Composite Material 2 Flashcards
What are the main roles of matrix materials?
- Transfer stress between reinforcing fibres / particle.
- Provide toughness.
- Improve processibility.
- Hold and protect fibres.
What are the metal matrix properties?
- mainly aluminium, magnesium, titanium alloys.
- Density: 3,000 - 5,000 kg/m3
- Moderate temperature resistance (up to 800 degrees for Ti alloys).
- Good toughness
- Good strength
Moderate processibility.
What are the ceramic matrix properties?
- Alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, ceramic glasses.
- Density: 2,000 - 3,000 kg/m^3
- Very good temperature resistance (to 1300 degrees).
- Poor toughness.
- Poor processibility.
What are the thermosetting polymer matrix properties?
- epoxies, polyesters, phenolics.
- Density: 1,000 to 1,300 kg/m3
- Poor temperature resistance (up to 250 degree)
- Moderate toughness.
- Lower strength
- Excellent processibility.
What are the thermoplastic polymer matrix properties?
- Polypropylene, nylons, PEEK (and bio-polymers).
- Density: 980 - 1,300 kg/m3.
- Poor temperature resistance (up to 250 degree)
- Excellent toughness.
- Lowest strength
- Good processibility.
Which matrix has the lowest to highest density?
- Polymers.
- Ceramics.
- Metals.
Which matrix has the most to least temperature resistance?
1.Ceramics
2. Metals
3. Polymers
Which matrix has the most to least stiffness?
- Ceramics.
- Metals.
- Thermosets.
- Thermoplastics.
Which matrix has the most to least strength?
- Ceramics and Metals.
- Polymers.
Which matrix has the most to least toughness?
- Thermoplastic and Metals.
- Thermosets.
- Ceramics.
Which matrix has the most to least processibility?
- Thermosets.
- Thermoplastics
- Metals
- Ceramics
What are the main roles particulate reinforcement?
- Increase stiffness.
- Increase hardness.
- Reduce cost.
- Modify other properties density, conductivity, thermal, optical, magnetic properties.
What are the particle reinforcements?
- Ceramics
- Calcium carbonate, silica, calcium hydroxide, titanium dioxide, mica, kaolin, wollastonite, other clays (including nano-particles) - Glass particles and spheres.
- Carbon and graphene.
- Metals
- Wood flour
What are the main roles of Fibre reinforcements?
- Increase stiffness.
- Increase strength.
- Increase toughness.
Type of fibre reinforcements?
- Glass
- Carbon
- Polyaramids (Kevlar)
- Other Polymers (polyethylene, Polypropylene).
- Ceramic Whiskers.
- Carbon nanotubes
- Natural fibres.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of glass?
Low cost, good stiffness, reasonable strength, low toughness, good temp resistance.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of carbon?
More expensive, good stiffness and strength, moderate toughness, moderate temp resistance.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of Polyaramids (Kevlar)?
Quite expensive, moderate stiffness and strength, excellent toughness, moderate temperature resistance.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of other polymers (polyethylene, polypropylene)?
Range of cost, moderate-low strength and stiffness, excellent toughness, low temperature resistance, poor adhesion.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of ceramic whiskers (silicon carbide, boron, silicon nitride, aluminium oxide)
High stiffness, high temperature resistance, low toughness, only short fibres.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of carbon nanotubes?
Very small fibres, very high strength and stiffness, good toughness, very expensive.
Properties of the fibre reinforcement of Natural fibres?
- Range of properties, cost can be very low to quite high, variability in properties, high levels of water absorption, generally lower environmental impact.
- Fibre from main stems (mainly cellulose), leaf and husk (some mineral fibres).
- Wood, cotton, hemp, jute, sisal, pineapple, banana, rice etc.
What are the arrangement of reinforcement for particle composites?
For particle composites fairly simple, so size, amount and dispersion.
What are the arrangement of reinforcement for fibre composites?
Fibre composites more complex:
- Continuous fibre - unidirectional
- Fibres with various orientations.
- Complex fibre arrangements - weave etc.
- Short fibres.
