Composition Of Microbial Flora At Different Body Sites

Question 1

What’s the reason behind the low incidence infection of micriobial flora?

Answer 1

Becuase of the immune response of the body (immunocompetent)

Question 2

When we say immunocompromised patients, we are what?

Answer 2

Easily get infections from microbial flora.

Question 3

What are the mechanisms of the skin that inhibit the microbial flora to invade?

Answer 3

Fatty acids and lipid secretion
Excretion of lysozyme of Sweat glands
Desquamation of epithelium

Question 4

Most microbial flora in skin found in ____.

Answer 4

• Most superficial layers of cells
• upper parts of the hair follicles

Question 5

T or 9
99.9% of bacteria will be eliminated in the skin if we scrub or wash our body.

Answer 5

False- 90%

Question 6

The composition of the flora in skin depends on the activity of the___.

Answer 6

sebaceous or sweat glands

Question 7

Organisms concentrate the most in moist area like.

Answer 7

Perineum
Armpit/axillae
Groin

Question 8

They are usually found in moist areas such as axillae or between toes.

Answer 8

Aerobic diptheroids

Question 9

These microbial flora reside in hair follicles and colonize the sebaceous gland.

Answer 9

Staphylococcus epidermidis
Propionibacterium spp.

Question 10

T or F
The presence of skin bacteria supports the growth of other pathogenic spp.

Answer 10

False - they inhibit the other pathogens.

Question 11

Why do apocrine glands produce amine/foul odor?

Answer 11

Because the secretes subs. were metabolized by the bacteria, which causes bad odor.

Question 12

T or F
Staphylococcus epidermidis can be inhibited through lipids and fatty acids.

Answer 12

False- this species is resistant

Question 13

They are common microbial flora found in the skin except:
A. Staphylococcus spp.
B. Streptococcus spp.
C. Clostridium spp.
D. Candida spp.

Answer 13

B. Streptococcus spp.

Question 14

What microbial flora dominates the mouth?

Answer 14

Streptococcus spp.

Question 15

Where does the flora usually bind inside the mouth?
A. Tongue
B. Teeth surface
C. Buccal mucosa
D. Tonsils

Answer 15

B. Teeth surface
C. Buccal mucosa

Question 16

T or F
Plaquein teeth contain 10^11 streptococci per gram

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is/are the results of plaque?

Answer 17

Results in low oxidation-reduction potential, which fermentation occurs and produce lactic acid that causes cavity.

Question 18

Respiratory tract is divide into two parts.

Answer 18

Upper Respiratory tract
Lower Respiratory tract

Question 19

Upoer Respiratory tract is composed of what?

Answer 19

mouth, nasopharynx, orapharynx, and larynx.

Question 20

The lower respiratory tract consists of what?

Answer 20

Trachea, bronchi, pulmonary parenchyma

Question 21

The organs that are protected by the action of ciliary epithelial

Answer 21

Trachea, bronchi ,lungs

Question 22

the upper respiratory tract is usually dominant by:

Answer 22

Viridans streptococci

Question 23

Viridans of strep. Found in respiratory tract.

Answer 23

Common:
Streptococcus mitis
Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus milleri

Streptococcus sanguis
Moraxella catarrhalis
Neisseria spp.
Diptheroids

Question 24

Obligates anaerobes reside in ____ where an anaerobic environment support them to live.

Answer 24

Gingival crevices

Question 25

Example of opportunistic pathogen

Answer 25

S. Aureus

Question 26

What are the additional species of flora can be found in nasopharynx?

Answer 26

Haemophilus influenzae Streptococcus pneumoniae Neisseria meningitis

Question 27

T or F Individual who are hospitalized for several days may become colonized in the upper RT by gram-positive bacteria.

Answer 27

False- gram negative like enterobacteriaceae

Question 28

The oropharynx usually contains a viridans group. what are they?

Answer 28

Strep. mitis Strep. mutans Strep. milleri Strep. sanguis Strep. salivarius

Question 29

Aside from the viridans group found in oropharynx, what are the others??

Answer 29

Diptheroids, Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 30

Comprises the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon.

Answer 30

Gastrointestinal tract

Question 31

T or F Microbial flora usually multiplies in the esophagus and stomach.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

What components protect the stomach?

Answer 32

- Gastric juice, which has HCL with 1 pH - some acids and enzyme

Question 33

What microorganisms ca survive inside the stomach?

Answer 33

- Spore forming bacteria - cysts of parasites - Helicobacter pylori

Question 34

T or F Stomach totally kills all bacteria.

Answer 34

False- it only minimizes the microbial flora tha reach to intestine

Question 35

T or F Obligate anaerobes make up 90% of microbial flora in large intestine.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T or F Small intestines contain few organisms came from the stomach.

Answer 36

False- it came from colon

Question 37

What organisms is/are usually present in the large intestine? A. Gram negative bacilli B. Gram negative cocci C. Yeast D. P. aeruginosa

Answer 37

B,C,D

Question 38

The gastrointestinal tract population may be altered by ____.

Answer 38

Antibiotics

Question 39

T or F When a particular population of microorganisms eradicated antibiotics, other members of indigenous flora are able to proliferate.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

The alteration of GIT can cause severe A. Necrotizing enterocolitis(C. difficile) B. Diarrhea (C. albicans, S. aureus) C. Both D. None of the above

Answer 40

C.

Question 41

All are common microorganisms found in GIT except what? A. Staphylococcus spp. B. Clostridium spp. C. Fusobacterium spp. D. Eubacterium spp.

Answer 41

All aswers are correct

Question 42

T or F Kidney,bladder, and fallopian tubes are normally free of microorganisms.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Microbial flora found in the urethra usually came from what?

Answer 43

Skin

Question 44

T or F The composition of the vaginal flora is consistent with hormonal changes and age.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

Before puberty and postmenopausal, the women vaginal consist of what microorganisms?

Answer 45

Yeast Gram negative bacilli Gram points cocci

Question 46

Which statement is/are true about microbial flora during pregnancy? A. The pregnant woman has high estrogen promotes to glycogen production in vaginal epithelial cells. B. High-level glycogen can be prone in vaginal infection. C. Lactobacilli metabolized the glycogen to maintain the pH low. D. Low pH encourages the production of aaerobic gram - bacilli, gram + cocci, lactobacilli

Answer 46

All answers are correct

Question 47

All are common microorganisms foun in Genitourinary tract except: A. Lactobacillus spp. B. Clostridium spp. C. Candida albicans D. Enterobacteriaceae

Answer 47

C and D