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ITC > Components of Computer Sys (1) > Flashcards

Components of Computer Sys (1) Flashcards

1
Q

is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data

A

system unit

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2
Q

The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes (6):

A
  1. Drive bays
  2. Powersupply
  3. Sound card
  4. Video card
  5. Processor
  6. Memory
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3
Q

the main circuit board of the system unit

A

Motherboard

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4
Q

contains integrated circuits

A

computer chip

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5
Q

also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer

A

Processor

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6
Q

two things in a processor

A
  1. control unit

2. ALU (arithmetic logic unit)

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7
Q

three types of processor

A
  1. Dual-core processor
  2. Multi-core processor
  3. Quad-core processor
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8
Q

component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

A

control unit

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9
Q

performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

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10
Q

For every instruction, a ___ repeats a set of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycle

A

processor

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11
Q

Steps in a Machine Cycle

A
  1. Control unit fetches math problem’s instructions and data from memory
  2. Control unit decodes math problem’s instructions and sends to ALU
  3. ALU performs calculations on data
  4. Results of calculation is stored in memory
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12
Q

Processor begins fetching a second instruction before it completes the machine cycle for the first instruction

A

Pipelining

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13
Q

leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips are?

A

Intel and AMD

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14
Q

Memory size is measured in?

A

kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB)

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15
Q

[T or F] Each location in memory has an address

A

True

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16
Q

system unit contains two types of memory:

A
  1. Volatile memory

2. Non-volatile memory

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17
Q

Loses its contents when power is turned off; RAM

A

volatile memory

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18
Q

Does not lose contents when power is removed; flash memory, ROM

A

non-volatile memory

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19
Q

Three basic types of RAM chips exist:

A
  1. Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
  2. Static RAM (SRAM)
  3. Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM)
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20
Q

RAM chips usually reside on a ___ and are inserted into ___.

A

memory module, memory slots

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21
Q

speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data

A

memory cache

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22
Q

is a blank ROM chip that can be written to permanently

A

PROM (programmable read-only memory) chip

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23
Q

is any data and instructions entered into the

memory of a computer

A

input

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24
Q

series of related instructions that tells a computer what
tasks to perform and how to perform
them

A

program

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25
Q

is an instruction a user
issues by replying to a question
displayed by a program

A

User response

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26
Q

[T or F] Programs don’t respond to commands that are user issues

A

False

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27
Q

is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into
a computer

A

input device

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28
Q

is an input device that contains keys

users press to enter data and instructions into a computer

A

keyboard

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29
Q

how many keys are mostlyn in keyboards?

A

between 101 - 105

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30
Q

Most desktop computers have (6):

A
  1. between 101 - 105 keys
  2. application key
  3. windows key
  4. toggle keys
  5. numeric keypad sa right side
  6. function keys
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31
Q

also known as the cursor, is a symbol on the screen that indicates where the next character you type will appear

A

insertion point

32
Q

two ways to connect wireless keyboards into computers

A
  1. bluetooth

2. IrDA

33
Q

incorporates comfort, efficiency, and

safety into the design of the workplace

A

Ergonomics

34
Q

an input device that allows a user to control a pointer on a screen

A

pointing device

35
Q

small symbol on the screen that changes based on where the user hover this with the use of pointing device

A

pointer

36
Q

pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably

A

mouse

37
Q

3 other pointing devices:

A
  1. trackball
  2. touchpad
  3. pointing stick
38
Q

stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side

A

trackball

39
Q

small square or rectangular shaped pointing device that is sensitive to touch and pressure

A

touchpad

40
Q

pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser positioned between keys on the keyboard

A

pointing stick

41
Q

touch-sensitive display device

A

touch screen

42
Q

With ____, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections

A

pen input

43
Q

Video games and computer games use a ___ as the input device that directs movements and actions of on-screen objects

A

game controller

44
Q

A ____ is a mobile device that allows

users to take pictures and store them digitally

A

digital camera

45
Q

3 types of digital camera:

A
  1. field camera
  2. studio camera
  3. point-and-shoot camera
46
Q

2 factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:

A
  1. resolution

2. no. of bits stored in each pixel

47
Q

The number of horizontal nd vertical pictures in a display device

A

resolution

48
Q

the smallest element in an electronic display

A

pixel

49
Q

[T or F] The LESSER bits used to represent a pixel,
the more colors and shades of gray that
can be represented

A

False

50
Q

process of entering input by speaking into a microphone

A

voice input

51
Q

is the computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words

A

Voice recognition

52
Q

The process of entering any sound

into the computer

A

audio input

53
Q

allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds

A

Music production software

54
Q

The process of capturing full-motion images and

storing them on a computer’s storage medium

A

video input

55
Q

Record video on a ___ or use a ___ to convert analog signals to digital

A

digital video (DV) camera, video capture card

56
Q

steps of using a video input

A
  1. record with a dv camera or use a memory card
  2. plug the cord of camera into the port of the computer
  3. transfer videos and images
57
Q

is a type of digital video camera that
enables a user to: capture images and videos, send email with vid attachments, add live img in instant messages, broadcast live images, and make video calls

A

web cam

57
Q

is a type of digital video camera that
enables a user to: capture images and videos, send email with vid attachments, add live img in instant messages, broadcast live images, and make video calls

A

web cam

58
Q

is a meeting between two or more geographically separated people

A

video conference

59
Q

4 examples of scanners and reading devices

A
  1. flatbed
  2. pen or handheld
  3. sheer-fed
  4. drum
60
Q

involves reading characters from ordinary documents

A

Optical character recognition (OCR)

61
Q

a document you return to the company that creates and sends it

A

turnaround document

62
Q

reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles; scans the documents and matches the patterns of light

A

Optical mark recognition (OMR)

63
Q

uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object

A

RFID (radio frequency identification)

64
Q

reads information on the tag via radio waves

A

RFID reader

65
Q

read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards

A

Magnetic stripe card readers

66
Q

read text printed with magnetized ink; used by banks for check processing

A

MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) devices

67
Q

converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process

A

MICR reader

68
Q

obtain data directly at the location where the

transaction or event takes place; used in restaurants, groceries, warehouses etc.

A

data collection devices

69
Q

authenticates a person’s identity by verifying a personal characteristic

A

biometrics

70
Q

computer that allows users to send data to

and/or receive information from a host computer

A

terminal

71
Q

records purchases, processes, payments and updates inventory

A

POS terminal

72
Q

allows users to access their bank accounts

A

ATM (Automated Teller Machine)

73
Q

self service DVD rental machine

A

DVD Kiosk

74
Q

3 examples of biometric input

A
  1. fingerprint reader
  2. iris recognition system
  3. hand geometry system

ITC (6 decks)

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