTS
22
Q
The measure of ___________ is an important clinical test in the assessment of binocular vision status.
A
fusional reserves
23
Q
It is useful to know what portion of ________ are required to correct the ______.
A
fusional reserves; phoria
24
Q
When fusional reserve is used to compensate for heterophorias, it is known as ____________.
A
compensating vergence
25
known as fusional vergence tests or compensatory tests
VT9, 10, 16A, 16B, 11, 17A and 17B
26
will help if the patient has compensated or decompensated phoria.
fusional vergence tests or compensatory tests.
27
TRUE OR FALSE???????/
fusional demand tests are also known as compensatory tests.
FALSE
fusional VERGENCE tests are also known as compensatory tests
28
Kinds of heterophoria
Compensated
Decompensated
29
refers to fully controlled phorias that can be overcome by the ox with no symptoms in the absence of suppression
compensated
30
T/F
Compensated phoria is symptomatic
FALSE
it does not cause symptoms or asymptomatic
31
in severe cases (higher 6exo or eso), heterophorias jis not over come by fusional vergence, symptoms appears
Decompensated
32
Decompensated phoria may lead to ___________
strabismus
33
It is important because when the patient that has good bino vision → when not taken care of → PHORIA → when not managed properly → ______________ phoria → when wrong treatment is given →_____________
Decompensated; STRABISMUS
34
refers to heterophoria seems to be describe the component of the heterophoria for which the px was unable to compensate.
decompensated phoria
35
Symptoms of decompensated phoria
- visual perceptual distortions
- binocular disturbances
- asthenopia
36
What symptom of decompensated phoria are the ff under?
BOV, double vision, distorted vision due to ill-fitted lenses and frames
Visual perceptual distortions
37
T/F
Metamorphopsia is the term when the patient is experiencing visual perceptual distortions
(not metamorphopsia because it is pathological in nature —> anything to do in the retina, macula, visual pathway)
38
What type of lens creates barrel distortion?
minus lens
39
T/F
small frames can cause distortions such as barrel and pincushion
FALSE
big frames and MINUS LENSES can create BARREL distortion
big frames and PLUS LENSES (higher than +4.00) can create PINCUSHION distortion
40
big frames and PLUS LENSES (higher than +______) can create PINCUSHION distortion
4.00 D
41
What type of lens creates pincushion distortion?
plus lens
42
OVERMINUS lenses can cause __________ where objects appear smaller
OVERPLUS lenses can create __________
MICROPSIA
MACROPSIA
43
when px adapts to these distortion, it can lead to ___________________, which can lead to _________________ —> which can then lead to ______________________
spherical aberration
nocturnal myopia
higher EOR
44
signs of ANISEIKONIA, and distortion can be relieved through giving ______________________
HIGH - INDEX LENSES
45
High index lenses for minus lens is called
ultrathin
46
High index lenses for plus lens is called
Pre-calibrated lenses (Pre-cal)
47
Which lens is heavier?
Spheric
Aspheric
Aspheric
48
Why are ultra-thin/aspheric lenses heavier than normal lenses?
Because the molecules in ultrathin lesnses are compact
49
What symptom of decompensated phoria are the ff under?
Difficulty with stereopsis, monocular comfort
Binocular disturbances
50
When the stereopsis is towards poor, it can lead to _____________ and even______________
amblyopia; strabismus
51
What symptom of decompensated phoria are the ff under?
Headache, sore, tires and aching eyes, general irritation
Asthenopia
52
Kinds of decompensated heterophoria
task/ time of the day related
decompensated at near
decompensated at distance
53
What kind of decom phoria?
Report a habit of closing one eye to alleviate these symptoms which typically increase throughout the day & possibly throughout the working week.
decompensated at near
54
What kind of decom phoria?
likely to result in strain or intermittent diplopia while driving or watching television especially at night due to a combination of fatigue and reduced ambient lighting
eyestrain is experienced
decompensated at distance
55
Gross estimation of phoria
Cover test
56
During cover test, the ________ and _________ of recovery holds important clues to the state of compensation
speed; smoothness
57
In compensated phoria the recovery motin is _____________________
fast and precise
58
In poor compensation or suspected decompensated phoria the recovery motin is _____________________
sluggish and inaccurate
59
compensatory test or fusional reserves test
Any exo at far
9, 10
60
compensatory test or fusional reserves test
Any exo at near
16A, 16B
61
compensatory test or fusional reserves test
Any ESO at FAR
11
62
compensatory test or fusional reserves test
Any ESO at near
17A, 17B
63
Check high for compensatory tests
higher than 0.5 exo (far), higher than 6 exo (near)
64
check low for compensatory tests
any eso at far and near
65
Methods in determining kind of phoria
1. cover test
2. compensatory test or fusional reserve test
3. comparing habitual to induced phoria result
66
if the induced phoria has a _________ phoria, that is compensated phoria
reduced
67
if the induced phoria is _____________ phoria, that can be decompensated phoria
increased
68
What type of phoria?
Vt 3 = 2 exo, Vt8 = 1 exo
compensated phoria
69
What type of phoria?
Vt 3 = 2 exo, Vt8 = 4 exo
decompensated phoria
70
According to Theodore Grosvenor, for comfortable binocular vision, the fusional convergence reserve should be at least twice the demand (phoria test result)
what criterion
Sheard's Criterion
71
According to who to?
to identify whether the phoria is compensated or not , the recorded break is not used, because it is only used when there is no blur
Theodore Grosvenor
72
Sino nagsabi neto ha
- Sheard's rule proposes that fusional reserve blur point should be at least twice the size of the phoria
- Sheard's criterion works best for exophoric cases so that the PFR to blur should be at least twice the size of the exophoria in order for it to be compensated
- Break point is use if the px does not report bl
edi si David Elliot
73
Sheard's rule proposes that fusional reserve blur point should be at least ________ the size of the phoria
twice
74
Sheard's criterion works best for ___________ cases so that the ____ to blur should be at least twice the size of the exophoria in order for it to be compensated
exophoric; PFR
75
Interpret
Vt8 = ortho ; Vt 13b = 6 exo
NORMAL YAN
76
T/F
When results are within the normal expected, you still need to do the compensatory tests to confirm.
FALSE WAG MO PAHIRAPAN SARILI MO
When results are within the normal expected, you do not have to do the compensatory tests
77
INTERPRET
Vt8 = 2 exo
Vt 13b = 7 exo
VT9: 6
VT10: 20/2
VT16A: 10 (RESERVE)
VT16B: 22/1
Compensated phoria @ DISTANCE - reserve is higher than the (demand x 2)
Decompensated phoria @ NEAR - reserve is lower than the (demand x 2)
78
Pag may EXO at far and hindi normal result, what tests ang sunod mong iche-check?
EDI WOW
CHARENG
VT 9 for blur, if wala blur wawa ka naman
keme check VT 10
79
Pag may ESO at far and hindi normal result, what tests ang sunod mong iche-check?
VT 11 lang.
Kapag walang break, drop case mo na yan o kaya refer mo kay lorie
80
Pag may EXO at near and hindi normal result, what tests ang sunod mong iche-check?
16A - blur
if walang blur check 16B break
:--------P
81
Pag may ESO at near and hindi normal result, what tests ang sunod mong iche-check?
17A BLUR
IF WALA BLUR EDI 17B BREAK UKINAM
82
All compensated phoria ay deserve ng what correction
FULL CORRECTION
83
GIVE THE CORRECTION NA NARARAPAT SA FF DECOM PHORIA
Myopia w/ exo =
Myopia w/ eso =
Hyperopia w/ exo =
Hyperopia w/ eso =
Myopia w/ exo = FULL/OVERCX
Myopia w/ eso = UNDERCX
Hyperopia w/ exo = UNDERCX
Hyperopia w/ eso = FULL/OVERCX
MESO AT HEXO AY UNDERCX OKIE?
84
Fusional vergence demand is taken from the test to measure protection to convergence.
T/F
T
85
Outward latent deviation creates demand for positive fusional vergence.
T
86
T/F
Slow break point in cover test suggest decompensated phoria.
FALSE recovery
87
T/F
Fusional reserve test of any exo at near is abduction at distance.
FALSE - true adduction
88
T/F
All test to measure degree of organization is duction break test.
FALSE- DUCTION RECOVERY TEST
89
T/F
VT15A and VT15B are part of the fusional vergence demand.
FALSE
90
T/F
Any manifest deviation inward at near should be tested with fusional reserve test of 17A and 17B.
FALSE - LATENT
91
During cover test, the covered eye moves inward upon removal of the cover. The present is exophoria.
TRUE
92
T/F
Fusional test is also called compensatory test.
TRUE
93
T/F
Phoria at near is 10exo it is called check high.
T
94
Vt # 7: -3.50 , Vt # 8: 3 eso, Vt # 13B: 7exo
What is the fusional reserve test to be done for far?
VT 11 KASI ESO HAHAHA
95
Vt # 7: -3.50 , Vt # 8: 3 eso, Vt # 13B: 7exo
What is the fusional reserve test to be done for near?
VT16A and 16B KASI EXO
96
Vt # 7: -4.00D. Vt # 8: 4exo. Vt # 13B: Sexo Vt # 9: 4^D. Vt #10: 8/2 Vt # 16a: 11^D. Vt # 16b: 20/1
What is the status of heterophoria at far?
DECOMPENSATED
97
Vt # 7: -4.00D.
Vt # 8: 4exo.
Vt # 13B: 7 exo
Vt # 9: 4^D.
Vt #10: 8/2
Vt # 16a: 11^D.
Vt # 16b: 20/1
What is the status of heterophoria at near?
DECOMPENSATED
98
Vt # 7: -4.00D.
Vt # 8: 4exo.
Vt # 13B: 7 exo
Vt # 9: 4^D.
Vt #10: 8/2
Vt # 16a: 11^D.
Vt # 16b: 20/1
What is the recommended correction?
Full / OVER optical correction
