COMPONENTS OF LABOR

Question 1

what are the 4 components of labor?

Answer 1

• passage
• passenger
• powers of labor
• psyche

Question 2

this refers to the route a fetus must travel from the uterus through the cervix and vagina to the external perineum.

Answer 2

passage

Question 3

what are the two pelvic measurements to determine the adequacy of the pelvic size?

Answer 3

• anteroposterior diameter of the inlet ( diagonal conjugate )
• transverse diameter of the outlet

Question 4

what pelvic diameter is the narrowest at the pelvic inlet?

Answer 4

anteroposterior diameter

Question 5

what pelvic diameter is narrowest at the pelvic outlet?

Answer 5

transverse diameter

Question 6

what is the body part of the fetus that has the widest diameter? specifically what measurement?

Answer 6

• head
• 9.5cm

Question 7

a fetal skull can pass depends on both ??

Answer 7

structure & alignment with pelvis

Question 8

as the nurse on duty, you need to explain to the mother that molding refers to what?

Answer 8

• change shape of fetal skull due to the force of uterine contractions pressing the vertex of the fetal head against not yet dilated cervix.

Question 9

as the nurse on duty, your patient who is a first time mother asked you if her baby’s molding would go away after how many week/s?

Answer 9

1-2wks

Question 10

what does engagement refer to?

Answer 10

settling of the presenting part of fetus into the pelvis, at the level of the ischial spine.

Question 11

this refers to the midpoint of the pelvis

Answer 11

ischial spines

Question 12

while you were at your DR rotation, your CI asked you to check your patient’s engagement. you told her that she is at station -1, what does this indicate?

Answer 12

fetal head is still floating.

Question 13

what stations indicates that the fetal head is already at the outlet, crowning is already visible.

Answer 13

+3, +4

Question 14

this refers to the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus to the level of the ischial spines

Answer 14

station

Question 15

what are the two fetal head diameters?

Answer 15

• bpd ( biparietal diameter )
• sob ( suboccipitobregmatic )

Question 16

this fetal head diameter refers to the side by side measurement

Answer 16

biparietal diameter

Question 17

this fetal head diameter refers to the front to back measurement

Answer 17

suboccipitobregmatic

Question 18

what is the measurement of bpd in cm?

Answer 18

9.25cm

Question 19

what is the measurement of sob in cm?

Answer 19

9.5 cm

Question 20

what are the other 2 measurements of fetal head diameter under sob?

Answer 20

• occipitofrontal (military/sinciput)
• occipitomental (face/mentum)

Question 21

what is the measurement of occipitomental in cm?

Answer 21

13.5cm

Question 22

what is the measurement of occipitofrontal in cm?

Answer 22

12cm

Question 23

what is fetal attitude?

Answer 23

describes the degree of flexion

Question 24

how can you tell if the fetus is in a good attitude?

Answer 24

the spinal column is bowed forward, head is flexed so much that the chin touches the sternum

Question 25

why is “ normal position of the fetus “ good for birth?

Answer 25

it helps the fetus present the smallest anteroposterior diameter, and it puts the body into an ovoid shape, occupying the smallest space.

Question 26

a fetus in moderate flexion, with the chin not touching the chest but is in an alert or ??

Answer 26

military position

Question 27

a fetus in a partial extension presents the ?? of the head to the birth canal

Answer 27

brow

Question 28

what does descent mean?

Answer 28

the widest part of the fetus has passed through the pelvis inlet, or the pelvic inlet has been proved adequate for birth.

Question 29

what does fetal lie refer to?

Answer 29

relationship between the long axis of the mother & fetus ( whether the fetus is lying horizontally or vertocally )

Question 30

what are the two types of fetal lie?

Answer 30

- horizontal (transverse) - vertical (longitudinal)

Question 31

what does fetal presentation refer to?

Answer 31

the body part that will first contact the cervix, or be born first.

Question 32

this is determined by a combination of fetal lie and degree of fetal flexion

Answer 32

fetal presentation

Question 33

what are the 3 types of fetal presentation?

Answer 33

- cephalic - breech - shoulder

Question 34

what type of fetal presentation shows that the fetal head is the first body part that will contact the cervix?

Answer 34

cephalic presentation

Question 35

what are the four types of cephalic presentation?

Answer 35

- vertex - brow - face / mentum - military / sinciput

Question 36

what fetal presentation shows that either the buttocks or the feet are the first body part that will contact the cervix?

Answer 36

breech presentation

Question 37

what are the three types of breech presentation?

Answer 37

- complete - frank - footling

Question 38

what fetal presentation shows the presenting part is usually one of the shoulders, an iliac crest, a hand, or an elbow?

Answer 38

shoulder presentation